COL . CHARLES R . LOWELL C O L O N E L C H A R L! S R USS! LL L OW! L L FRI END S COUSINS B O S T O N P e o eo. ! l r ss f G H l is Co. 1 9 2 0 D ED I CATION To the young men of 1 9 1 7 who so nobly risked of their hopes future usefulness , their health , ou r their lives , to stand side by side With Allies against tyranny and inj ustice abroad ; to those who fell , and to those Who survived to Who m own the future of our cou ntry is now intrusted , — this collection of brief memoirs of the you ng 1 men of 1 86 is dedicated . CONT! NTS PAG ! O R ! W O RD W I TH ! ETCH OF G OV ! R N O R N D R ! W F , S A CH ARLE S RU S SELL LOW ELL H ! N R! L ! ! H I G G I NSON S T E PH EN GEOR G E PER ! INS AM ES AVA G E . J S , JR WI LD ER DW I GH T .‘ RO B ERT GOU LD S H AW ENR! TUR I S U SS ELL H S G h R JAM ES JA C! SON HI G G I NSON JAM ES JA C! SON LOW ELL ILLIAM LOW ELL P UT NAM W ! CA B OT JA C! SON RU SS EL SAMU EL S TOR R OW S U MNER PAINE JOHN ALBION AND REW G OV ! R NO R o r M A S S A C H US ! TT S FOR ! WOR D FR OM A CONT! MPORA R ! OF A GR OUP OF SOLD I! R S OF THE WAR OF 1 8 6 1 Early in the time of ou r Civil War a se t of photographs , of which these are mainly dupli wa s cates , sent over to some English friend s who o n had recently been guests here . Placed - their drawing room table in London , the por traits helped to convince their friends that ou r “ ” wa s of army not made u p mere mercenaries . To accompany the photographs , short me moirs have been compiled , from the Harvard Memorial Biographies and from other sou rces , of Colonel Charles Russell Lowell and some o f his friends and cousins , with Governor John A . Andrew at their head . There were other friends and cousins Whos e services in the war and since the war equ ally s deserve recognition , but whose p hotograph were not at hand when the original collection : L was made the cousins are Francis . Lee , r . Charles Jackson Paine , J , William Cu shing r Paine , Oliver Wendell Holmes , J . , Charles t w S o rro r . , J , Francis Lee Higginson , Warren Dutton Russell , Frank Lowell Dutton Ru ssell , John Pearce Pe n h a llow FOREWORD A few facts about the times into which these men were born are worth noting Major Henry Lee Higginson in his address o n Colonel Robert G . Shaw delivered in Sanders Theatre , Harva rd University , Cam o n 0 1 8 bridge , May 3 , 97 , said in part “ To- day I wish to talk to you of the Fifty fou rth Regiment , Massachusetts Volunteer I n fa n tr y, colored , commanded by Colonel Robert of S haw ; and slavery , which , as a deadly poison ou r . to nation , they strove to remove Any word of mine which may seem hars h to o u r b rothers o f the South has no such meaning o r of wa s feeling . The sin slavery national and sin o caused the f disu nion . Together we wiped o u t ou r with blood these two great wrongs , we ou t long ago , and also wiped all u nkind ” feeling . The n a tion a l responsibility for the c on t in u a tio n o f slavery did not arise simply from the fact that in the North slavery had existed 1 0 i n Colonial days , for in the first census of 79 , made u p by Jonathan Jackson whom Wash i ngton had appointed United States Marshal fo r of the District Massachusetts , then includ ing Maine , there was recorded u nder the head “ ” ing Number o f Slaves in that District the n on e word . Meantime the foreign slave trade had been made illegal . FOREWORD ix There had been movements toward a similar policy in the South , when , through Northern enterprise , cotton factories were set u p along ou r many rivers , the first spinners and weavers being girls from the neighboring farms , and of of stockholders , many whom were persons moderate means , who had invested their hard earned s avings , intrusting them to the enter prising manufacturers for the new cotton mills . The Irish famine and other conditions in Eu rope soon increased the tide of immigration , which later was welcomed and encou raged becau se it brought not only some highly skilled workers but also persons who were u nskilled bu t could be m ade available for working at parts of this new machinery . in The question then arose , how could the creasing demand for cheap cotton be met ! The rivers and canals might cause the busy Wheels to tu rn , and cheap labor might be hired to work at them ; bu t if the slave trade were to cease , and if Virginia should cease to raise slaves to be sold at the more Southern markets for labor Where cotton raising would thrive and Cheap wa s who labor always in demand , would there be to plant and gather the cotton o r to serve the White owners of the crops ! Naturally these considerations may h ave tended to confirm the reluctance of the North x FOREWORD to break with the South , and perhaps tended also to bolster u p the doctrine of State Rights . 1 8 8 wa s I n 4 the Missou ri Compromise repealed , and the extension o f slavery into the terri 1 8 0 tories wa s proposed . I n 5 the Fugitive Slave Law wa s enacted and the Supreme Cou rt “ had declared that by ou r Constitution negroes ” “ of were not Citizens the United States , had never had any rights which the white man wa s ” “ bound to respect , might j ustly and lawfully ” be enslaved for their ow n good . Meantime ’ “ ’ ” Mrs . Stowe s Uncle Tom s Cabin , fou nded upon conditions which had come to that writer ’ s knowledge during her residence in the South , wa s 2 0 1 8 2 published March , 5 , and translated into the languages o f dwellers i n all parts Of the civilized world . I n Great B ritain , slavery 1 8 0 had been abolished in 7 . As late as 1 8 5 0 some of the most public spirited Northerners would gladly have nego tia te d payment by the United States of five o r ten million dollars per year to free the slaves , but they dreaded a rising of the slaves and were encou raged by Southerners and by Southern sympathizers in this dread Of that which never h appened , not even du ring the Civil War , so loyal were the colored people in the absence Of their White masters . Under this United States Fugitive Slave Bill FOREWORD Vigilance Committee of forty members was “ ’ appointed , Andrew s pu rpose being to abide by the law , but to wring from it the utmost protection for any person on Massachusetts soil whose liberty wa s called in question under the ” laws Of the United States . The history Of politics after this crisis is well known . I t is interesting to note that when ’ wa s Lincoln s nomination assured , and Andrew , a as a member Of the Committee , had been p pointed to inform Lincoln of his nomination , Andrew “ saw i n a flash that here was a man ” “ w w Fo r i ho a s master Of himself . the f rst ” “ of time , he says , they !the members the Committee! u nderstood that Abraham Lincoln , whom they had supposed to be little more than a loquaciou s and clever state politician , had ” force , insight , conscience . “ As the campaign for Governor of Massa ' c hu setts o n 1 8 8 1 8 60 eo l e c a m e went in 5 to , p p to recognize the two qualities , the cool head and the warm heart , which were so remarkably u nited in John A . Andrew , and to feel that he ” could be trusted as their governor . On the th 1 86 1 5 Of January , , the Legislatu re met in convention . The inaugu ration took place in due form , a nd Andrew read his address . ’ o f . One Andrew s first cares , when John M Forbes appeared as his cou nsellor , was the selec FOREWORD tion o f fou r aides to constitute hi s personal — f r . sta f , Horace Binney Sargent , Henry Lee , J , Harrison Ritchie , and John M . Wetherell Of Worcester . Meantime a Southern Convention , at which eight States were represented , had met at Vicksbu rg and had passed resolutions in favor of reopening the slave trade . In October came John B rown ’ s raid at Harper ’ s Ferry and the h anging Of B rown and his associates . On April 1 2 th the seceders opened fire o n Fort Sumter ; April 1 5 th the President called ou t seventy- five thous and troops ; April 1 9th the Massachusetts wa s Sixth fired upon on its way South , and Massachu setts men lay dead in B altimore .