Map 2.1 - Colonial rule and independence in Africa UNHCR Mapping Unit TUNISIATUNISIA MM ee dd ii tt ee rr rr aa nn ee aa nn SS ee aa (1956)(1956)(1956) MM ee dd ii tt ee rr rr aa nn ee aa nn SS ee aa MOROCCOMOROCCO !!! (1956)(1956)(1956) ALGERIAALGERIA LIBYANLIBYAN ARABARAB JAMAHIRIYAJAMAHIRIYA (1962)(1962)(1962) LIBYANLIBYAN ARABARAB JAMAHIRIYAJAMAHIRIYA (1951)(1951)(1951) (1951)(1951)(1951) EGYPTEGYPT WesternWestern Sahara**Sahara** EGYPTEGYPT SOWR2000_COLONIALAFRICA1950.WOR RR ee dd SS ee aa CAPECAPE VERDEVERDE MAURITANIAMAURITANIA (1975)(1975)(1975) (1960)(1960)(1960) MALIMALI NIGERNIGER CHADCHAD (1960)(1960)(1960) (1960)(1960)(1960) CHADCHAD ERITREAERITREA SENEGALSENEGAL (1960)(1960)(1960) ERITREAERITREA SUDANSUDAN (1993)(1993)(1993) (1960)(1960)(1960) GAMBIAGAMBIA SUDANSUDAN (1993)(1993)(1993) BURKINABURKINA FASOFASO (1956)(1956)(1956) (1965)(1965)(1965) BURKINABURKINA FASOFASO (1956)(1956)(1956) DJIBOUTIDJIBOUTI GG uu ll ff oo ff AA dd ee nn GUINEAGUINEA (1960)(1960)(1960) DJIBOUTIDJIBOUTI BENINBENIN NIGERIANIGERIA GUINEA-GUINEA- (1958)(1958)(1958) BENINBENIN NIGERIANIGERIA (1977)(1977)(1977) BISSAUBISSAU (1960)(1960)(1960) (1960)(1960)(1960) CÔTECÔTE GHANAGHANA ETHIOPIAETHIOPIA (1974)(1974)(1974) D'IVOIRED'IVOIRE (1957)(1957)(1957) CENTRALCENTRAL AFRICANAFRICAN SOMALIASOMALIA (1960)(1960)(1960) CAMEROONCAMEROONREPUBLICREPUBLIC (1960)(1960) SIERRASIERRA LEONELEONE TOGOTOGO (1960)(1960)(1960) TOGOTOGO (1960)(1960)(1960) (1960)(1960)(1960) (1961)(1961)(1961) (1960)(1960)(1960) (1961)(1961)(1961) LIBERIALIBERIA (1960)(1960)(1960) UGANDAUGANDA RWANDARWANDAUGANDAUGANDA SAOSAO TOMETOME ANDAND PRINCIPEPRINCIPE (1962)(1962)(1962) KENYAKENYA SEYCHELLESSEYCHELLES SAOSAO TOMETOME ANDAND PRINCIPEPRINCIPE GABONGABONCONGOCONGO (1962)(1962)(1962) SEYCHELLESSEYCHELLES (1975)(1975)(1975) (1963)(1963)(1963) (1976)(1976)(1976) (1975)(1975)(1975) (1960)(1960)(1960) (1960)(1960)(1960) DEMOCRATICDEMOCRATIC (1976)(1976)(1976) REPUBLICREPUBLIC OFOF THETHE EQUATORIALEQUATORIAL GUINEAGUINEA REPUBLICREPUBLIC OFOF THETHE CONGOCONGO (1960)(1960) (1968)(1968)(1968) UNITEDUNITED REPUBLICREPUBLIC BURUNDIBURUNDI OFOF TANZANIATANZANIA COMOROSCOMOROS (1962)(1962)(1962) (1964)(1964)(1964) (1975)(1975)(1975) AA TT LL AA NN TT II CC MALAWIMALAWI ANGOLAANGOLA OO CC EE AA NN (1964)(1964)(1964) (1975)(1975)(1975) ZAMBIAZAMBIA MOZAMBIQUEMOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUEMOZAMBIQUE MAURITIUSMAURITIUS (1964)(1964)(1964) (1975)(1975)(1975) (1975)(1975)(1975) (1968)(1968)(1968) ZIMBABWEZIMBABWE MADAGASCARMADAGASCAR (1980)(1980)(1980) (1960)(1960)(1960) BOTSWANABOTSWANA NAMIBIA*NAMIBIA* (1966)(1966)(1966) LEGEND (1990)(1990)(1990) International boundary SWAZILANDSWAZILAND Administrative boundary (1968)(1968)(1968) SOUTHSOUTH AFRICAAFRICA II NN DD II AA NN Colonies / Protectorates in 1950 LESOTHOLESOTHO OO CC EE AA NN Independent (1966)(1966)(1966) Belgian French Italian Portuguese 0 500 1000 Spanish British Kilometres The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Notes: The year given indicates when the country first gained independence for those countries that did so after 1950. The colonial power indicated refers to the power which ruled in 1950. The country names and borders are those as of 31 Dec. 1999. * Namibia, formerly known as South West Africa, was administered by South Africa between 1920 and 1990, when it achieved independence. ** Spain relinquished control of Spanish Sahara in 1975. Since then the status of what has become known as Western Sahara has been in dispute and a UN-sponsored referendum on the issue has yet to be held. Sources: UNHCR; Global Insight Digital Mapping, Europa Technologies Ltd,1998; J. Scott, The World Since 1914, Heinemann Educational, Oxford, 1989; The Europa World Yearbook 1999, Europa Publications, London, 1999..