pi A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS Vice-Nlinisters on Foreign Policy BeijingR^H!^ HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK VOL. 30, NO. 15 APRIL 13, 1987 CONTENTS p. 19 p. 21 MOTES FROM THE EDITORS What Students Can Learn From Authoritative Answers to Foreign Policy Questions Reality • How are China's relations with the Soviet Union, the East EVEMTS/TRENDS 5-9 European countries, the United States and Japan? Vice- NPC 5th Session Hearing Close Foreign Ministers Qian Qichen and Qi Huaiyuan answered Interests of HK, Macao to Be these and other questions and a number of keen international Guaranteed interest at a recent press conference in Beijing, which was fully Military Leaders Meet the Press covered in this report, (p. 14). Mechanized Farming on the Rise Again NPC Session Democracy At Work New Port Opens to Foreign m The Fifth Session of the National People's Congress closes Ships after 15 days of active discussion. Deputies offered constructive criticism of government work and made suggestions to improve INTERNATIONAL :tj0-13 it (p. 5). US-Japan: Trade Friction Turns Dramatic Tianjin's Democracy & Public Senvants Britain-Soviet Union: Differences Remain After Moscow Talks • Tianjin has undergone great changes in the last few years. Thailand-Laos; Slow Progress This is due directly to Mayor Li Ruihuan and his colleagues in In Bilateral Talks the municipal government. As public servants, they keep in Ethiopia-Somalia; Another close touch with the masses, ask their opinions and act upon Attempt to Solve Border them in a manifestation of socialist democracy, (p. 17). Dispute Vice-Miiiisters on Foreign Letting Students Learn From Reality Policy Issues 14 • Providing students with more opportunities to experience Tianjin's Democracy & Public real life is aimed at helping them understand China, keep a Servants ^ 17 correct political orientation and integrate their studies with intellectuals and Bourgeois practical experience. It has been proved that student contact Liberalization 21 with reality is productive (p. 4). Rise of Horizontal Business Associations 23 Intellectuals and Bourgeois Liberalization FROIVI THE CHINESE PRESS 26-27 BUSINESS/TRADE 28-29 • In this review of the opinions of CPPCC members of CULTURE/SCIENCE 30-33 intellectual background, there is a consensus that without the TOURISM 34 Communist Party, China would not have secured the gratifying COVER: Li Ruihuan with Tianjin results of the reforms today. Some suggest that the struggle residents. against bourgeois liberalization should have been launched Yang Baokun much earlier (p. 21). fublisbetl every Mondoy fay GencrnI tti tonal Office Tel: 893860 US$32.00 Btgfoh DepgfWaent Teh 890951.546 BEIilNG «f VIEW Amtralie A.$)Z0O Canada Can.$21.00 Distributed by China Internoiienal 8o«k 2A Bofwanzhuong Rood, Beipng Trmting CorporaKon (OUOil SHUDIAN) N»w Zealand NZ.$30.00 The People's Republic of ChSno P.O. Box 399, Beijing, China UK £12.00 •i NOTES FROM THE EDITORS What Students Can Learn From Reality by An Zhiguo n an interview with Beijing compile new teaching materials basic political principles and I Review (see article "Campus and experimented with teaching orientation. The campus unrest Unrest: Result of reform. The basic aim is to train last December shows that a small 'Liberalization'" issue No. 8), personnel in an all-round way — number of students, who .really Vice-Minister of Education He didn't know much about China's Dongchang said that in order to conditions and society and were improve college education, stu• politically immature, were unable dents will, from now on, be given to distinguish right from wrong in more opportunities to experience (Correcting the mistakes of the face of the erroneous trend real life and know society. In the "cultural revolution" whipped up by a few influential reporting this, some media in does not mean negating people who advocated, "complete Hong Kong and abroad described correct approaches such as Westernization" in China. this positive measure as forcing Providing students with more students on the mainland to do integrating theory with prac• opportunities to experience real physical labour in factories and tice and education with life is aimed at helping them the countryside, as was the labour. understand China, keep a correct practice during the "cultural political orientation and integrate revolution." This assertion is a theory with practice. misunderstanding, if not delibe• morally, intellectually, physically In the spirit of the CPC Central rate distortion. and aesthetically — to meet the Committee's Decision on Reform needs of socialist construction. of the Educational System, many During the "cultural revo• Correcting the mistakes of the schools have gained new and lution," intellectuals were wrongly "cultural revolution" does not useful experiences in strengthen• regarded as targets of revolution, mean negating the correct appro• ing the links between teaching and and manual labour was used as a aches such as integrating theory socialist construction and re• means of punishing them. This with practice, intellectuals with forms, and in guiding the students brought terrible consequences for workers and farmers, and educ• onto the correct road of sound China's higher education. The ation with productive labour. development. For instance, situation was rectified after the Rather it is aimed at better teachers and students in some Third Plenary Session of the 11th implementing the policy of all- schools have embarked on Party Central Committee in round education and "making production, working for technical December 1978. The session education serve socialist innovation, investigation and declared: "Intellectuals are part of construction." research on special subjects. the working class." The idea of Generally speaking, Chinese Schools and units where students respecting knowledge and talent education has made great strides do field work have estabhshed co• has gradually taken root in since 1978 by carrying out correct operative relations and set up people's hearts. The practices of educational policies. But for some organizations combining teaching sending all senior middle school time, because of the trend of with scientific research and graduates to work in the bourgeois liberalization, ideolog• production. They open "second countryside and allotting them ical and political work was rather classrooms" and enrich the little time to acquire knowledge weak in schools, and there was a students' spare time activities. On and too much time for manual tendency towards stressing a voluntary basis, the students labour and other non-cultural theoretical study to the neglect of carry out extensive social studies studies have changed. practice and manual labour. After during their vacations and receive Since then China has restored graduates were assigned to jobs, military training for a period of college entrance examinations, employers often found them weak time. All these activities are readjusted college specialization, in or incapable of analysing and encouraged and popularized. worked out new teaching pro• solving practical problems. Last winter, some university grammes, organized efforts to Some students lack training in students surveyed factories and 4 BEIJING REVIEW, NO. 15 EVENTSARENDS NPC 5th Session Nearing Close he Fifth Session of the Sixth rights and freedoms ensured by TNational People's Congress the laws currently in force, which (NPC) has been in session for two will remain basically unchanged weeks now, in an atmosphere of except for those tainted with democracy and unity. It will colonialism, which must be conclude on April 10. aboHshed or revised, and those Meeting in the Great Hall of the which are no longer applicable People, the 2,700-add delegates because of changes. The interests heard and discussed a number of of the Republic of Portugal, important reports. Among these Portuguese citizens in Macao and were one delivered by Premier their descendents will be ensured. Zhao Ziyang on government After the establishment of the work, the draft of 1987 pro• Macao Special Administrative grammes for national economic Region, public servants (including the countryside and discovered and social development and the police) of Portuguese and other that people there did not favour 1987 draft state budget. foreign nationalities previously campus unrest and wanted the The meeting examined a draft serving in Macao may all remain students to safeguard political decision on the election of in employment and continue their stability and unity. Deeply moved, deputies to the Seventh National service with pay, allowances and many of the students conducted People's Congress, and a report on benefits no less favourable than "self-questioning." This shows the NPC Standing Committee's before, Wu said. that student contact with reality is work. Deputies spoke their minds At the session, Vice-Chairman productive. on major state affairs, frankly of the NPC Standing Committee During this teaching reform criticized the work of the Peng Chong explained the draft experiment, a prudent attitude will government and submitted more regulations governing villagers' be taken and the colleges will than 260 bills. committees, saying that the adopt programmes in the Ught of Wu Xueqian, state councillor establishment of such committees their actual conditions. All these and foreign minister read a report in China's rural areas by villagers activities are quite different from on the recently initialled joint as self-governing organizations the "leftist" mistakes committed declaration on Macao in which indicates a major improvement in during the "cultural revolution." Portugal agrees to hand over the the country's grass-roots organiz• These activities will not affect exercise of Sovereignty over ations which help to promote normal teaching or lower the Macao to China in 1999. The direct socialist democracy. colleges' theoretical requirements. session empowered its Standing As envisaged in the draft On the contrary, they will help Committee to examine and regulations, villagers' committees students consolidate their know• endorse the declaration after it is serve as a bridge between the local ledge and apply it even better. officially signed later this month.