U. 8, GFOL SURVEY H . HYO. RESEARCH ki A ^CITY, IOWA DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 381 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES 1914 PART I. NORTH ATLANTIC SLOPE DRAINAGE BASINS NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer C. C. COVERT, C. H. PIERCE, and G. C. STEVENS, District Engineers Prepared in cooperation with the States of MAINE, VERMONT, MASSACHUSETTS, and NEW YORK WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 u. A «tUU SURVEY C/0 IOWA INST. HYD, RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR G1TY' I(WA FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Water-Supply Paper 381 SDRFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES^*1 Geolosicil Survey, 1014 Box /r^] |_ PART I. NORTH ATLMTIC SLOPE ' NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer C. C. COVERT, C. H. PIERCE, and G. C. STEVENS, District Engineers Prepared in cooperation with the States of MAINE, VERMONT, MASSACHUSETTS, and NEW YORK WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 15 CENTS PER COPY CONTENTS. Page. Authorization and scope of work........................................... 7 Definition of terms......................................................... 8 Convenient equivalents.................................................... 9 Explanation of data........................................................ 11 Accuracy of field data and computed results...................^....'........ 13 Cooperation.............................................................. 14 Division of work.......................................................... 15 Gaging station records...................................................... 15 St. John River basin................................................... 15 St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine................................. 15 St. John River at Van Buren, Maine................................ 17 St. Croix River basin.................................................. 20 St. Croix River near Baring, Maine................................. 20 Machias River basin.................................................. 20 Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine.............................. 20 Union River basin................................................^.... 23 West Branch of Union River at Amherst, Maine.................... 23 Branch Lake near Ellsworth, Maine................................ 25 Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Maine...............'.......... 26 Penobscot River basin................................................ 28 West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket, Maine............ 28 Penobscot River at West Enfield, Maine............................ 28 East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, Maine................ 31 Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, Maine...................... 34 Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine............................ 37 Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Maine. ............................. 38 St. George River basin................................................ 41 St. George River at Union, Maine................................... 41 Kennebec River basin................................................ 43 Moosehead Lake at east outlet, Maine............................... 43 Kennebec River at The Forks, Maine............................... 44 Kennebec River at Waterville, Maine............................... 47 Dead River at The Forks, Maine................................... 48 Sandy River near Farmington, Maine............................... 50 Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine. ............................ 52 Cobbosseecontee Stream at Gardiner, Maine......................... 59 Androscoggin River basin............................................. 60 Androscoggin River at Errol dam, N. H............................. 60 Magalloway River at Aziscohos dam, Maine........-.-...-......."... 62 Androscoggin River at Rumford Falls, Maine...................... 63 Little Androscoggin River near South Paris, Maine................... 65 Presumpscot River basin............................................... 66 Presumpscot River at outlet of Sebago Lake, Maine.................. 66 Saeo River basin....................................................... 68 Saco River at West Buxton, Maine.................................. 68 3 4 CONTENTS. Gaging station records Continued. Page, Merrimack River basin................................................. 69 Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass............................... 69 Souhegan River at Merrimack, N. H............................... 72 South Branch of Nashua River at Clinton, Mass..................... 75 Sudbury River at Framingham and Lake Cochituate at Cochituate, Mass............................................................ 76 Connecticut River basin.............................................. 78 Connecticut River at Orford, N. H................................. 78 Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass............................. 81 Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbury, Vt........................... 84 Millers River at Erving, Mass....................................'.... 86 Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass................................ 88 Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass................................ 91 Swift River at West Ware, Mass.................................... 93 Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass............................. 96 Westfield River at Knightville, Mass................................ 99 Westfield River near Westfield, Mass................................. 100 Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass............. 102 Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass. ........<................ 105 Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass................................. 107 Farmington River near New Boston, Mass........................... 108 Housatonic River basin............................................... Ill Housatonic River near Great Barrington,-Mass...................... Ill Housatonic River at Gaylordsville, Conn............................ 113 Pomperaug River at Bennetts Bridge> Conn......................... 114 Hudson River basin.................................................... 117 Hudson River at North Creek, N. Y............................... 117 Hudson River at Thurman, N. Y................................... 120 Hudson River at Spier Falls, N. Y................................. 123 Hudson River at Mechanicville, N. Y.............................. 125 Cedar River near Indian Lake, N. Y................................ 126 Indian Lake reservoir near Indian Lake, N. Y...................... 128 Indian River near Indian Lake, N. Y............................... 130 Schroon River at Riverbank, N. Y...........................'.....'.. 132 Sacandaga River near Hope, N. Y................................. 135 Sacandaga River at Hadley, N. Y ................:................ 137 West Branch of Sacandaga River at Blackbridge, near Wells, N. Y.. 140 Hoosic River near Eagle Bridge, N. Y....................:......... 142 Mohawk River at Barge canal Lock 7, N. Y.......................... 145 Alplaus Kill near Charlton, N. Y................................... 148 Kinderhook Creek at Rossman, N. Y............................... 151 Delaware River basin................................................. 153 East Branch of Delaware River at Fish Eddy, N. Y.................. 153 Delaware River at Port Jervis, N. Y................................ 156 Celaware River at Riegelsville, N. J................................ 158 Beaver Kill at Cooks .Falls, N. Y................................... 160 West Branch of Delaware River at Hale Eddy, N. Y................. 161 Neversink River at 'Godeffroy, N. Y................................. 164 Neshaminy Creek below Forks, Pa................................. 165 Tohickon Creek at Point Pleasant, Pa.............................. 167 Schuylkill River near Philadelphia, Pa............................ 169 Perkiomen Creek near Frederick, Pa............................... 170 CONTENTS. ' 5 Gaging station records Continued. Page. Susquehanna River basin.............................................. 172 Susquehanna River at Conklin, N. Y.............................. 172 Chenango River near Chenango Forks, N. Y........................ 175 Chemung River at Chemung, N. Y................................. 177 Patuxent River basin..................................................... 180 Patuxent River near Burtonsville, Md.............................. 180 Potomac River basin................................................... 183 Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.............................. 183 Monocacy River near Frederick, Md............................... - 185 Occoquan Creek near Occoquan, Va................................ 187 Rappahannock River basin............................................ 190 Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Va....................... 190 Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 192 Index....................!............................................. .. 193 Appendix................................................................ i ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station................. 12 II. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens; B, Gurley printing; C, Friez ... 13 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF NORTH ATLANTIC SLOPE DRAINAGE