Slide No.1 CLASS VI ENGLISH FIGURES OF SPEECH METAPHOR & SIMILE Teacher: P V Divakaran, AECS-2 Kalpakkam • What is a metaphor? • Metaphor is a figurative device (figure of speech) used to compare two unlike things, but they do have something in common. • A metaphor states that one thing is another thing. • It equates the two things not because they actually are the same, but for the sake of comparison or symbolism. Slide No.2 What is metaphor? • A metaphor may provide clarity or identify the hidden similarities between two ideas. • In metaphor we do not use the words “like”, “as” or “as as” to develop a comparison. • In metaphor we use the words such as is, was, of, etc. • A metaphor has two parts: the tenor and the vehicle. • The tenor is the subject to which attributes are ascribed. • The vehicle is the object whose attributes are borrowed. Slide No.3 Metaphor example: As You Like It - A play by W. Shakespeare,1623 All the world’s a stage. And all the men and women , merely players, They have their Exits and they have their Entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. Similarities/points of comparison: tenor (subject) vehicle (object) Attributes ascribed Attributes borrowed All the world A stage All men and women Players Entrance Birth Exit Death Acts Seven ages Richard Kindersley Slide No. 4 Examples of metaphors: 1. “You are my sunshine” You (tenor) – Sunshine (vehicle) 2. “life is a journey,” Life (tenor) –journey (vehicle) 3. Laughter is the best medicine. Laughter (tenor) – medicine (vehicle) 4. Words are daggers when spoken in anger. Words (tenor) - draggers (vehicle) 5. Ideas are wings. Ideas (tenor) - wings (vehicles) 6. Truth is food for him Truth (tenor) - food (vehicle) Slide No.5 SIMILE • A Simile is a figurative device in which two unlike things are compared. • Usually a Simile uses two words for comparison. They are: "like“, "as“ or “as as”. • By seeing the two words, like and as, it is easy to identify a Simile. • In the poem ‘The Kite’ the poet Harry Behn makes a comparison of the movement of the tailless kite with the movement of a ship. • The poet Harry Behn likens the kite with a ship. Slide No.6 The lines taken from the poem The Kite for comparison are: “Then soars like a ship With only a sail As over tides Of wind it rides”. Similarities/points of comparison the kite - a ship the movement of kite - the movement of a ship tides -wind blue sky -sea Words used for comparison: like, as Slide No.7 Examples of Simile • He runs like a horse. • She sings like a nightingale. • It shines like a star. • It flies like a bird. • He eats like a pig. • Dharshini’s dancing was as smooth as a flowing river. Difference between Metaphors and Similes: • Similes are like metaphors, but metaphors aren’t similes. • A metaphor makes a comparison by stating that one thing is something else. • But a simile states that one thing is like something else. • Simile uses words ; like or as whereas Metaphor uses words such as is, was, of, etc. Slide No.8 Exercise • Fill in the blanks with suitable similes: • You were as brave as a __________________________. • They fought like _______________________________. • He is as funny as a _____________________________. • This house is as clean as a _______________________. • He is as strong as ______________________________. • Your explanation is as clear as ____________________. • That is as easy as ______________________________. • Don't just sit there like a ________________________. • They are as different as _________________________. • She is as thin as a ______________________________. • Last night, I slept like a __________________________. • This dress is perfect because it fits like a ____________. • My love for you is as deep as _____________________. • I am so thirsty that my throat is as dry as ___________. All the world’s a stage W. Shakespeare THANK YOU P V Divakaran, AECS-2 Kalpakkam.