Archaea Archaea in Wastewater Treatment: Current Research and Emerging Technology Lead Guest Editor: Jin Li Guest Editors: Rutao Liu, Yu Tao, and Guangbin Li Archaea in Wastewater Treatment: Current Research and Emerging Technology Archaea Archaea in Wastewater Treatment: Current Research and Emerging Technology Lead Guest Editor: Jin Li Guest Editors: Rutao Liu, Yu Tao, and Guangbin Li Copyright © 2018 Hindawi. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in “Archaea.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Board Sonja-Verena Albers, Germany Michael W. Friedrich, Germany Frank T. Robb, USA Ricardo Amils, Spain Toshiaki Fukui, Japan Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, Spain Haruyuki Atomi, Japan Dennis W. Grogan, USA Kevin R. Sowers, USA Nils-Kåre Birkeland, Norway Michael Ibba, USA Stefan Spring, Germany E. A. Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Russia Hans-Peter Klenk, UK Antonio Ventosa, Spain Isaac K. O. Cann, USA William W. Metcalf, USA William B. Whitman, USA Nejat Düzgünes, USA Alla Nozhevnikova, Russia Chuanlun Zhang, China Contents Archaea in Wastewater Treatment: Current Research and Emerging Technology Jin Li , Rutao Liu, Yu Tao, and Guangbin Li Editorial(2pages),ArticleID6973294,Volume2018(2018) The Occurrence of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) in an Alpine Wetland with a New Dominant Subcluster and the Potential Ability for a Methane Sink Yanfen Zhang ,AnzhouMa ,WenzongLiu ,ZhihuiBai , Xuliang Zhuang, and Guoqiang Zhuang Research Article (7 pages), Article ID 6201541, Volume 2018 (2018) Variation of Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structures in a Full-Scale Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment Xiu-lu Lang, Xiang Chen ,Ai-lingXu,Zhi-wenSong ,XinWang,andHe-bingWang Research Article (12 pages), Article ID 9319345, Volume 2018 (2018) Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea (AOA) Play with Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) in Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater Zhixuan Yin ,XuejunBi,andChenluXu Review Article (9 pages), Article ID 8429145, Volume 2018 (2018) Effects of Aged Oil Sludge on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Fungal Diversity Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing Analysis Huihui Wang ,ShaopingKuang , Qiaolin Lang ,andWenjuanYu Research Article (8 pages), Article ID 9264259, Volume 2018 (2018) Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Activated Sludge Technology: A Review Kai Wang ,LushengLi,FengxunTan,andDaojiWu Review Article (10 pages), Article ID 1039453, Volume 2018 (2018) Diversity and Niche of Archaea in Bioremediation Mark James Krzmarzick ,DavidKyleTaylor,XiangFu,andAubreyLynnMcCutchan Review Article (17 pages), Article ID 3194108, Volume 2018 (2018) Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity around the Aging Oil Sludge in Yellow River Delta as Determined by High-Throughput Sequencing Shaoping Kuang , Yaqing Su, Huihui Wang ,WenjuanYu , Qiaolin Lang , and Ravichandra Matangi Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 7861805, Volume 2018 (2018) Enhancement of Organic Matter Removal in an Integrated Biofilm-Membrane Bioreactor Treating High-Salinity Wastewater Yan Yang , Zhiyu Shao ,JunDu,QiangHe,andHongxiangChai Research Article (8 pages), Article ID 2148286, Volume 2018 (2018) Autohydrogenotrophic Denitrification Using the Membrane Biofilm Reactor for Removing Nitrate from High Sulfate Concentration of Water Yanhao Zhang , Haohan Zhang, Zhibin Zhang , Yuchen Wang, Taha Marhaba , Jixiang Li, Cuizhen Sun, and Wen Zhang Research Article (7 pages), Article ID 9719580, Volume 2018 (2018) Bioaugmentation with Mixed Hydrogen-Producing Acetogen Cultures Enhances Methane Production in Molasses Wastewater Treatment Shuo Wang ,JianzhengLi , Guochen Zheng, Guocheng Du, and Ji Li Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 4634898, Volume 2018 (2018) Dynamics of Archaeal and Bacterial Communities in Response to Variations of Hydraulic Retention Time in an Integrated Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Membrane Bioreactor Treating Benzothiazole Wastewater Yue Li, Qi Hu, and Da-Wen Gao Research Article (11 pages), Article ID 9210534, Volume 2018 (2018) Characterization of Microbial Communities in Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetlands with Salicornia for Treatment of Marine Aquaculture Effluents Xiaona Ma, Xingqiang Song, Xian Li, Songzhe Fu, Meng Li, and Ying Liu Research Article (12 pages), Article ID 7819840, Volume 2018 (2018) Hindawi Archaea Volume 2018, Article ID 6973294, 2 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6973294 Editorial Archaea in Wastewater Treatment: Current Research and Emerging Technology 1 2 3 4 Jin Li , Rutao Liu, Yu Tao, and Guangbin Li 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China 2School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 4Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Jin Li; [email protected] Received 7 November 2018; Accepted 7 November 2018; Published 18 November 2018 Copyright © 2018 Jin Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Wastewater treatment is quite imperative for sustainable issue with a specific topic on why a comprehensive development and is critical for an ecosystem and for human understanding of the identity, physiology, ecology, and health. Typically, wastewater is purified through multiple population dynamics of archaea is urgently needed to processes of microbial metabolisms. As a result, organic improve wastewater treatment efficiency and process matters, ammonia, sulfate, and phosphate are either stability. It will be possible to find selective principles for removed or transformed into other forms with lower harm regulating certain populations and managing a microbial to receiving aqua. We could not see a critical contribution community. It is entirely necessary to further study of Archaea to wastewater treatment until recently when we archaea in wastewater treatment. Such investigations can learned that they are responsible for methane production, not only optimize the current wastewater treatment carbon mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification. process but also innovate emerging technology. Furthermore, a newly discovered denitrifying anaerobic Twelve papers, including both reviews and research methane oxidation process, through which methane is articles, are selected in this Special Issue, covering the oxidized anaerobically, challenges the cliché concept of topics about the distributions and contributions of archaea involvement in wastewater treatment. To date, Archaea in wetlands, oilfield soil, and wastewater-treating thousands of wastewater treatment facilities are confirmed bioreactors. Three review articles are highlighted in this to have an ecological and functional contribution by Special Issue. One of the review papers focuses on the Archaea, which also benefits pollutant removal with low critical role of Archaea in bioremediation from halophilic chemical and/or energy input. hydrocarbon degradation to acidophilic hydrocarbon Archaea-involved technology is essential for wastewater degradation in various environments such as oceans, soils, treatment by integrating energy production and resource and acid mine drainage. Another article reviewed the recovery into a process for producing clean water. Archaea characteristics and treatment of leachate, and more impor- play important roles in converting pollutants into environ- tantly, pointed out future directions for leachate research mentally friendly materials. However, compared with and development. The third review paper overviews the bacteria that are widely studied in wastewater treatment current knowledge on ammonium-oxidizing archaea and systems, the characteristics and contributions of archaea ammonium-oxidizing bacteria that are involved in are still not well known. For instance, ecological patterns wastewater treatment systems. of archaea in a complex wastewater microbiome are not A wetland is an excellent combination of natural and fully understood, as well as the metabolisms of certain engineered forms of wastewater treatment. Two research key archaea. For these reasons, we organized a special articles address bacterial and archaeal microbial community 2 Archaea structures in constructed wetlands, with one focusing on microbiome differences between sediments and water, while another one focuses on microbial interactions in a pilot-scale wetland that treated saline wastewater from a land-based Atlantic salmon plant. A microbial world in oilfield soil is unveiled in this Special Issue by two research articles, one focusing on physicochemical properties, contents of primary pollutants, and fungal diversity of an aged oil sludge-contaminated soil, while another one focuses on soil bacterial community diversity around an aging oil sludge in the Yellow River Delta of China. Bioreactor microbiomes are the most popular topics in this Special Issue, including four research articles. An inte- grated biofilm-membrane bioreactor treating mustard tuber wastewater was reported with a particular focus on microbial mechanisms leading to membrane fouling. Another study focused on microbial community and the performance