ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY (Accredited with ‘A+’ Grade by NAAC (with CGPA: 3.64) in the Third Cycle and Graded As category - I University by MHRD-UGC) (A State University Established by the Government of Tamilnadu) KARAIKUDI – 630 003 DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION M.A HISTORY Second Year – Third Semester HISTORY OF INDIA FROM 1707 to 11947 A.D. 32131 Copy Right Reserved For Private Use only Author: Dr.AR. Sarvanakumar Head i/c., Department of History Alagappa University Karaikudi “The Copyright shall be vested with Alagappa University” All rights reserved. No part of this publication which is material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or transmitted or utilized or stored in any form or by any means now known or hereinafter invented, electronic, digital or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu. Reviewer: Dr. S. Rajavelu Adjunct Faculty Department of History Alagappa University Karaikudi SYLLABI-BOOK MAPPING TABLE History of India from 1707to11947 AD Mapping in SYLLABI Book BLOCK I: ESTABLISHMENT OF BRITISH RULE IN INDIA 1-10 UNIT 1 Establishment Of British Settlements In India, Anglo- French Rivalry, The Carnatic Wars – Causes And Results UNIT 2 Company’s Ascendancy In Bengal, Battle Of Plassey, Battle Of 11-30 Buxar, Robert Clive As The Governer Of Bengal, Double Government 31-49 UNIT 3 Growth Of British East India Company Through Acts, Regulating Act, Pitt’s India Act, Charter Act Of 1813, 1833 & 1853 50-73 UNIT 4 Colonialism In India, Governor Generals And Their Policies, Permanent Settlement, Subsidiary Alliance 74-86 BLOCK II: REFORMS IN INDIA AND INDIAN REVOLT UNIT 5 Reforms Of Bentinck, Doctrine Of Lapse, Impact Of Doctrine Of Lapse, Anglo-Mysore War 87-103 UNIT 6 Anglo–Maratha War, Anglo Busmese War, Anglo Sikh Wars UNIT 7 Anglo Afghan Wars, The Revolt Of 1857, Causes, Course, 104-118 Results BLOCK-III: TANSITION POWER AND VICEROYS 119-133 ADMINISTRATION UNIT 8 Viceroys-Lord Canning, Lord Lytton, Lord Ripon UNIT 9 Curzon, Irwin, Louis Mountbatten, Relations With Native States, 134-167 The Act Of 1861, 1892, 1909, 1919, 1935 UNIT 10 Rise Of National Awakening, South Indian Rebellion, 1800- 168-192 1801, Vellore Mutiny, Rise Of Nationalism, Causes, Birth Of Inc, Moderates, Extremists BLOCK IV:IMPORTANT MOVEMENTS AND INDIAN 193-206 INDEPENDENCE UNIT 11 The Muslim League, Home Rule Movement, Rowlat Sathyagraha, Jallianwala Bagh Massacre UNIT12 Gandhian Era, Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Dis Obedience 207-220 Movement UNIT 13 Round Table Conferences, Individual Satyagraha, Quit India 221-232 Movement UNIT 14 netaji and ina, direct action day, partition and independence, 233-256 indian independence act CONTENTS Page No INTRODUCTION BLOCK I: ESTABLISHMENT OF BRITISH RULE IN INDIA UNIT 1 ESTABLISHMENT OF BRITISH SETTLEMENTS 1-10 IN INDIA, ANGLO- FRENCH RIVALRY, THE CARNATIC WARS – CAUSES AND RESULTS 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Establishment of British Settlements in India 1.4 Anglo- French Rivalry 1.5 The Carnatic Wars – Causes and results 1.6 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 1.7 Summary 1.8 Keywords 1.9 Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 1.10 Further Readings UNIT 2 COMPANY’S ASCENDANCY IN BENGAL, BATTLE OF PLASSEY, BATTLE OF BUXAR, ROBERT CLIVE AS THE GOVERNER OF BENGAL, DOUBLE GOVERNMENT 11-30 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Objectives 2.3 Company’s ascendancy in Bengal 2.4 Battle of Plassey 2.5 Battle of Buxar 2.6 Robert Clive as the Governer of Bengal 2.7 Double Government 2.8 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 2.9 Summary 2.10 Keywords 2.11Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 2.12 Further Readings UNIT 3 GROWTH OF BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY THROUGH ACTS, REGULATING ACT, PITT’S INDIA ACT, CHARTER ACT OF 1813, 1833 & 1853 31-49 3.1Introduction 3.2 Objectives 3.3 Growth of British East India Company through Acts 3.4 Regulating Act 3.5 Pitt’s India Act 3.6Charter Act of 1813, 1833 & 1853 3.7 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 3.8 Summary 3.9Keywords 3.10Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 3.11Further Readings UNIT 4 COLONIALISM IN INDIA, GOVERNOR GENERALS AND THEIR POLICIES, PERMANENT SETTLEMENT, SUBSIDIARY ALLIANCE 50-73 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Objectives 4.3 Colonialism in India 4.4 Governor Generals and their policies 4.5 Permanent Settlement 4.6 Subsidiary Alliance 4.5Answers to Check your Progress Questions 4.6Summary 4.7Keywords 4.8Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 4.9Further Readings BLOCK II: REFORMS IN INDIA AND INDIAN REVOLT UNIT 5 REFORMS OF BENTINCK, DOCTRINE OF LAPSE, IMPACT OF DOCTRINE OF LAPSE, ANGLO-MYSORE WAR 74-86 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Objectives 5.3 Reforms of Bentinck 5.4 Doctrine of Lapse 5.5 Impact of Doctrine of Lapse 5.6 Anglo-Mysore War 5.7Answers to Check your Progress Questions 5.8Summary 5.9Keywords 5.10Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 5.11Further Readings UNIT 6 ANGLO–MARATHA WAR, ANGLO BUSMESE WAR, ANGLO SIKH WARS 87-103 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Objectives 6.3 Anglo–Maratha War 6.4 Anglo Busmese war 6.5 Anglo Sikh Wars 6.6 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 6.7 Summary 6.8 Keywords 6.9Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 6.10 Further Readings UNIT 7 ANGLO AFGHAN WARS, THE REVOLT OF 1857, CAUSES, COURSE, RESULTS 104-118 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Objectives 7.3Anglo Afghan Wars 7.4 The Revolt of 1857 7.5 Causes 7.6 Course 7.7 Results 7.8 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 7.9 Summary 7.10 Keywords 7.11 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 7.12 Further Readings Block- III: TANSITION POWER AND VICEROYS ADMINISTRATION UNIT 8 VICEROYS-LORDS CANNING, LORD LYTTON, LORD RIPON 119-133 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Objectives 8.3 Transition of Power to Crown 8.4 Lord Canning 8.5 Lord Lytton 8.6 Lord Ripon 8.7 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 8.8 Summary 8.9 Keywords 8.10 Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 8.11 Further Readings UNIT 9 CURZON, IRWIN, LOUIS MOUNTBAT RELATIONS WITH NATIVE STATES, THE ACT OF 1861, 1892, 1909, 1919, 1935 134-167 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Objectives 9.3 Curzon 9.4 Irwin 9.5 Louis Mountbatten 9.6 Relations with Native States 9.7 The Act of 1861, 1892, 1909, 1919, 1935 9.8 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 9.9 Summary 9.10 Keywords 9.11Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 9.12 Further Readings UNIT 10 RISE OF NATIONAL AWAKENING, SOUTH INDIAN REBELLION, 1800-1801, VELLORE MUTINY, RISE OF NATIONALISM, CAUSES, BIRTH OF INC, MODERATES, EXTREMISTS 168-192 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Objectives 10.3 Rise of National Awakening 10.4 South Indian Rebellion 10.5 1800-1801 10.6 Vellore Mutiny 10.7 Rise of Nationalism 10.8 Causes 10.9 Birth of INC 10.10 Moderates 10.11 Extremists 10.12 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 10.13 Summary 10.14 Keywords 10.15Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 10.16 Further Readings Block IV:IMPORTANT MOVEMENTS AND INDIAN INEPENDENCE UNIT 11 THE MUSLIM LEAGUE, HOME RULE MOVEMENT, ROWLAT SATHYAGRAHA, JALLIANWALA BAGH MASSACRE 193-206 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Objectives 11.3 TheMuslim League 11.4 Home Rule Movement 11.5 RowlatSathyagraha 11.6 JallianwalaBagh Massacre 11.7 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 11.8 Summary 11.9 Keywords 11.10Self-Assessment Questions and Exercises 11.11 Further Readings UNIT12 GANDHIAN ERA, NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT, CIVIL DIS OBEDIENCE MOVEMENT 207-220 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Objectives 12.3 Gandhian Era 12.4 Non-Cooperation Movement 12.5 Civil Dis obedience Movement 12.6 Summary 12.7 Keywords 12.8 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 12.9 Further Readings UNIT 13 ROUND TABLE CONFERENCES, INDIVIDUAL SATYAGRAHA, QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT 221-232 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Objectives 13.3 Round Table Conferences 13.4 Individual Satyagraha 13.5 Quit India Movement 13.6 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 13.7 Summary 13.8 Keywords 13.9 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 13.10 Further Readings UNIT 14 NETAJI AND INA, DIRECT ACTION DAY, PARTITION AND 233- 256256INDEPENDENCE, INDIAN INDEPENDENCE ACT 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Objectives 14.3 Netaji and INA 14.4 Jinnah and Direct Action Day 14.5 Partition and Independence 14. 6 Indian Independence Act 14.7 Answers to Check your Progress Questions 14.8 Summary 14.9 Keywords 14.10 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 14.11 Further Readings INTRODUCTION The period between 1707 and 1947 is extremely crucial in the history of India. The advent of the Europeans for the purpose of trading later led to the invasion of the British in India who ruled over India for a long time. During the reign of the British, India was exploited for its economic resources to a great extent. However, their rule also led to various reforms in the social, educational, commercial and judicial spheres in India. The World War I and World War II played an important role in arousing the spirit of nationalism among people. Various freedom fighters fought for the Independence of the country in their own way. Finally, India became independent on 15th August 1947 and became a Republic on 26th January 1950 when the Constitution on India was enforced. This book, History of India (From 1707 to 1947 AD), is written keeping the distance learning student in mind. It is presented in a user- friendly format using clear, lucid language. Each unit contains an Introduction and a list of Objectives to prepare the student for what to expect in the text.