ACT A PAL A EON T 0 LOG ICA POLONICA EWA LUCZKOWSKA MILIOLIDAE (FORAMINIFERIDA) FROM THE MIOCENE OF POLAND PART II. BIOSTRATIGRAPHY, PALAEOECOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS CONTENTS Page Abstract 3 General Part Introduction 3 Material 5 Methods .... 6 History of studies on the Miliolidae 9 Biostratigraphy 13 Palaeoecology . 20 Detailed Part Morphology of tests 28 Ontogeny 29 Related forms. ... 31 Intergeneric transition forms . 32 Systematic Part Description of species . 34 References 153 Index of species . 160 Abstract. - Descriptions are given of 103 species and subspecies of the Miliolidae from the Miocene of Poland, including 9 new species and 1 new name. A new genus, Articularia, and a new subfamily, Sigmoilinitinae, comprising species which show a sigmoiline initial stage and not a quinqueloculine or cryptoquinqueloculine one, have also been separated. The distribution and stratigraphic range of the species under study in the Tortonian and Sarmatian of Poland have been discussed and the hypothetical palaeoecologic conditions prevailing in the coastal facies of the Miocene sea reconstructed. GENERAL PART INTRODUCTION hi Poland the Miliolidae occur chiefly in the coastal facies of the Miocene of the Precarpathian Foredeep, i.e. at its northern border - in Upper Silesia, the Miech6w region, Holy-Cross Mts. and Roztocze Mts.- 4 EWA LUCZKOWSKA and in a few places at the southern border, e.g. in the regions of Wado­ wice, Rzeszow and Nowy Sqcz. In smaller numbers they also occur in the facies of the central part of the Foredeep (Text-fig. 1). As regards strati­ graphy, these Miocene deposits of Poland represent the Lower and Upper Fig. 1. Distribution of localities and boreholes in which Miliolidae have been found in the Miocene of Poland: 1-Northern border of the occurrence of Miocene deposits; 2 - Northern border of the Carpathian overthrust 3 -localities: A - Andrzej6wka, B - Benczyn, Bo - Bogoria, Bog. - Bogucice, Br - Brzeznica, Brz - Brzozowa, Ch­ Chelm n/Rabq, Cw - Choment6w, D- Dmosice, Dw - Dwikozy, G- Gacki, Gd­ Gieraszowice, Gs - Gliwice Stare, Gw - G6ry Wysokie, Gr - Grabowiec, Gd­ Grudna Dolna, 1-Iwkowa, Ka - Karsy, Ki - Kichary, Ko - Korytnica, L- Ligota Zabrska, /:"0 - Lojowice, M- Milczany, My - Mlyny, N- Niechobrz, Ni - Niskowa, P-Pobitno, R-Rybnica, S-Samostrza16w, S-Swiniary, W~-WE:glinek, Wi­ Wiqzownica, Wl- Wieliczka, Wa - Wielog6ra, Z- Zabawa, Zg - Zglobice, Z. - Ze­ gocina; 4 - boreholes: BU - Budy-l, CZ - Czechowice, DZ - Dzialoszyce, G- Gac­ ki-l and Gacki-4, GD - Grabki Duze N-8, GW - Grzyb6w x4 and Grzyb6w x5, KR - Krywald, L - Lapczyca-l, 2 and 3, /:.,D - L~ki Dolne-l, MW - Mach6w, MO - Miechocin 0-3, MC - Mielec-6, MY - Mlyny-l, MA - Mokrzysz6w A-3, N­ Niwiska-2, NI - Niwka-l, PR - Przecisz6w, RY - Rytwiany-l, S - Sieradza-l, SO- Solec, WH - Wieliczka H-l, wZ - Wola Zyzna, WO- Wolica, ZR - Zrecze-3. Tortonian (Badenian - acc. to the suggestion of the Committee on Medi­ terranean Neogene Stratigraphy, Papp et al., 1968) and the Lower Sarmatian. The proposals concerning the classification of the Miliolidae on the basis of their internal structure and the shape of aperture have been presented in Part I (Luczkowska, 1972). Part II comprises data about the distribution and stratigraphic range of the Miliolidae in the Miocene of MILIOLIDAE FROM MIOCENE OF POLAND 5 Poland, the discussion of the rich material studied, and the descriptions of 103 species and subspecies. Specimens are stored in the Department of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Academy of Mining and Metallurgy in Cracow. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I consider it my duty to express my heartfelt thanks to all those who contributed to the completion of this work in any way. In the first place r thank A. K. Bogdanowich of the KFWNII in the USRR for sparing me so much time for discussions, consultations and correspondence and for his very valuable remarks on the classification of some genera and species. r am also greatly indebted to the following micropalaeontologists: R. Grill and A. Tollmann from Austria, 1. Zapletalova, R. Lehotayova and E. Brestenska from Czechoslovakia, K. Atkinson from England, Y. Le Calvez and G. Gla<;on from France, H. Hiltermann from Western Germany, R. Nyir6 and 1. Korecz-Laky from Hungary, and V. 1. Didkovsky, O. Dja­ nelidze, V. A. Krasheninnikov, L. S. Pishvanova, M. J. Serova and 1. V. Venglinsky from the USSR, for personal discussions, correspondence and supplying me with literature and comparative material. r am indebted to Prof. O. Pazdro, Prof. K. Pozaryska and Assist. Prof. S. Alexandrowicz for their valuable advice concerning many problems emerging in the course of work and their penetrating criticism of the study as a whole. r thank Prof. W. Krach for comparative materials from the Miocene of Austria, Hungary and Romania that r received from him. I am also very grateful to Assist. Prof. S. Liszka, Dr T. Smigielska and my Colleagues, micropalaeontologists, for their kind assistance and helpful remarks, and to Dr F. Szymakowska for copying all the text-figures. Special thanks are due to my husband, B. Schiller, for keeping me company patiently during my work, helping with collection of materials, discussing different problems and giving critical advice as well as for reading and correcting the typescript. MATERIAL The material for study was obtained from outcrops and drill cores. Its collection and preparation was carried out partly during the author's regular work and was partly enabled by a commission she received from the Institute of Geology in Warsaw and grants from the Committee for Geology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow. The comparative material coming from the Miocene of other countries and recent seas was rendered accessible or delivered to the author by the micropalaeontologists mentioned in the acknowledgments. The list of localities and the sorts of materials used in this investigation are presented below. 6 EWA LUCZKOWSKA Poland. Outcrops. Lower Tortonian: Benczyn, Brzozowa, Choment6w, Gacki, Grudna Dolna, Iwkowa, Karsy, Korytnica, Wieliczka, Zegocina. Upper Tortonian: Bogucice, Brzeznica, Chelm n/RabCl, Gliwice Stare, Grabowiec, Ligota Zabrska, Niskowa, Pobitno, Rybnica, Swiniary, WE:glinek, Zabawa, Zglobice. Sarmatian: Andrzej6wka, Bogoria, Dmosice, Dwikozy, Gieraszowice, G6ry Wysokie, Kichary, Lojowice, Milczany, Mlyny, Rybnica, Samostrza16w, Swiniary, WiClzownica, Wielog6ra. Bore holes. Tortonian and Sarmatian: Budy 1, Czechowice 1, Dzialoszyce, Gacki 1 and 2, Grabki Duze N-8, Grzyb6w x4 and x5, Krywald, Lapczyca 1, 2 and 3, LE:ki Dolne 1, Miechocin 03, Mielec 6, Mlyny 1, Mokrzysz6w A3, Niwiska 2, Niwka 1, Przecisz6w, Rytwiany 1, Sieradza 1, Solec 103, 105-108, Wieliczka HI, Wola Zyzna 104, Wolica 101, Zrecze 3. Other countries Eocene: France. - Grignon. Oligocene: Berlin (Hermsdorf). Miocene (Tortonian and Sarmatian): Austria. - Baden (Sooss), Eisenstadt, Frattingsdorf, Nexing, Nussdorf, Ritzing, Siebenhiirten, Steinabrunn, Wiesen, Voslau. Czechoslovakia. - Devinska Nova Ves, Zidlochovice. Hungary. - Hidas, Samsonhaza, Varpalota, Tekeres. Italy.­ Tortona (S. Agata Fossili), Sicily. Romania. - Buitur, Lapugiu. Pliocene: Castell Arquato (Emilia, Italy), Palermo (Sicily). Recent: Adriatic Sea (Sibenic, Grado, Val Muggia, Rovinj, Punta Grossa near Trieste); Mediterranean Sea (Haifa, Villefranche); Aegean Sea, from depths of 150 and 250 m; Tyrrhenian Sea, 23 m; Black Sea (Bosphorus region, 95 m; region border­ ing on Bosphorus, 15, 87, 93 and 98 m; Tuapse region, 47 m; Skadovsk region, 0.5 and 6.0 m); Gulf of Aden, 86 m; Arabian Sea, Omanian coast, 60 m; Indian Ocean, S of Bombay, 80 m, W of Bombay, 120 m; England (Bognor, Sussex, English Channel); Helgoland; Bergen Fiord. METHODS Two characters were used as main taxonomic criteria in determining genera: the internal structure of the test and the type of the aperture, because the number of chambers seen from the outside appeared to be a secondary character, as it is often the same in different genera (Part I, Luczkowska, 1972). In the diagnoses and descriptions of species the author confined herself to the discussion of the front side of the test, in which the number of visible chambers is larger, and the apertural view, which is very important in identifying species. The back or small-chambered side adds no new features to the description. The terminology used in the descriptions is elucidated in Text-fig. 2. In the descriptions of species of the genus Quinqueloculina two stages have been indicated, the quinqueloculine stage (QS) and the massiline stage (MS) 1), because a single stage does not cover the morphological data of the species. The dimensions are given for the smallest and the largest specimen of a given species and in the case of the genus Quinqueloculina also separately for the quinqueloculine and massiline forms. 1) The abbreviations QS and MS have been introduced in Part I (1972) for the designation of the ontogenetic stages in determining the species of Quinqueloculina. MILIOLIDAE FROM MIOCENE OF POLAND 7 Attempts were made to base the identification of species on materials from the type localities, from which they had been described originally or on materials obtained from the deposits of the same age in the neigh­ bouring area. This is especially true of the species erected by earlier authors, like d'Orbigny, Reuss or Karrer, whose orginal materials were A BOOOOOOOOO 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fig. 2. Test morphology of Miliolidae: A. Chamber arrangement and dimensions. 1-3 - Quinqueloculina, 4-6 - Pyrgo; 1,4 - front side, 2,5 - back side, 3,6 - apertural view; I, II -last chambers, III, V- central chambers (or middle chambers) of the front side, IV - central chamber of the opposite side (succession of chambers beginn­ ing at the last one); a length, b breadth, c thicknes, d width of the chamber, e aper­ ture edge, f basis of the aperture, g tooth, h periphery or edge. B. Shapes of tests. 1- broadly oval, 2 - oval, 3 - elongate oval, 4 - elongate or slender, 5 - rhom­ boid, 6 - rectangular or quadrangular, 7 - equilateral, 8 - sigmoid, 9 - ovoid.