SKI INSTRUCTOR MANUAL Edited -September 2018 CADS INSTRUCTOR MANUAL Table of Contents Contents 1. CADS Vision and Mission .................................................................. 2 2. Acknowledgments ............................................................................. 3 3. Long Term Skier Development (LTSD) ............................................. 4 3.1 - Certification System for CADS Instructors ......................................... 5 4. Safety and Risk Management ........................................................... 6 5. Words with Dignity ........................................................................... 7 6. Glossary of Terms .............................................................................. 8 7. Equipment and Modifications .........................................................15 7.1 - Outriggers ........................................................................................... 17 8. Teaching Aids ...................................................................................19 Learning Styles .......................................................................................... 20 Hands to Technique .................................................................................. 21 Assessment of Abilities.............................................................................. 21 9. Teaching Techniques .......................................................................23 9.1 - Visual Impairment ............................................................................... 23 9.2 - 3 Track ................................................................................................. 48 9.3 - 4 Track ................................................................................................. 68 9.4 - Sitski .................................................................................................... 95 9.5 - Autism Spectrum Disorder .............................................................. 129 9.6 - Cognitive and Intellectual Disabilities ............................................ 156 10. Appendices Appendix 1: Long Term Skier Development ..........................................173 Appendix 2: Safety and Risk Management .............................................174 Appendix 3: Alpine Responsibility Code ................................................175 Appendix 4: Code of Ethics .....................................................................176 Appendix 5: Code of Conduct ............................................................... 177 Appendix 6: Student Medical Sheet .......................................................178 Appendix 7: VI Determination of Guide Bib Colours ............................ 182 Appendix 8: VI Safety and Awareness Questionnaires / Answer sheet / Answers .................................................... 184 Appendix 9: Pictograms .......................................................................... 187 Appendix 10: Fatigue Chart .................................................................... 191 1 1. CADS Vision and Mission VISION: CADS is recognized nationally and internationally for its leadership in alpine adaptive snow sports. MISSION: CADS provides opportunities for people with disabilities to experience the joy of participating and competing in alpine adaptive snow sports. CADS does this by developing and promoting adaptive snow sports through partnerships, training, and instructor certification programs. CADS© CADS INSTRUCTOR MANUAL Acknowledgments Knowing where we come from is always a good Contribution by module: starting point, and I would like to specially thank a small group of life time believers who contributed significantly Visual Impairment, 3 Track, 4 Track and Sitski: Jim over the years: Jerry Johnston, Ted Rhodes and Bob Anderson, Kim Atkins, Nip Bradford, Tommy Chevrette, Gilmour. The dream they had and shared, is still living today Thomas Griffith, Susan Hughes, Ian McArdle, Jamie and is about to take another step. McCulloch, Bruce Meredith, Jamie Spencer, Dick Taylor, Bob Vickers as well as many experienced CADS instructors This CADS Instructor Manual edition along with the who reviewed the Draft copy. A special thanks for Clay revised CADS Certification System, are both steps in Dawdy, Bobby Palm and Bob Gilmour for developing the creating positive possibilities for individuals living with a Tethering Training step exercises for Stand-up skier and disability to enjoy snow sport activities. This revised manual Sitskier. encompasses detailed assessment tools, teaching steps, enhanced instructor knowledge and competency Autism Spectrum Disorder and Cognitive standards. Impairment: Jim Anderson, Kim Atkins, Nip Bradford, Tommy Chevrette, Thomas Griffith, Susan Hughes, Ian In addition, I would like to recognize the multitude McArdle, Jamie McCulloch, Bruce Meredith, Jamie of extremely dedicated individuals who believed in the Spencer, Dick Taylor as well as many experienced CADS possibility of re-writing the previous CADS Instructor instructors who reviewed the Draft copy. Manual starting with the CADS National Technical Committee, countless experienced CADS instructors, Additional contribution is gratefully acknowledged specialists in specific areas, and the CSIA and CADS Board for their valuable expertise; Kim Cosman, Stephanie Jull Members. (Canucks Autism Network), David O’Brien, Bernard Oligny, Pat McKimmon, Brian Sarsfield, and Michelle Schaefer And lastly, CADS would like to thank Resorts of the (Autism interventionist). Thank you to Canucks Autism Canadian Rockies Inc. for their generous support towards Network (Vancouver, BC) for sharing their visual resources. the creation of this manual. Thanks to each and everyone of you, Sincerely, RCR is proud of our long-standing support of CADS! Most importantly we are really amazed by the incredible amount Tommy Chevrette, of good that the organization does to support sport and CADS Technical Committee Chair. making sport possible. There is so much good that comes CADS Instructor Manual Coordinator. from this! Our team is thrilled to take part in assisting CADS!. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 3 CADS INSTRUCTOR MANUAL Long Term Skier Development (LTSD) lpine Canada (ACA) and the Canadian Safety and Risk Management Association for Disabled Skiing (CADS) A CADS is insured for liability under the insurance joined forces in April of 2012, to host a Sport policy carried by the Canadian Ski Association (CSA). From Summit sponsored by the Canadian an instructor’s perspective, please refer to Appendix 2, which outlines basic instructor responsibilities and Duty Paralympic Committee. The collective goal of Care. was to define a clear pathway for Long Term Skier Development (LTSD) as it relates to Alpine Responsibility Code adaptive/para-alpine skiing in Canada. An instructor must teach in strict accordance with the Alpine Responsibility Code, and ensure that the LTSD is a nine stage training, competition and students under supervision are skiing in full compliance physical literacy pathway guiding an individual’s experience with the code, as well as understand the reasons for doing in sport and physical activity from childhood through all so. Please refer to Appendix 3 to view the complete code. phases of adulthood, from simple to more complex skills. It respects and utilizes the natural stages of physical, mental and emotional growth in participants and athletes and Code of Ethics matches skills and activities to each individual’s stage of development. It ensures a participant’s potential is When you, as a ski instructor, agree to undertake maximized. It encourages lifelong participation. the instruction of a person, whether that persons is an adult or a child, you enter into a special relationship with that The Para pathway is a visual chart that illustrates individual, out if which the court will impose upon you the stages that a participant/athlete will move through to a duty of care and code of ethics for the safety of that become a para alpine athlete. Not all participants/athletes student. This duty of care and code of ethics commences are expected to move through all stages. In fact, most will when you first meet your student at the start of the lesson remain active for life at the Skier Essentials stage. A few will and does not end until the lesson is completed. Please progress to the Train to Win stage. It is important that this refer to Appendix 2 for the Duty of Care and to Appendix 4 pathway is identified in order to link grassroots programs for the Code of Ethics to review expectations. with race development programs to assist participants in reaching their highest potential. Code of Conduct CADS is directly involved in the first 5 stages The key codes of conduct are based on Respect for (Awareness, First Contact, Gliding Start, Skier Essentials Peers and Participants, Teaching Responsibility, Integrity and Learn to Train) and the 9th (last stage) Skiing for Life. and Honoring Sport. For more information, please refer to Appendix 1. Please refer to Appendix 5 for detailed Code of Conduct expectations. LONG TERM SKIER DEVELOPMENT (LTSD) | 4 CADS INSTRUCTOR MANUAL 3.1 - Certification System for CADS Instructors The CADS certification standards were developed Level 1 and 2 can be offered as a full course over several by the CADS National Technical Committee (TC) and days or in the form of modules that candidates may reviewed by a group of CADS experienced instructors and undertake on an individual