-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT <PROJECT LIBFISH> LIB/88/009 GCP/LlB/021/1sDB LIBFISH TECHNICAL BRIEFING NOTES, No. 21 REVIEW OF AQUACULTURE FUNDAMENTALS & THE LIBFISH AQUA COMPONENT PROGRAMME: WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS (MBRC Tajura, 26-28 November 1994) Compiled by F.valet & j. Eric Reynolds FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Tripoli/Rome, January 1995 FOREWORD LIBFISH Technical Briefing Notes (TBN) arc intended as preliminary communications about ongoing or recently completed work undertaken through the various Project components. This twenty-first number in the series comprises proceedings of the Aquaculture Workshop organised by Project LIBFISH in coordination with the National Aquaculture Centre (NAC), Malta, and the Marine Biology Research Centre (MBRC). Dr. C. Agius, NAC Director, served as principal lecturer, and Dr. F. Vallet, FAO Senior Aquaculture Advisor, as moderator. Their contributions towards making the workshop a success are gratefully acknowledged, along with those of Messrs. S. Al Ajnaf, A. Fituri, D. Hadoud, N. ElKebir, M. Magsoudi, M. Tresh, and A. El- Turkey of the MBRC. and of Messrs. A. Arara & O. Dreza of the Bironi Remote Sensing Centre. Thanks are due as well to Project Administrative Assistants Messrs M. Hamada and G. Paulose for their help with workshop preparations and assembly of these proceedings. TBN No. 21 documents further progress towards the fulfillment of Project terms of reference related to aquaculture in Libya. The Project's Aqua group is concerned, amongst other things, with: assessment of national aquaculture potential and existing capacity and requirements; site visits and evaluation: training activities in a wide array of aquaculture techniques including fry and feed trials, operation of experimental feed, hatchery, and supporting laboratory and production-related facilities; and the preparation of advisory reports to the Secretariat of Marine Wealth. The original version of this report is written in English. Interpretations and/or translations into other languages should be verified against the original. --J.Eric Reynolds Project Manager This report was prepared during the course of the project identified on the title page. The conclusions and recommendations given in the report are those considered appropriate at the time of its preparation. They may be modified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the project. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations or the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers. For bibliographic purposes this document should be cited as follows: F.Vallet & J.Eric Reynolds. Review of aquaculture fundamentals & the U8FISH Aqua 1995 component programme: workshop proceedings. Tripoli/Rome, FAO. 61 p. Fl: DP/UB/88/009 & Fl: GCP/LIB/021/lsDB, Technical Briefing Notes 21 (En). CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION II. WORKSHOP WELCOMING SPEECH -- J. Eric Reynolds, LIBFISH Project Manager III. FUNDAMENTALS OF AQUACULTURE -- Dr. C Agius. Director. NAC. Malta IV. LIBFISH AQUACULTURE -- Dr. F. Vallet. COMPONENT WORKPLAN -- FAO Senior Aquaculture Advisor V. SHRIMP MORTALITY AT AIM KAAM -- A. Fituri. MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group VI. STUDY OF TRACHINOTUS SP -- A. El Turky MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group VII. ZOOPLANKTON PRODUCTION -- M. Al Magsoudi, MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group VIII. PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTION -- M. Tresh, MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group IX. PELLETED FISH FEED PRODUCTION -- S. El-Ajnaf, MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group X. AQUACULTURE SITE SELECTION -- D. Hadoud, MBRC/LIBFISH Aqua Component Group -- XI GIS AND AQUACULTURE SITE -- A.A, Arara & 0. Dreza SELECTION Bironi Remote Sensing Centre XII. CLOSING REMARKS -- Dr. J. Eric Reynolds, LIBFISH Project Manager XIII REFERENCES CITED ANNEX 1. LIBFISH AQUA WORKSHOP & SITE VISIT TIMETABLE ANNEX 2. LIBFISH AQUA WORKSHOP SESSIONS ANNEX 3. LIBFISH AQUA WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS ANNEX 4. TERMS OF REFERENCE, LIBFISH AQUA WORKSHOP AND SITE VISIT MISSION ANNEX 5. NOTES OF FIELD VISITS, LIBFISH AQUA COMPONENT MISSION ANNEX 6. LIBFISH AQUA WORKSHOP, EXECUTIVE BRIEFING ANNEX 7. PROPOSED LIBFISH-NAC HATCHERY TRAINING COURSE I. INTRODUCTION 1. Aquaculture-related activities constitute a central element of Project LIBFISH objectives, as stipulated in the Project Document (ProDoc) under Output 6 of Immediate Objective 1 ('Strengthen the capability of the Secretariat for Marine Wealth, by the end of the Project, to control and manage the fisheries and aquaculture sectors of marine resource development on a sustainable basis'), and Outputs 1 through 6 of Immediate Objective 2 ('Develop the capacity of the Marine Biology Research Centre, by the end of the Project, to provide effective technical advisory and management services in marine resource utilization and aquaculture to the Secretariat of Marine Wealth.1). 2. In-service and study tour training activities are essential to the realisation of these objectives, and have thus been an important focus of concern for the LIBFISH Aquaculture (Aqua) component working group. Although the component's technical and training programme has been subjected to a number of setbacks (Reynolds and Dawid, 1995), considerable in-service training opportunities have been provided on a continuing basis through practical work in such areas as live feed production, aquaria operation, fry collection and rearing, field site technical and assessment visits, and through a number of lectures on theory and basics pertaining to a wide variety of aquaculture-related topics.* 3. In an effort to expand aquaculture training activities plans began to be formulated in July 1994 to organise a study tour for suitable candidates from the MBRC and the Agriculture Institute in Khoms to attend a course in fish hatchery techniques at the National Aquaculture Centre (NAC) in Malta. Originally scheduled for late October -early November 1994, it was later decided in consultation with Dr. C. Agius. NAC Director, to defer the tour until late January - early February 1995, in order to coincide with the end of the sea bass and sea bream breeding and hatching cycle at the Centre. 4. In the meantime, so as to maintain the momentum of Aqua component training and to provide a wider audience of national counterpart personnel with an opportunity to acquire further background in aquaculture techniques and an update on LIBFISH Aqua activities, arrangements were made to convene a workshop at the MBRC in late November 1994, with Agius participating as principal lecturer. 5. This report provides a summary of workshop proceedings and includes various additional briefing materials as annexes. 6. The workshop and associated site visit timetable is shown as Annex 1, the schedule of workshop sessions as Annex 2, and the list of workshop participants as Annex 3. 7. Annex 4 shows the Terms of Reference for the Agius mission, and Annexes 5 and 6 respectively provide notes on field visit observations and the executive briefing which was convened for senior Secretariat of Marine Wealth, Aquaculture Institute, and MBRC administrative and technical officials at the conclusion of the mission. * Reports on various aspects of these activities include: Meaden (1994); Vallet (1994a); Magsoudi and Valid (1994); Vallet (1994b); Fituri and Vallet(1994). 8. The programme for the NAC hatchery course to take place during a four week period straddling January - February 1995 is shown as Annex 7. II. WORKSHOP ON AQUACULURE DEVELOPMENT -TAJURA, 26-28 OCTOBER 1994 - WELCOMING REMARKS By Dr. J. Eric Reynolds LIBFISH Project Manager Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen: On behalf of Project LIBFISH — Technical Assistance in Fisheries Development, the UNDP and the FAO, I am pleased to welcome all of you to this workshop of Aquaculture Development, hosted by the Marine Biology Research Centre. This is the fourteenth combined technical training/review workshop activity that has been implemented through MBRC and Project cooperation thus far. I should in particular like to extend a warm welcome to our guest lecturer for the workshop, Dr. Carmelo Agius, who as many of you know serves as the Director to the Malta National Aquaculture Institute. We are indeed fortunate in being able to have Dr. Agius visit with us and to participate in the five working sessions which have been scheduled over the next few days. He is a person who commands an extensive background in the field of aquaculture, covering a wide array of experiences in basic research, academic teaching, consultancy, administration, and practical operations. In addition to his fulfilling his rote as NAI director, Dr. Agius also currently serves as Professor of Biology on the Faculty of Science at the University of Malta, as special advisor to the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, and as Chair of the Malta Fisheries Board. These responsibilities make for a very busy and demanding schedule, and we should thus appreciate all the more his willingness to visit with us here, even if the time is all too brief. Given the very full programme ahead of us, we should without further delay invite Dr. Agius to begin the first session. Thank you. III. FUNDAMENTALS OF AQUACULTURE* Presented by Dr. C. Agius Director, National Aquaculture Centre, Malta 1. BACKGROUND Aquaculture can