TANZANIA COMMISSION FOR UNIVERSITIES (TCU) Handbook for Standards and Guidelines for University Education in Tanzania December 2019 The Tanzania Commission for Universities, 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, without permission in writing from the Tanzania Commission for Universities. ISBN: 978978 -- 99769976 - - 9353 9353 - -3 1 - -1 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................... iv PREFACE ................................................................................................................ vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................... ix PRELIMINARIES ................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 CONTEXT AND RATIONALE ............................................................................... 4 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................. 4 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................... 5 PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................ 5 DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................... 8 PART 1 .................................................................................................................. 17 GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS .......................................... 17 Institutional Governance ................................................................................... 17 Institutional Management ................................................................................. 18 Governance and Management Structures ...................................................... 19 Institutional Growth ........................................................................................... 20 Strategic Planning ............................................................................................... 20 Staffing Levels ...................................................................................................... 20 Community Engagement ................................................................................... 21 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES ............................................................ 21 PART 2 .................................................................................................................. 37 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ACCREDITATION .......................................... 37 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 37 i National, Regional and International Contexts ............................................. 38 Scope ...................................................................................................................... 39 Approval versus Accreditation of Programmes ............................................ 39 Programme Benchmarks ................................................................................... 40 Market Survey in Programme Development................................................. 40 Tracer Studies ...................................................................................................... 41 Prior Demand for Qualified Staff for New Programmes ............................. 41 Involvement of Professional Bodies and Registration Agencies .............. 42 Efficiency in Accreditation of Programmes ................................................... 42 Accreditation/Re-Accreditation of Universities ........................................... 43 Ranking of Universities ...................................................................................... 43 Purpose of the Standards and Guidelines ...................................................... 44 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES ............................................................ 44 PART 3 .................................................................................................................. 74 UNDERGRADUATE ADMISSION, PROGRAMMES AND AWARDS ........ 74 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 74 Context ................................................................................................................... 75 Scope ...................................................................................................................... 76 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .......................................................... 77 PART 4 ................................................................................................................ 121 POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, RESEARCH AND INNOVATION ............... 121 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 121 Context ................................................................................................................. 121 Scope .................................................................................................................... 122 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .......................................................... 123 ii PART 5 ................................................................................................................ 152 STAFFING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT ................................................ 152 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 152 Context ................................................................................................................. 152 Scope .................................................................................................................... 153 Academic Staff Qualifications and Recruitment ......................................... 154 Academic Staff Work Load .............................................................................. 154 Career Development ......................................................................................... 155 Review of Staff Publications and Academic Staff Promotion .................. 155 Engagement of a Retired Professor as Professor Emeritus ..................... 156 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .......................................................... 157 PART 6 ................................................................................................................ 199 PHYSICAL RESOURCES .................................................................................. 199 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 199 Context ................................................................................................................. 199 Scope .................................................................................................................... 200 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .......................................................... 200 PART 7 ................................................................................................................ 220 OPEN, DISTANCE AND E-LEARNING .......................................................... 220 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 220 Context ................................................................................................................. 220 Scope .................................................................................................................... 221 THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .......................................................... 222 iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ASG-QA African Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Higher Education AU African Union BMLS Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Science BPharm Bachelor of Pharmacy BVM Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine CEO Chief Executive Officer CSEE Certificate of Secondary Education Examination CVCPT Committee of Vice Chancellors, Principals and Provosts in Tanzania DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery DVC Deputy Vice Chancellor DVC-ARC Deputy Vice Chancellor - Academic, Research and Consultancy EAC East African Community GPA Grade Point Average HEAC Higher Education Accreditation Council ICT Information and Communication Technology INQAAHE International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies for Higher Education IUCEA Inter-University Council for East Africa MA Master of Arts MD Doctor of Medicine MDent Master of Dentistry MMed Master of Medicine iv MoU Memorandum of Understanding MSc Master of Science NACTE National Council for Technical Education NECTA National Examination Council of Tanzania ODeL Open, Distance and electronic Learning PhD Doctor of Philosophy QA Quality Assurance RPL Recognition of Prior Learning SADC Southern African Development Community