http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Biographical Memoirs V.53 Office of the Home Secretary, National Academy of Sciences ISBN: 0-309-59904-0, 400 pages, 6 x 9, (1982) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll- free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This book plus thousands more are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF File are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Distribution, posting, or copying is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Request reprint permission for this book. i e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not o f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive at rm o Biographical Memoirs riginal horit ic f o e h NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t ii e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not o f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t iii e h t be ion. om r NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ibut f r t cannot OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA r at not o f however, version ng, i t paper book, BiBiooggrraapphhiiccalalBiographical MemoirsMemoirsMemoirs at ive at rm o riginal horit ic f Volume 53 o e h t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS ined, a bout WASHINGTON, D.C. 1982 A ret original t iv e h t be ion. om The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by Act of Congress as a private, non- r ibut f r profit, self-governing membership corporation for the furtherance of science and technology, t cannot required to advise the federal government upon request within its fields of competence. Under its r at not o corporate charter the Academy established the National Research Council in 1916, the National f Academy of Engineering in 1964, and the Institute of Medicine in 1970. however, INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-03287-3 version ng, i t paper book, at ive at rm LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 5-26629 o riginal horit ic f o e Available from h t he aut NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS t om r 2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W., as ing-specif t WASHINGTON, D.C. 20418 ion ed f peset y PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t CONTENTS v e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not Contents o f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h t he aut t Preface vii om r as ing-specif t ion ed f Roger Adams 3 peset y by D. Stanley Tarbell and Ann Tracy Tarbell http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t iles creat is h Alfred Blalock 49 t L f M of by A. Mcgehee Harvey and ot X om yles, r f Ira Sprague Bowen 83 st version by Horace W. Babcock print posed e h heading Ralph Erskine Cleland 121 Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom by Erich Steiner use t breaks, ease l been William David Coolidge 141 P by C. G. Suits word has ed. hs, Alfred Edwards Emerson 159 insert by Edward O. Wilson and Charles D. Michener ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t CONTENTS vi e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot Ralph Waldo Gerard 179 r at not o by Seymour S. Kety f however, John Heysham Gibbon, Jr. 213 version ng, i t by Harris B Shumacker, Jr. paper book, at ive at rm o Chester Ray Longwell 249 riginal horit ic f o by John Rodgers e h t he aut t om Alfred Sherwood Romer 265 r as ing-specif t by Edwin H. Colbert ion ed f peset y John Clarke Slater 297 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/576.html Biographical MemoirsV.53 publicat her t by Philip M. Morse iles creat is h t L f M of and ot Stephen P. Timoshenko 323 X by C. Richard Soderberg om yles, r f st version Richard Baldwin Turner 351 print posed e by Marshall Gates h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t David Locke Webster II 367 by Paul Kirkpatrick breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t PREFACE vii e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not Preface o f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h The Biographical Memoirs is a series of volumes, beginning in 1877, con- t he aut t taining the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of om r as ing-specif t Sciences and bibliographies of their published scientific contributions.