THE ANALYSIS OF THE DRIVING FACTORS OF TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY FROM ASSERTIVENESS TO PRAGMATISM IN CASE OF TURKEY – ISRAEL RECONCILIATION ON THE MAVI MARMARA FLOTILLA INCIDENT (2010 – 2016) By MUHAMMAD ADNAN FATRON ID No. 016201300101 A Thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University in partial fulfillment of the requirement of Bachelor Degree in International Relations Major in Security and Strategic Defense Studies 2017 THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER Thesis entitled “THE ANALYSIS OF THE DRIVING FACTORS OF TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY FROM ASSERTIVENESS TO PRAGMATISM IN CASE OF TURKEY – ISRAEL RECONCILIATION ON THE MAVI MARMARA FLOTILLA INCIDENT (2010 – 2016)” prepared and submitted by Muhammad Adnan Fatron in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in the Faculty of Humanities had been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, January 24th 2017. Recommended and Acknowledged by, Drs. Teuku Rezasyah, M.A., Ph.D. i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis entitled “THE ANALYSIS OF THE DRIVING FACTORS OF TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY FROM ASSERTIVENESS TO PRAGMATISM IN CASE OF TURKEY – ISRAEL RECONCILIATION ON THE MAVI MARMARA FLOTILLA INCIDENT (2010-2016)” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, January 24th 2017 Muhammad Adnan Fatron ii ABSTRACT Title: The Analysis of The Driving Factors of Turkish Foreign Policy From Assertiveness to Pragmatism In Case of Turkey – Israel Reconciliation on The Mavi Marmara Flotilla Incident (2010-2016) Turkey and Israel had a good diplomatic relations and cooperated in any spheres for decades since 1949, but the incident of the attack towards Turkish flotilla, Mavi Marmara in 2010 by the Israeli Defense Forces, which was in a humanitarian mission to Gaza led to the death of some Turkish people, and the incident made relations between the two states deteriorated. Turkey downgraded its diplomatic status with Israel into minimum level and severed all forms of cooperation with Israel. They required some demands to Israel as a condition for returning a normal diplomatic relations, and if Israel did not fulfill all the demands, the relationship between the two countries will never be normal. But the change of behavior occurred in Turkey where they remained to reconcile the relationship with Israel, despite conditions that are enforceable to Israel has not been completed. The Factors influencing changes in Turkey's foreign policy in reconciling with Israel will be analyzed in this paper explicitly. Foreign policy case study will use one theory approach to foreign policy, namely, "Rational Choice Theory". Period of time taken for this study were taken from 2010 until 2016, precisely after Mavi Marmara attack in 2010 until the reconciliation took place in 2016. This research is a descriptive and analytical uses a qualitative approach through bilateral relations between Turkey and Israel Keywords: Mavi Marmara, Reconciliation, Foreign policy, Diplomacy, Palmer Report. iii ABSTRAK Judul: Analisa Faktor-faktor Penyebab Kebijakan Luar Negeri Turki Dari Sikap Tegas ke Pragmatis Terhadap kasus rekonsiliasi Turki dan Israel dalam Insiden Kapal Mavi Marmara (2010-2016). Turki dan Israel memiliki sejarah hubungan diplomasi yang baik dan telah menjalani kerjasama dalam berbagai bidang selama puluhan tahun sejak 1949, tetapi kejadian penyerangan Kapal Turki, Mavi Marmara pada tahun 2010 oleh tentara Israel yang saat itu sedang dalam misi kemanusiaan ke Gaza menyebabkan matinya beberapa rakyat Turki, dan kejadian ini membuat hubungan kedua negara memburuk. Turki memutuskan semua bentuk kerjasama dengan Israel dan memberikan beberapa tuntutan kepada Israel sebagai syarat kembali normalnya hubungan diplomasi antar keduanya, dan apabila Israel tak memenuhi semua tuntutan maka hubungan antar kedua negara tidak akan pernah kembali normal. Namun perubahan sikap terjadi pada Turki dimana ia tetap melakukan rekonsiliasi dengan Israel walaupun syarat yang dituntutkan kepada Israel tidak dipenuhi seluruhnya. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan kebijakan luar negeri Turki dalam melakukan rekonsiliasi dengan Israel akan dianalisa dalam skripsi ini secara eksplisit. Penelitian kasus kebijakan luar negeri akan menggunakan salah satu teori pendekatan kebijakan luar negeri yaitu,”Rational Choice Theory”. Jangka waktu yang diambil untuk penelitian ini diambil dari tahun 2010 sampai 2016, lebih tepatnya setelah kasus penyerangan Kapal Mavi Marmara di tahun 2010 sampai terjadinya rekonsiliasi di tahun 2016. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang deskriptif dan analitis yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui hubungan bilateral Turki dan Israel. Kata Kunci: Mavi Marmara, Rekonsiliasi, Kebijakan Luar Negeri, Diplomasi. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All praise be to Allah SWT Who has given me mercies and blesses until today I can breathe the beauty world you created for me. Shalawat and Salam to my hero, Prophet Muhammad SAW who has being my role model in my life. Finally I could finish my thesis in this year, and I hope it could be benefit for me and others people around me. A very hard effort to realize this thesis, admitting myself would not finished this final assignment without any people surrounding me, who gave me support, time, effort, praying and love. The people mentioned below were coloring my life during the process of writing my thesis. 1. My Parent, Mom and Dad are the greatest reason why I should finish this thesis and continue my journey to be a Man and bring you to my dream. Thank you for your support every second my life, never forget to pray for me, checking my thesis process and gave financial support during my study in university. I promise to make you happy and proud of me, I ask Allah every praying to gather all of us in His Jannah. 2. Part of my soul, Fety Nur Fitri, who has been loyal to support me every day, your support to me could not satisfy me, I still need your support until the day of our last time in the earth, we reach success in Dunya and Jannah together. If my Parent is the greatest reason to finish my Thesis, you are the greatest ever reason for me to finish my thesis on time. 3. My thesis supervisor, Mr. Teuku Rezasyah and Mrs. Witri Elvianti thank you for all your guidance to me. Knowledge, critics, support and evaluation you gave to me could not be forgotten easily. Moreover, the spending time to guide me is so meaningful, I hope Allah will bless you every day. 4. My sister Lathifatussyifa, you always be my hope to help me anything, support how to do my thesis, guide and correct the wrong of my thesis process. I hope you will be a good Muslimah and raise your dream easily. 5. My greatest ever partner, M Akbar Charisma. A brother who has the most time of spending thesis working process. My roommate and one of the kind v friend that I ever met. Library, room and Wifi will always be our loyal friend in accompanying us to be a thesis fighter. 6. Kosan PLN F2, we through this university life since 2013, and you guys always be my life history. I hope each of us could reach the dream easily and it would bring benefit for people surrounding us. And guys, do not forget to pray on time and hang on your life to Allah. 7. For everyone who has reminded me to do my thesis, My Chinada friends, Kahfi Motivator School, Silek Harimau community, Kubik Leadership, STIFIn Management, Jamparing Asih and many more that I am not quite strong to write all of you in this thesis because it would need three days to mentioned all of you. Finally, my appreciate goes to everyone who has contributed in my thesis, directly and indirectly. Alhamdulillah, and for my friend who are struggling to do their thesis, please do not stop, there is a way if you start your journey. Do it, do it and do it again. Good luck for everyone, Jazakumullah Khaer. Indonesia, Cikarang, 24th 2017 Muhammad Adnan Fatron vi Table of Contents THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER ...................................... DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ............................................................... ii ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................ x LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................. x LIST OF ACRONYMS ....................................................................................... xi CHAPTER I .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Research ....................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem Identification ................................................................................ 4 1.3 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................ 6 1.4 Research Objectives .................................................................................... 6 1.5 Significance