Regeneration at Transport Interchanges A report for emda ECOTEC 2008 This work, with the exception of logos, photographs and images and any other content marked with a separate copyright notice, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England & Wales License The use of logos in the work is licensed for use only on non-derivative copies. Under this licence you are free to copy this work and to make derivative works as long as you give the original author credit. The copyright is owned by Nottingham Trent University. This document forms part of the emda Knowledge Bank 30 Regeneration at Transport Interchanges Final Report to the East Midlands Development Agency Regeneration at Transport Interchanges Final Report to the East Midlands Development Agency C3595 / August 2008 ECOTEC Priestley House 12-26 Albert Street Birmingham B4 7UD United Kingdom T +44 (0)121 616 3600 F +44 (0)121 616 3699 www.ecotec.com Contents PAGE Executive Summary................................................................................. i 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................. 1 1.1 ECOTEC Appointment ...............................................................................................1 1.2 Transport and Regional Development......................................................................1 1.3 Study Aims and Objectives .......................................................................................3 1.4 Defining Transport Interchanges ..............................................................................4 1.5 Work Undertaken to Inform the Report ....................................................................6 1.6 Status of the Report ...................................................................................................7 1.7 Structure of the Report ..............................................................................................7 2.0 Policy Drivers.......................................................................................... 9 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................9 2.2 National Policy............................................................................................................9 2.3 Regional Policy.........................................................................................................12 2.4 Local Policy ..............................................................................................................19 2.5 Strategic Conclusions .............................................................................................26 3.0 Literature Review.................................................................................. 29 3.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................29 3.2 Transport and Economic Development..................................................................29 3.3 Transport Interchanges ...........................................................................................31 3.4 Strategic Conclusions .............................................................................................38 4.0 International and National Experience ............................................... 41 4.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................41 4.2 Case Study Selection and Evidence Base .............................................................41 4.3 ’s-Hertogenbosch Station Area Redevelopment ...................................................42 4.4 Breda High Speed Rail Station................................................................................46 4.5 The Jubilee Line Extension .....................................................................................49 4.6 Liverpool South Parkway.........................................................................................52 4.7 Sheffield Station .......................................................................................................54 4.8 Strategic Conclusions .............................................................................................55 i ECOTEC Final Report: Regeneration at Transport Interchanges 5.0 East Midlands Case Studies ................................................................ 57 5.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................57 5.2 Case Study Selection and Evidence Base .............................................................57 5.3 Mansfield Town Station ...........................................................................................57 5.4 Matlock Bus Interchange.........................................................................................63 5.5 Market Rasen Coach Stop .......................................................................................68 5.6 Nottingham Express Transit....................................................................................72 5.7 The Hub / Nottingham Station: Learning from Experience...................................76 5.8 Strategic Conclusions .............................................................................................77 6.0 Stakeholder Views and Investment Opportunities ............................ 79 6.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................79 6.2 Regeneration Benefits of Transport Interchanges ................................................79 6.3 Forthcoming Transport Developments ..................................................................80 6.4 Public and Private Sector Roles .............................................................................84 6.5 Strategic Conclusions .............................................................................................85 7.0 Implementation Framework ................................................................. 87 7.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................87 7.2 Defining Transport Interchanges ............................................................................87 7.3 Typology of Transport Interchanges ......................................................................88 7.4 Rationale for Public Sector Investment..................................................................89 7.5 Economic Benefit of Investment in Transport Interchanges................................91 7.6 Economic Impact and a Theory of Change............................................................95 7.7 Meeting the Priorities of the Regional Economic Strategy...................................97 7.8 Transport Interchange Outputs and Outcomes...................................................100 7.9 Roles of Partners....................................................................................................101 7.10 Project Prioritisation and Selection Criteria ........................................................103 7.11 Role of emda...........................................................................................................105 Annex: Schedule of Consultees............................................................ 1 List of figures Figure 4.1 Practical Steps Taken in the Fast Area of ‘s-Hertogenbosch. ..................43 Figure 4.2 Practical Steps Taken in the Slow Area of ‘s-Hertogenbosch. .................44 Figure 5.1 Old Bus station (Bakewell Road) and New Bus station (Cawdor Quarry) .......................................................................................................................65 Figure 7.1 Investment in Transport Interchanges Logic Model..................................96 ii ECOTEC Final Report: Regeneration at Transport Interchanges List of tables Table 1.1 Key Variables in Developing a Typology of Transport Interchanges ...........5 Table 2.1 Key East Midlands Urban Action Plan Themes, Priorities, and Drivers for Growth...................................................................................................................17 Table 5.1 House Price Growth, 1995-2006 ...............................................................61 Table 7.1 Key Variables in Developing a Typology of Transport Interchanges .........88 Table 7.2 Addressing the Priorities of the Regional Economic Strategy....................98 Table 7.3 Partner Contributions to Regeneration at Transport Interchanges ..........102 Table 7.4 Decision Making Criteria..........................................................................103 iii ECOTEC Final Report: Regeneration at Transport Interchanges iv ECOTEC Final Report: Regeneration at Transport Interchanges Executive Summary This report sets out an overview of the rationale for investment in transport interchanges and provides an implementation framework to guide decision making by emda and its public and private sector partners in respect of opportunities for investment in transport interchange projects. The intention is that the implementation framework can be used by all partners across the region to provide consistency and to assist in the development, delivery, monitoring and evaluation of transport interchange project interventions People interchange when there is no direct, convenient