Cover and section photo credits Cover Photo “Flying over Chuuk, Micronesia” by Matt Kieffer is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/mattkieffer/4019344657 Cover Map Image: Federated States of Micronesia. Political. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/islands_oceans_poles/micronesia_pol99.jpg Country Overview Section Photo: “Founding Day 2005” COM-FSM cultural celebration by Dana Lee Ling is licensed under CC by 2.0. April 5, 2005. https://www.flickr.com/photos/danaleeling/8975072970 Disaster Overview Section Photo: “spac0656: Super Typhoon Maysak Strengthening in the Western Pacific Ocean (March 2015)" by NOAA Photo Library is licensed under CC BY 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaaphotolib/20386049560 Organizational Structure for Disaster Management Section Photo “110706-N-KB563-177” U.S. Pacific Fleet is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. Boatswain’s Mate 1st Class speaks with Red Cross Director, Sizue Yoma at the Micronesia Red Cross Society national office during Pacific Partnership 2011. U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Michael Russell/Released. Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia July 6, 2011. https://www.flickr.com/photos/compacflt/5909411178/in/album-72157627103628936/ Infrastructure Section Photo: “Typhon Maysak Relief and Reconstruction” by Steven Rynecki (USAID Asia) is licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0 https://www.flickr.com/photos/usaidasia/18664225493 Health Section Photo: “110712-O-ZZ999-018” Pacific Partnership 2011 medical civil action project sites at Pohnpei Hospital, Federated States of Micronesia. is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. Photo by Kristopher Radder. https://www.flickr.com/photos/navalsurfaceforces/5951715990 Women, Peace, and Security Section Photo: “Vaine Wichman, President CINCW (Cook Islands)” by UN WOMEN Pacific is licensed under CC BYSA 2.0. 2013 Civil Society Advisory Group (CSAG) Inaugural Meeting. https://www.flickr.com/photos/un_women_pacific/13679032123 Conclusion Section Photo: “110703-O-ZZ999-004” by Kristopher Radder (U.S. Pacific Fleet) is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. An MH-60S Sea Hawk flies over the port of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia that was the final stop for Pacific Partnership 2011. https://www.flickr.com/photos/compacflt/5895999601/in/faves-63479458@N04/ Appendices Section Photo: “IMG_3529: Yapese Stone Money in the Stone Money Bank” by stevenson_john lis licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenson_john/10236839835 2 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Table of Contents Welcome - Note from the Director .................................................................................9 About the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance .10 Disaster Management Reference Handbook Series Overview ..................................11 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................12 Country Overview ..........................................................................................................14 Culture .......................................................................................................................................................15 Demographics .........................................................................................................................................15 Ethnic Makeup .................................................................................................................................16 Key Population Centers (Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, Kosrae) ...................................................16 Language ...........................................................................................................................................19 Religion ..............................................................................................................................................19 Vulnerable Groups .........................................................................................................................19 Economics ................................................................................................................................................22 Environment ............................................................................................................................................22 Geography ........................................................................................................................................22 Maritime Security ...........................................................................................................................24 Climate ...............................................................................................................................................24 Disaster Overview .........................................................................................................26 Hazards ......................................................................................................................................................26 Recent History of Natural Disasters ..........................................................................................27 Climate Change ...............................................................................................................................29 Infectious Disease ..........................................................................................................................30 Endemic Conditions .....................................................................................................................30 Federated States of Micronesia Disaster Management Reference Handbook | November 2016 3 Organizational Structure for Disaster Management ..................................................32 Humanitarian Response Depot ...............................................................................................35 Disaster Management Organizations in FSM ..............................................................................35 Community Based Disaster Risk Management in FSM ............................................................36 U.S. Government Agencies .................................................................................................................36 International Agencies and Donors Assisting with DRM .........................................................37 Foreign Disaster Relief and Emergency Response ....................................................................37 Laws, Policies, and Plans on Disaster Management ..................................................................37 Education and Training ........................................................................................................................39 Disaster Management Communications.......................................................................................40 Responsible Agencies for Flood and Storm Warning ........................................................40 Early Warning Systems ..................................................................................................................41 Military Role in Disaster Relief ...........................................................................................................42 Foreign Assistance and International Partnering .......................................................................42 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................46 Airports ......................................................................................................................................................47 Seaports ....................................................................................................................................................48 Land Routes .............................................................................................................................................48 Roads ...................................................................................................................................................48 Railways ..............................................................................................................................................48 Waterways .........................................................................................................................................48 Schools ......................................................................................................................................................48 Communications ....................................................................................................................................49 Utilities .......................................................................................................................................................50 Power ..................................................................................................................................................50 Water and Sanitation .....................................................................................................................50 4 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Health .............................................................................................................................52