14W WWU n~orsiu3rim-6n"nn"pda"n%w*r91 np.~aoani~nnnuwu $iunaoaGmuim~eiYnriw"uw 4w n%or3nm.san~n% Pest Risk Analysis of Jujube Imported into Thailand Y 40 v]~~l~lb~l~~l~~~7 au'n Y&bfi bbuadiuwn!u" Bactrocera aquilonis (May), B. neohumeralis (Hardy), B. tryoni (Froggatt), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), C. rosa Karsch bbi7:WUDUbQlzWa Carposina sasakii Matsumura, Lobesia bonan Denis & Schiffermiiller fl?l~b~~~dl~~~nd6 9 ~u'n%6bbfi LWGUWDU Aspidiotus nerii Boucht, Ceroplastesjaponicus Green, Lepidosaphes ulmi 9 9 (Linneaus), Parlatoria oleae ColvCe IW~U%~Hercinothrips femoralis (Reuter) .bbt~%b%~il . Yd I4 Nectria rigidiuscuh Berk. & Broome ~~~l~d~lnlb~~d~W~~~l~~~l~~ll~~~~ld~d~~~8~d ynsi (Jujube) ~9uldwai!sp?suuui~naip(a~~diiuud~n~bunisnY1 lk~iZiziphus rnauritiana iin: Z. jujube d1w?udls:m~~nuiin1~i1i~1ernan6~09w,wria1na1b13m?jd3za1au d 44 0 auliwiu iin:nwmwwrii ~nuiii&ainds:mduuiniqn ainnnmuiiG1 3 2547 wuji dr:mnl~uiininiii4iernanyw~id~:uim 200 riu lai?Iurlariidr:uim 6 fiiuuin (diGn n?~~uw"~iin:iriqfl13ifl'L1~3,2547) U0flaIni Z. jujube ~du~n~8iofj1u'-i~a13 !nu - $14 ~1iauG~~iwsdwiiu6n6u1rniiazm~aaa0ud1w?u~u~1~al~~ai~~~na1nd~:iwn~uld drzina"bu2niae1 ~~p~uwnanwns~~~n~niiwn'~6a~nn~ni?Iu~~~~~~~um~udr:ninn~:n~a~in~mr iinzawn5d its9 iiiwunw"~iin:wiw:einiiwd~~~iwuai?Iu~~~o~~iu Gounia"~iinzdaulu a,- o, a 9 a rnuwr:riaGtppnnwa w.a 2507 (a~ui5) w.n. 2550 n~ro~~~mi~n~iwsn~r~~i~i?IuA~~ d~unr:uaun~r~mr~z~na~ui~u~Zm~w"aiiaz~~wund~u!uni~iii~~i~u~~u&!iiiiu'un13 4amn:ininnui~u~Zm2w"a~o~yn~iiiiG~ 1~~iiim~dr~n~6i~~1X!ir1~~~im~w"~6~nn~n1w ad 0, bni~i?IuPin2w'afin&uo~~wriiiiGiim:~iwunu1~rn1~4n1rna1ui~~~~m~w"a~~wu1zau 0,9 dd9 diw?umri~iGiywr~a~nA~~dr:iwnn~nun~riiiGilu~a~Guiinzlu~u~nmTnul4iZmr 4 amr1z~1ulnmr~iuu1uia1~d1w?uu1mrn1r~6~~u1~uw"a(International Standards for 9. Phytosanitary Measures: ISPM) QGU~2 iii-?!un?d; 1 it89 ~IL~U:iidiw?umr?inriz~naiu iZudb$ia (FAO, 2005) iinza~~mrq~uu~u~ai~d~w?uu~mrn~~q"~~u~Guw"aaflui 11 9. a im'!unkti 1 009 n~r?inr~zinaiuidu~~m~w"a~n~uraud~ni~~in~~~ina~ui~u~wi~ nmwiianhu (FAO, 2004) ~0~ndli~:l~i~u~dn~iu~i~5~wi~5wuiniam~?iauaGpI~~u mroonnpszi~uun4un~wu1u1in:?ain1rd1w?un1ri1iGi~nr1~1nd1~drziwnA0!d 1. ~l~3jll~~l~7%l~dl~?~~l~~fl1~~~0~l~~w"~(International Standards for 9 1 Phytosanitary Measures: ISPM) Qlj~i2 iiRvnZSlti 1 $09 iii~~uziiBiw?unir aamrizinaiuidusZmfi 2. u~mrg~uu~u~n~~~w~~u~~rn~rqu~u~~uw"anGui i 1 ii~lunfdi it0-l nir aawn:liPlaiui~u~Z~~w"~6n6u~aud~nir?inriz~naiuiau~wi~aniwiianfi~u A 3. ~Pio81w~rns'imsir~naiutduaaw~~"awiu~~uanisuotoy~~q~o~~nu~w"a 5'Z~~ldd5~6~1Ff(IPPC: International Plant Protection Convention) (FAO, 2007) 4. nuani~mr~msir~na1~1tdu~~m~~~~6uo~oon~ms~~u(BA, 2007) Rnoud 1 ms$uXu?msizinin?iut~u~a'wew"a(Stage 1: Initiation ofpest ~isk~nalysis) Rnoud 2 nir~rr~~unrnuldu~~n~~"~(Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment) 9 bu'uneodw" 3 nis~nmsnaiuaiiuda'n~w"a(Stage 3: Pest risk management) iuirnsud I nisdu~u~iuslzGnaiulip1d~irn7~v 1.1 6inungn8u~uua~nis?bnsiz~naiu~duda'n~w"aoiolgubqw"a ~~umdd A A L$aorln~<iui niarnmunauluuiuuosdsz~w~a.rmua6dEunishn"uw"a 1 A4 1.2 fiinunwunnozd~msitnsirinaiu~du~a'm~w"~ 1.3 nsaonouiilnuiinisilnsir~naiu~$~~Tnua'n~w"ai#um.~Anzw"a n9o 9 6A6 uTuuiuuosijui6ounio"bi w'sniu1udsrawaaaarIuii~dsz~nansmwunisAitCiunis 4amnzin.nuldud~~w"auibba"a nsa~nou~i~~~iina~u~nu~~nun~u~sni~u~~~~n~s~Ii 9 9 4 adosainnmwolol~1iuu~~~la~~n1w"eisminaiuafiu~d~$~unisiiboinis?bnsirinaiubdudoin d'ums8i~1~w"rilnPiouEun90a'nlw"a~mdouiiu uiIGliuduiddaunio~~wun iuirniui 2 nis~srl~unairrl~p1~a"irn~w"v ~i~u'unir?msi:inaiu~~utl~w"a~lsdiuiarlnu'lGw'nnlnmdnirdszlu'una~u 9 1 ~~u.r~nlw"amuuins~iuuiuiai~8iwiuuimsnisnuauiriu~.a~ljud11 ilnYlunidQ 1 (FAO, 2004) ~lnz~doms?~nsi:~naiu~duda'n~w"~(FAO, 2007 llnr BA, 2007) iunoumr 9 dw 2 'JbFl9lZWfldU 2.1 mr0illundrrmw12w"(pest categorization) dwuuuwnsi 664 dP 2.1.1 ~un~~sausaus~~~ouo~~-~uaan~~~~u~u~~~~u~n~~~s~oin AI au wnnuib qiuuYnynR'nqQa iin nislonmr?airnsii~q nuitanno 2.1.2 Goismi~mn~ua'm~w"adu ~unaIs lain iiunidu ila: si duXu a 2.1.3 ~U~~~IU~~~~URUOS~'~~~M~~LL~~ZT<~?$ll6 ~il?~~lffl~&TD mrip! i~niwwinsroiuriauu~s~ad~niirnui~i~u ~lnrlduwinrue.r~~w"aaCin$u w?oli Y 2.2 nl3ds:i~u~nuniwnls~~lulnil$.rissnsin ii~:~i3bi~~3:¶Jl~(Assessment for probability of entry. establishment and spread) UO~~@~~W~ISI~U~~I~VIR~ 4 d ii3iu~ocin2wawlAain402.1.5 u1d~~it~lo~1n~ot;~~w"~lpdni~i41~~1id 49 (International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures: ISPM) DfiUd 2 LLaZ 11 l~fJw'015Nl dd 4 4 ilnbdicy diirlringiuvns'iwuifiinm~wiao~o~8 2.2.1 ni~d~:Bu~narnwnisbGiuii3unisds:iu'u~onind~in~w"ao:d:duui u do riui#~w1th~w"~i&~1l~d~:i~fil~1~~~QWJ&I~I~'QI~~UI l8~ii5:u:nisiofndiRulndD naiu~~ud~~ihuifil~wa~~~iiii~irinvm:nirn'nihu1611waw,w31 naiuuindiulunis &$a (Potential economic consequence) U~~~~IWMII 2.4.1 8mEw"v5n~diin~~~~~ualu~s~uqa(High risk) dmsdan'ntiudodlu njudikiti 8mEw"vn'nriu$~niri~iui"uoa8mzw"vbnd1d~udr:bwa~nuo~ii~~~n'nwnnr:nu dornrdaoond2u~~ra5udu~iwaiuvGn~la:iiwnnr:nums~a~v~n"odonirera"mbba:/w?o nmwu3nQu ui.rdr:ma#iuniriibGiw"voi8u"uo~8m2w"v5n5udodlunjud i?nlw"v5n5u'lun ju;uwvoi~~ulf!uiiuauuinad 4 uonoin~:i~na~u~iiuniu ynnoii.rluladuinbiia ~~iinai~~iiuniuoiia~u~~~~~u~v~~~u~u&aub~u~~ua~u~nuiv oi~umditui~uivdinaiurii~~rnalarv~iio"uoan~~:~nalnu~~iviini+iumdidiinaiu liudgada:~niGiui5uwnuosynn iirnuirndo:viinirmr~onouw"v~X~aonoinpin~w"v 9 ~ndidl~~u?tmrn~~onou&aumibddi(visual inspection) w?onirCnmrmulu~lda~d~n 1~ud~oadiu5tn15KiCn8m~w"viiun"n5uw"v(Quarantine treatment) dinw1:lviiiu $4~: mu~rnn~~:~u~~~ubduaaao~~ur:~i~ldn~u~rndoa~u~~o~~abwu~~nuuo~?u~& (Appropriate level of protection, ALOP) 2.4.2 ~i~1~w"~hti~d~~3l~b~~d1~5:~~dlUn~n.l(Medium risk) %zw'%f%h dod'lun judl&lA dm2w"v5niiu$dmrb~iui"uoa8m2w"vbwdid~udr:bna~wuozii~~bn'nwa nrzwuionirdaeon l~~~~l~~l~d~:b91~~~~~1W~~db~~1~b~1~~~~~~1b~~~15~~~~~18~ 9 9 ~od&~w"%~n~b~dldfi8~d96~flmr~G~u~~oaim~w'vl~nju~ii~an~~~uw~aiar~~n'oi~ niswtm~iaz/wioaniw~~ana"ou 2.4.3 ~m~~1%~;nti~di;flaiuLiuq1u3:<uAi(Low risk) 8F1~~%f%ti~i(ld1U A Y ndud lhri Pinrw"%5n5u.a.rmri$~lnvs~8nzd.a~wri~d~udr:mn~numui~oo:fio~fibfi~ wnnr:~um~~~rtr~fiolun~~wa"n~~a:~~ionn~w~~ama"ou~ur:~udlriniui~~uou?u~i 8mgw"%h~u~un~udiiflaiub~uWiuSubb~~'L1uw"%8i~u%~m6u~~~y~ mu ~y~n~fiutdu-lw".ao~8u~:<u~s.r(Secondary host) ~iiff~UPR~IUL#U.I~UI:~UAI~O:S~~~U"I m5uwauesynn ~u~:uuni~~mnisdflmu1ubbda~d~flbbn:r:p1~1fli~~mfli~fi~ud~88n muisndn:vCmk2w"nrSundudoonoinaiauuo9waw,p13i18 2.4.4 8~li~rin5~diifl~~~bd~~l~~~~~di~i~(Very low risk): ~~tl~w"%5n5~d od'lundud lnYllfi ~l~.a~~udi;s~u~iu~uo~~uuuai~u~avo~w,niiiilriiinunun31u b~~~~W~~~~~9lUfl21~b~~~i~bb~~lfl31~b~Wl~~8~~l~~~~~~W~~w"%8i~~%~~~~ wansdoinmrw'aironii8m2w"~fui;8nuniwni~b5u8mZw"~5n5u n3:uaunis?msi:rifl3iubiu98n2w"%o:~ib~ufli3io~d n3ainnrw"%Alriii9fildnu~~miudd w * Pdd molbistfiuGn2w"~5n5uns:u~un1r3m~i:riflaiub~u9Gn~w"~o:~S ar tiLnou~ nrarGu d dw a9 bplrilAu.rwa ~~~'~l3~ld3~L~~~~9~%8~9~~bb~:~lb~~~13~bfl3l~~fl31~b~~98~~w"% dold i?u'unsuii ms~.u~u"atnmzdnai.ut~usa"m~w"'tl 1.1 mr~~u&u;uilnn:inaiu~du~~m2w".a~do~uioinni~d?ud2~~~n"?unQwuiuAiu w4 w a hhw".a~nutiiwunlX~wni;aoiuniw~8u~.rXo~Xiumiuw~zialioJoJmnnw.a an. 2507 w4or 4 niTIulw"ul~uwrznarjndoJnnnw.a (nliud 2) w.n. 2542 (~rzninn~zw~~.~~n~mri~azawn~Bi 6to.r ti~wunw".a~~nzaiwzoinuw~~ifiiwun~8ui~~o~Xiu Counl{u uazlieu~umiu 9 4 arz31.au'o?<s;nW".a w.n 2507 (nliud 5) a.~.2550) n1ri1~u1~wonirtii~1~8u~o~i1un1~ 9~~ns1zin~1u~~u.r8m~w".a~~azfi1wun~~ou1"~n1rC1~G1~dufiou n't~ul.rl~dirn~dn~i 4~m~~zin~~u~~u~~m~w".au~.ryw~~C~~~~~~~ow~iu~~n~m~w".an'nn'u~~az~~wun~~uaw~.rwio 9 4 ~nmsnir~mni~n~iu~#u~~m~w~w~wuizau4 A lftndostiu~m~w'ahullrsdoioWnuitiuwaywn Cini9aa ~.rooii~8umr3mnzina1u~#u~~inn1~dfud~~u~uuiu~~oaf1~drzZwb"n1~lu~1u rintiui7.a ~~~z~#um~~b~w"nrozWn~Ciu~~owa~w~~dd~n~~un~~~~C~~Ciuio~nd~~d~z~wn ~ftani=iu?%nn Y ., 1.2 w"uCiCi~ziini~l~~~iz~naiu~#u~~m~w".a~o~drz1wnhu.7 Y 1.3 o~nmsn~~onoumn~ona~~~~azBu"o%~,ad~~q vi-rlud3zmn11azdiqdsz~wn wuii ijni~i~nsiz~n~iu~#u.r~m~w".adiw?uni~w"~Ci~~iw".a~Gndunddins'uwaaaqwsi~~~d~nuij rnrlm3izin3iul#ud8m2w"~uifiou 2.1 nis~i66undszmw~~w".a(Pest Categorization) ~WUUU~YISI Y Y wam~Rnlnr~u~~uCo%~,a~m~w".a(uo~w,w~iwuiil2ywnijiiu~uCdih 90 (FllSldi 1) 1illfi (I) 13 9 lfG~(2) IlUtld 61 .aGn 0~l~6u&lColeoptera 6 lf5~6~n'll B Diptera v-1l~uliuad~uwalfiddwun12 TGR i?~thHerniptera (IIUP~II~VI~ 1Wiu66dd llnz Y lV'lz~~8~)27 PIGR g~n'llLepidoptera 15 .aGn IIEI:~U~~Thysanoptera (IW~U~YI)1 '%GR (3) YY ~~uniizu1 .aGn (4) 14331 16 Tiin (5) ~~4.a3 .a~n IU~IU--~G.~ZU 90 .a~nISU;~~~ iiaiuwa 42 .aGn ~~az~nu~iu~uIud~z~wn1wu~~a"a55 Kin (m1519d 2) 4 d ~m~anw%danu~siu~iuiiwuludrz~wn1wu~~aziiaiuwayw~ii41uau 13 .aGn 9 9 1~6lfiLLIJ~STUNW~PJ Bactrocera aguiloni , B.