International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 28, No. 16, (2019), pp. 680 - 690 The Dominance Status Quo of PAS in Socio Electoral General Election 14th of Kelantan State Nur Azuki Yusuff1 and Iskandar Hasan Tan Abdullah2* 1Center for Language Studies and Generic Development, UMK, Malaysia 2Faculty Administrative Science and Policy Studies, UiTM Kelantan, Malaysia Abstract PAS has dominated the influence of the Kelantan people in the by-election. In order to anticipate the position of PAS in the15th General Election, early electoral socio-economic analysis was conducted taking into account the discussion and observation approach throughout the General Election 14th. Based on the findings through observations and group discussions as well as debates on current issues, the authors conclude that the resilience of the PAS status quo is due to several factors. In addition, PAS is also faced with the slightest opportunity in the event of unforeseen circumstances. The changing trends in the next general elections of electoral socioeconomic patterns in Kelantan are the opportunities any party to rule this state from PAS. Keywords: status quo, 15th General Election, PAS, people’s hope, Kelantan 1. Introduction Kelantan was once dubbed the "The Sum of Malaysian Politics" by Mohd Asri in his opening speech at the 4th PAS Special Convention (1977). The uniqueness of Kelantan Politics was once expressed by Frank Swettenham and W.R. Roff as follows: “The people of this place have certain peculiar customs of which it may be mentioned that though they are Muhammadans, the women move about as freely as the men”. Meanwhile, William R. Roff stated that: “The Islamic States of Kelantan, in north-east corner of Mainland Malaysia bordering Southern Thailand, has existed as a locus of power in the peninsula for a least a thousand years, it paddy farmers and fishermen today constitute one of lar General Election concentrations of peasant Malay population in Malaysia. This…has undoubtedly given it many of its more important social-cultural characteristics. For many Malaysians and others, Kelantan has come—like Bali or Acheh in Indonesia—to symbolize remoteness and independence, physical, beauty and cultural vitality, allied with economic underdevelopment, religious peculiarity, and political radicalism” [8], [10]. Kelantan's privilege general elections are in many respects not only General Election graphically, but socially and politically [2], [9]. The uniqueness of Kelantan is reflected in its history of political literacy. Historical sketches at the 2018 General Election saw PAS dominate Kelantan. Although Malaysia was hit by a political tsunami in 14th General Election, PAS still maintained its status quo. Since 1990, political unrest and political unrest have not affected the support of the Kelantan majority in support of PAS. Thus, this paper highlights the importance of maintaining the status quo for the coming General Election 15th even though it is now seen through a prolong General Election phase of turmoil. To illustrate the development of political power in Kelantan, here is a brief discussion on political literacy in Kelantan during the past 14th General Election. Political literacy in Kelantan briefly began with the First General Election in 1955. UMNO under the Alliance has won all its contested areas in Kelantan [10]. However, the first election after the Independence of Malaya (August 1959), saw the victory of the Islamic party (PAS) to form a government in Kelantan as siting beginning legacy control 18 PAS state assemblymen under the leadership of Zulkifli Muhammad, Muhammad ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST Copyright ⓒ 2019 SERSC 680 International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 28, No. 16, (2019), pp. 680 - 690 Asri, and Ishak Lotfi Haji Omar. In the 1964 election, the PAS party successfully maintained the features of the state government. The same is true in the next election (1969). During that time, Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah had challenged the dominance of PAS in Kelantan politics. But the tragedy of 13th May 1969 had changed the way of Kelantan politics. Aftermath, a coalition government with UMNO (Alliance party) and PAS has occurred from 1970 until 1977. Despite that, PAS remained in control of the State level until the 1976 general election. In the year of 1977, PAS was separated from the National Front in Kelantan state government because the crisis of mistrust toward the Kelantan Chief Minister’s [1]. In the 1978 elections, the National Front took control of Kelantan with the support of the ruling party. Similarly, the 1982 and 1986 general elections, Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah, played a key role in empowering Kelantan UMNO. His leadership conflicts with Mahathir sparked the split of Kelantan UMNO and the establishment of the Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (a coalition of PAS and Semangat 46) that took over the state government in the 1990 general election. Since 1990, PAS has maintained Kelantan as the central state opposition state to this day. In the 1995 General Election, PAS was strengthened under a coalition of parties with the Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah. However, the coalition with the Semangat 46 did not last long and split the following year. Nik Abdul Aziz Hajj Nik Haji Nik Mat has led the Kelantan government in every subsequent election [6]. In the 12th General Election, the National Front won only the parliament of its caliber candidates Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah and Mustapha Mohamed with 6 UMNO assemblymen against People Pact, a new coalition between PAS and PKR (2008 General Election Report). Meanwhile in the General Election 13th (2013) also in favor of People Pact [7]. Please refer to the 12th General Election and 13th General Election in Table 1. Table 1. The Results of the 12th General Election and 13th General Election Parliamentary Seats in Kelantan Parliament GE Party Total Majority Winner NF PAS PKR Independence Votes Party Tumpat 12 27,337 36,714 64,051 9,377 PAS 13 35,527 46,151 82,961 10,624 PAS Pasir Mas 12 19,682 28,673 48,355 8,991 PAS 13 33,431 25,384 60,210 8,047 PAS Bachok 12 25,934 28,835 54,769 2,901 PAS 13 35,218 35,419 70,637 201 PAS Pasir 12 28,365 24,397 52,762 3,968 BN Puteh 13 31,691 33,579 65,270 1,888 PAS Kuala 12 18,578 23,562 42,140 4,984 PAS Krai 13 25,876 27,919 53,795 2,043 PAS Pengkalan 12 15,452 26,763 42,215 11,311 PAS Chepa 13 19,497 34,617 54,982 15,120 PAS Rantau 12 14,858 19,344 330 34,532 4,486 PAS Panjang 13 17,448 23,724 41,934 6,276 PAS Ketereh 12 21,338 21,738 43,076 400 PAS 13 26,912 25,938 52,850 974 BN Machang 12 19,581 21,041 40,622 1,460 PKR 13 25,660 24,855 50,515 805 BN Gua 12 14,063 9,669 23,732 4,394 BN Musang 13 21,367 12,954 34,321 8,413 BN Kota 12 20,841 32,129 52,970 11,288 PAS Bharu 13 24,650 40,620 148 66,274 15,970 PAS Kubang 12 16,537 27,179 43,716 10,642 PAS ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST Copyright ⓒ 2019 SERSC 681 International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 28, No. 16, (2019), pp. 680 - 690 Kerian 13 18,769 35,510 54,279 16,741 PAS Tanah 12 15,970 17,554 1,439 34,963 1,584 PAS Merah 13 26,505 22,278 213 48,996 4,227 BN Jeli 12 17,168 12,732 29,900 4,436 BN 13 21,345 16,009 37,354 5,336 BN After the death of Nik Abdul Aziz, Kelantan's political pattern in Kelantan has changed entirely with People Pact's rise in the Malaysia politics player along with National Front. The PAS split resulted in the birth of the PAN (Parti Amanah Negara) under Husam Musa in Kelantan and its alliance with Hope Pact. The 14th general election saw a fierce 3-point contest in Kelantan between PAS, National Front (UMNO) and People’s Pact (PAN). Various situations are arise, including which party was the 'King Maker' in ruling Kelantan. PAS leadership has actually attacked PAN more than UMNO in the campaign period. PAN as a new party under the coalition of People’s Pact is trying to repel attacks from PAS. They realize how difficult it is to attract the older generation voters, so they seek to attract younger generations and middle-class voters while establishing many party branches. In fact, the 14th General Election results in Kelantan are still in favor of PAS. Just look at the following in Table 2. Table 2. 14th General Election Results of the 14 Parliamentary Seats in Kelantan Parliamentary Party Total Majority Winner NF PAS PAN/PH Ind Votes Party Tumpat 29,541 47,041 10,003 87,987 17,500 PAS Pasir Mas 15,005 28,080 5,093 5,373 54,783 13,075 PAS Bachok 32,896 36,188 4,880 75,112 3,292 PAS Pasir Puteh 30,947 32,307 5,819 69,073 1,360 PAS Kuala Krai 20,991 28,903 5,173 55,928 7,912 PAS Pengkalan 19,360 32,592 7,435 60,126 13,232 PAS Chepa Rantau 18,431 24,581 5,361 49,198 6,150 PAS Panjang Ketereh 25,467 20,841 6,799 53,888 4,626 BN Machang 26,076 23,252 5,695 55,824 2,824 BN Gua Musang 19,426 15,513 4,997 40,884 3,913 BN Kota Bharu 16,256 28,291 22,422 67,658 5,869 PAS Kubang Kerian 16,251 35,620 11,557 64,163 19,369 PAS Tanah Merah 28,152 25,223 5733 59,108 2,929 BN Jeli 21,665 15,018 2,078 39,161 6,647 BN Source: Malaysian Election Commission 2018.