DRAFT May 2019 Port Bay Barrier Bar Assessment Prepared for New York State Office of General Services and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation DRAFT May 2019 Port Bay Barrier Bar Assessment Prepared for Prepared by NYS Office of General Services Bergmann NYS Department of Environmental Conservation EcoLogic Project Number: OGS SC286 DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Project Purpose and Objectives............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Team/Sponsors .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Stakeholder Coordination and Outreach.............................................................................................. 4 2 Existing Conditions .................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Physical/Geological Conditions ............................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 Data Sources .................................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 Condition of the Shoreline......................................................................................................... 7 2.1.3 Lake Level History and Projections ........................................................................................ 11 2.1.4 Typical Current Velocities ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.5 Wind Generated Waves ............................................................................................................ 13 2.1.6 Storm Surge.................................................................................................................................. 15 2.1.7 Coastal Sediment Transport .................................................................................................... 15 2.1.8 Coastal Sediment Trapped During 2016 and 2017 Breaches ........................................ 23 2.1.9 2018 - 2019 Dredged Material Placement .......................................................................... 24 2.2 Economic Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 81 2.2.1 Data Sources ................................................................................................................................ 81 2.2.2 Private Property Damage Costs from 2017 Breach Event ............................................... 81 2.2.3 Private Property Damage Costs from 2018 Breach Event ............................................... 93 2.2.4 Determination of Anticipated Damage Cost Per Breach................................................. 96 2.3 Biota, Habitat, and Water Quality Conditions ................................................................................... 99 2.3.1 Data Sources ................................................................................................................................ 99 2.3.2 Fisheries ......................................................................................................................................... 99 2.3.3 Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species and Significant Habitats ..................... 101 2.3.4 Regulated Wetlands ................................................................................................................ 102 2.3.5 Aquatic Macrophytes.............................................................................................................. 102 2.3.6 Invasive Species........................................................................................................................ 104 2.3.7 Water Quality ............................................................................................................................ 104 2.3.8 Littoral Zone Habitat ............................................................................................................... 105 2.3.9 Summary of Impacts of the 2017 Breach on Biota, Habitat, and Water Quality ... 108 3 Management Alternatives and Design Requirements ................................................. 133 3.1 Management Alternatives .................................................................................................................... 134 3.1.1 Permanent Equipment Access ............................................................................................. 134 Port Bay Barrier Bar Assessment i May 2019 DRAFT 3.1.2 Alternative A: No Action ........................................................................................................ 134 3.1.3 Alternative B: Limited Sediment Management ............................................................... 135 3.1.4 Alternative C: Nature-Based Barrier Bar ............................................................................ 136 3.1.5 Alternative D: Adaptive Management ............................................................................... 137 3.1.6 Alternative E: Infrastructure Protection Measures.......................................................... 138 3.1.7 Alternative F: Fortification Using Rock Revetment......................................................... 139 3.1.8 Alternative G: Fortification Using Rock Revetment with Armored Overflow ......... 140 3.1.9 Alternative H: Fortification Using Rock Revetment with Culvert(s) ........................... 141 4 Evaluation and Recommendations .................................................................................... 151 4.1 Overview of the Alternatives Evaluation Process .......................................................................... 151 4.2 Evaluation of Alternatives Against Project Goals and Indicators .............................................. 153 4.3 Project Costs and Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Most Feasible Alternatives ............................. 165 4.3.1 Conceptual Project Construction Costs............................................................................. 165 4.3.2 Life Cycle Analysis .................................................................................................................... 165 4.4 Recommended Alternative .................................................................................................................. 167 4.5 Regulatory Requirements for the Recommended Alternative .................................................. 170 5 References ............................................................................................................................... 172 TABLES Table 2.1-1 Conversion from IGLD85 to NAVD88 for Port Bay ............................................................... 7 Table 2.1-2 Monthly Variation of Water Levels in Lake Ontario, 1918-2017 ..................................... 11 Table 2.1-3 Maximum and Minimum Allowable Monthly Mean Water Level of Lake Ontario Based on an Order by IJC Effective Jan. 2017 ...................................................................... 12 Table 2.1-4 Largest Three Observed Waves at Three Stations North of Port Bay, 1970-2014 ...... 14 Table 2.1-5 Top 10 Surges in Oswego, 1976-2006 ................................................................................... 15 Table 2.1-6 Lake Ontario Annual Sediment Budget ................................................................................. 18 Table 2.1-7 Representative Waves of Sediment Transport Calculations ............................................. 19 Table 2.1-8 Sediment Fractions for Calculation of Longshore Sediment Transport......................... 20 Table 2.1-9 Potential Longshore Sediment Transport Along East Barrier Bar ................................... 21 Table 2.2-1 NYSDEC Environmental Permits Within Port Bay ................................................................ 86 Table 2.2-2 Survey Responses for Damage Incurred During 2017 ....................................................... 88 Table 2.2-3 Description of Damage Incurred During 2018..................................................................... 93 Table 2.3-1 Number and Relative Abundance of Fish Species Captured by Gill Netting and Board Electrofishing from Port Bay During NYSDEC Fisheries Survey, Sept. 2012 ... 100 Port Bay Barrier Bar Assessment ii May 2019 DRAFT Table 2.3-2 Species and Native/Invasive Status of Aquatic Macrophytes Known to Occur in Port Bay ........................................................................................................................................ 103 Table 4.1-1 Project Goals and Indicators Used to Screen Management Alternatives ................... 152 Table 4.2-1 Visual Summary of Project Goals Evaluation ...................................................................... 161 Table 4.2-2 Project Goals Evaluation .......................................................................................................... 162 Table 4.3-1 Maintenance Activities Summary .......................................................................................... 166 Table 4.3-2 Life Cycle Analysis Costs .........................................................................................................