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University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8526266 Velez de Urrutia, Zulma RAPE AND AFTER RAPE EXPERIENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM UPON THE RECOVERY PROCESS OF PUERTO RICAN WOMEN: 1983-84 The Ohio State University Ph.D. 1985 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 Copyright 1985 by Velez de Urrutia, Zulma All Rights Reserved PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a checkV mark . 1. Glossy photographs or pages_____ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background_____ 4. Illustrations are poor copy •/ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of p_______ ag e 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages^ 8. Print exceeds margin requirements______ 9. 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Other___________________________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International RAPE AND AFTER RAPE EXPERIENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM UPON THE RECOVERY PROCESS OF PUERTO RICAN WOMEN: 1983-84 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Social Work of The Ohio State University By Zulma V. de Urrutia, B.A., M.S.W. ***** The Ohio State University 1985 Reading Committee: Aproved By Dr. Keith Kilty Dr. John Beihling Dr. Virginia Richardson Adviser College of Social Work Copyright by Zulma V. de Urrutia 1985 This work is dedicated to my husband, Jos6 Manuel, my children, Jose Manuel Jr., Zulmarie and Juan Carlos, and my parents, Benjamin and Lydia, significant others who stood by me, supported me and understood the challenge of. this endeavor, turning it into a family project. They made me feel the joy of knowing what a true support system really is, and how it works. They stood by me, they induced motivation, and they were always there... ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The accomplishment of the task of producing a research piece can not be fulfilled without the support and encour­ agement of many persons. This piece of research is not an exception. Many persons have contributed at different levels and in differents ways toward this goal. A very special acknowledgment to Dr. Keith Kilty, Professor of the College of Social Work at the Ohio State University and Chairman of this Dissertation, for his continuous support, wise counseling, encouragement and confidence throughout the stages of this study. To Dr. John Beihling, Professor of Research College of Social Work at the Ohio State University and Committee Member, for his continuous encouragement support and advice in this study. Heartful thanks to Miss Esther Merves for her assistance in processing the data and statistical analysis. Her kind­ ness and support helped to make the task easier. My greatful acknowledgment to the persons that made this project a reality. The 38 rape victims that with their collaboration made possible for the researcher to fulfill the goal of making some contribution in the sub­ ject of rape. To those special women I give my affection and congratulations for having been so "valiant" to share their rape experience with an other woman and to permit their painful experience to serve as a learning experience for others. This study would not have been possible without the cooperation of the Police Department through their Unit of Sexual Offense. Special acknowledgments is made to Officer Jos6 Antonio Rosa F^lix, Exucutive Director of the Unit of Sexual Offense in San Juan, and Officer Carlos Colon in charge of Carolina and to the personnel integrating the different participant Units of Sexual Offense, who were very helpful in achieving this task. Heartfelt thanks to the Dean of the Social Sciences Faculty, Professor Juana Almeyda, Professor Mayra Bobonis de Cabre, Executive Director of the Welfare Department, and also my friends and colleagues of the Department of Social Welfare, for their continuous support and encouragement to pursuit this goal. In their affective attitude I found the strength to continue working. Very special thanks to two special persons in Puerto Rico that collaborated with their wise advise and constant support to make this research project a reality. First, to Dr. Pedro A. Vales, my Professor, my friend and iv colleague^ Professor of Research Sequence, Graduate School of Social Work. Dr. Pedro A. Vales was present at every stage of the process, sharing his limited time with a friendly smile and a word of support always. Thanks also to Dr. Rosa Celeste Marin, Professor Emeritus of the University of Puerto Rico and Consultant to the Puerto Rico Addiction Services Department. Dr. Marin was my advisor in the Master Thesis and again she gave a lesson of generosity, sharing her great knowledge in re­ search and giving appropriate feedback. The kindness of these two persons, Dr. Vales and Dr. Marin, and their consistent example of dedication toward the social research task has contributed to strengthen my compromise with the social work profession and social work research task. The author is also indebted with two special persons Father Miguel A. Ferrer, my personal friend and Professor Magaly Ruiz, my colleague. They have been very kind having the patience to read and edit this work and I thank them for their continuous stimulus toward these effort. Thanks are also due to Mrs. Elsa Fernandez, a very special person who was my secretary since the beginning of the process for her patience, perseverance and very special collaboration. Also to Lydia E. Martinez who began working for me in the last stages of the process but whose facilit­ ating attitude helped a lot in very special moments. v Finally, the author herewith acknowledges her indebt­ edness to her former chair person Dr. Richard Medhurst whose support was of real value in the first stages of the process and whose unfortunate demise introduced a sorrowful period in my work. vi VITA NAME ........................ ZULMA V. DE URRUTIA August 25, 1947 ............. Born - San SebastiSn, Puerto Rico 1967 ........................ B.A. (Cun Laude) , University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, Major Field: Sociology; Minor: Political Sciences 1967-1968 .................. Social Worker in charge of the Rio Grande School, District in the Social Work Area. Also acted as Social Worker in the Head Start Program (Summer) 1969 M.S.W. (Magna Cum Laude), University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. 1970-1972 .................. School Social Worker in Rio Piedras School District, at different school levels: elementary, intermediate, and superior. Field Instructor to Social Work Students Graduate School of Social Work, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. 1972-1974 .................. General Supervisor of Social Work, in charge of the Division of Social Psychiatric and Psychology Services, Follow Through Program, Department of Education, Hato Rey, Puerto Rico. Social Work Consultant of the Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Learning Disability Problems in Children, Puerto Rico. vii General Supervisor in Social Work, in charge of the Social Work Services of the Head Start Program island wide in Puerto Rico (Summer). 1972 ........................ Additional Studies in Supervision and Curriculum Development, University of Puerto Rico, Graduate Studies in Education. 1974-1975 .................. Executive Director in charge of the Social Welfare Department Metropolitan University College in Puerto Rico. Coordinator of seven academic programs in Social Welfare Department.