Cover o.i7 'pule Otikt, Vice cigred" draw ok1victor/An pa t f ; pokshel bygreut,LadV-551. 7411101W-11- atedICK 7 Dues, grants and contributions are tax-deductible to th e extent allowed bylaw. • wairditheltgiester emrgletteroft chardaSocie EDITOR. Miss Linda B. atgazzini, 386Weaver Street, Larchmant, NewYork 10538 Richard III Society, Inc. is a non-prvfit educaticmal corporation chartered in1969 under the membership oorporaticm laws of the State of NewYork. Volume IV IssUe , 77.January7February 19,7o The attached illustration was donated by Mr. William Hogarth. A NOTE OF,,THAN,US T,T.wouId . like to thank- Mr William Hogarth for-designing the, new and very. handsome headline for our newsletter. As you can see, it shows our newly , acquired "incorporated" status. GOOD NEWS FROM THE 'METROPOLITAN The Metropolitan has changed both the date and the theme for the Joust in Central Park, The, date has!been changed from May 9 to Saturday,4une20, 1970. The festivities should last froma:m.:. to 5 p.m, More.importantly i .the'Met has announced that the theme will be the Fifteenth Century, (it had originally been the Year 1200). This means that Ricardians will be right in their element. I hope that moreef. .you'-will,siga,up..forthe Joust nowthat it has_a mere: Ricardian tone. If you are ',interested, please write to me4or.an information:. sheet. We need people to man the Richard III booth and to distribute material about the Richard III Society, Incorporated. We are also looking for people who can play fifteenth century songs on the lute or guitar, who can use a broadsword, who can hold the horses for.the knights in the tournament, etc. The Joust should be a most enjoyable experience, and I hope as many of you as possible will be able to attend. SECRETARY'S REPORT That portion of dues Which goes to England at this time has been sent: 104 regular members at $1,50; 15 family members at $2.00; and 23 student members at $1,00. We are in the process of changing our name at the bank, If any of you notice errors in your address or name, WRITE LINDA.. Valerie Giles,. Secretary of the English Branch', has a new address: 72 Heathfield Road, S. Croyden, Surrey, England. She handles the mailing lists for the Ricardian (among other duties). PHILADELPHIA AND WEST COAST BRANCHES Any of you who live in the Philadelphia area and would be interested in meeting with other Ricardians in your area; please write: Miss Bobbi.Jacobs, 21 Marion Hall, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr . , Pennsylvania, 19010. Paula Juelke has expressed an interest' in having a gathering of West Coast Ricardians,' If ' Page 2 anyone on the West Coast would be interested in having Such a, meeting, perhaps you might write Miss JUelke at: Box 14308, ,University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93107. MORE RECIPES! I hope that you have all recovered from the syllabub. Dr. Bernard' Witlieb of the Department of English of Bronx Community College has done some research and located recipes for two beverages which antedate syllabub. Chaucer mentions the two drinks: ypocras (Hippocras, Ipocras) mentioned. in the Merchant's Tale and clarree (clarry,'claret) mentioned in the Knight's Tale. One of the many recipes for Ipocras follows: 1 quart red wine ounce cardamons 1 ounce cinnamon ounce pepper 1- ounce ginger 1 pound sugar Bruise the spices. Place into a woolen cloth and insert into the- wine. Hang the bottle inverted over an open vessel until the xvin6. drains off, Strain. Dr. Witlieb says: "Most favored theory hold's that name derives from Hippocrates' sleeve, the term given to a strainer by apothecaries." The recipe for clarree is: .'1 . gallon honey pound. 'ginger .7 gallOn8'red Wine pound pepper - 1 pound cinnamon . • Boil and skim well the honey:. Mix ingredients with the wine. Put - into clean, stoppered barrel.- Roll often for three days. Enjoy: NOTE In the last issue of the'Register, I mistakenly said that this article appeared; originally in Le Blanc Sanglier of the Yorkshire Branch. Actually; "The Princes in the Tower - was a talk given by Miss Isolde Wigram in 1959 or 1960, Which is.bow inclUded among the Society's . papers and which was reprinted by the.Yorkshire.Branchr- • . • r . • . •`• . • ' It is not quite clear'whether at this time Richard could have been Informed Of the full...extent of the,WoodVilles'.measUres to seize. the Power that belonged rightfully to .himself, but ho must. have -been aware of the gravity of the situation. He may also have been, warned that Rivers and his • company would not stop even at an attempt , :olabis.lifp According to Mancini ; this is what he afterwards - asserted, for there wee. wagon-loads of extra arms. • concealed in the Icing's baggage . trait, as admitted . )3y. More and Mancini_ . • It has aleo to be ,borao in mind -that.the-sipg,,being entirely under the - influence of his mother's relations'., wouldbe,likely to avenge any _action. • taken against them" when he dame of age,,. Anybody therefore intending to take active measures against the' WoodvilleS know that he would have a short inning under Edward V.. -Richard was in a quandary, but homey have felt quite justifiably outraged at the entirely illegal actions of the Qu ■sen. and her'. relatives,.as . well-as recognizing that if he . triod to throw in his lot with them (although he had already written to the queen assuring her ofhis support for her children), it would not necessarily decrease the, risk of civil war resulting from the'lury,of the two other nobles. He therefore decided to arrest Lord Rirers, The two dukes set out at. dawn the. following 'day to . catch the King at Stony Stratford' before any warning .could reach him from 1Nforthampton, and there in)1,is.presence - acCused . Rivers, Dorset, and the - Hines other half-brother, Lord Richard Grey, of plotting to rule the Kingdom in his name, of provoking civil war, and intending to destroy the noble.blbod of the realm—the latter an accusation that recurs during this period with monotonous regularity,. All this of course sounds ratter reprehensible, but the first twe ac- cusations happen co be frge ; and Richard . and Buckingham. were -able to prove it by informing the King of Dorset's . sonding . the fleet- to sea and dividing ' up the King's treasure River8, - GreY, and two .thers,of, the.King's household, Sir Thomas Vaughan and Siriiichard Eawte, were therefore . sent to different o strongholds in Yorkshire, while the King was first convoyed back to Northampton ana,finally•allowed to sat forth on the jOurney to his capital - again, accompanied by the two Dukes, That.no opposition .was encountered from the 2,000 men under Rivers' 'c,ammand is possibly a tribute to Richard's own popularity. All accounts agree :that When the Kiilg entered London, Richard,-Wearing mourning,.rode• behind him, constantly declaring to the people that this.was their King, playing the •part hi S brother had laid down for him to jthe.best of his ability. To quote-Mrs. Lamb again, "His brother hadlett•him two trusts, his country and his children, but Edward had also left him a. situation which made it utterly impossible for him to fulfill them bath," . On hearing the news of her brother's and ,son's.nrrest„the Queen fled. to sanctuary, knowing presumably better than anyone else :the extent to' which she was to blame, for the .situation.'eShe tOok with her her-five surviving daughters, her son Dorset, and her youngest son, the olittle Duke of York, • aged rather over-q. This. Was, of ceurSe; an affront to the protector, and the Council, which. immediately ratified Richard's legal position as Protector, seems almost at once to have bent its efforts to inducing the ,Queen to quit :- sanctuary, I\ In the meantime, since the -immediate danger was over and the Protector in undisputed control of the situation, preparations went ahead for the young King's coronation and the summoning of his first Parliament which was also presumably to confirM Richard as Protector, since by custom a Protector's duties ceased on the King's coronation. The place for the King's lodging until his coronation was debated and the Tower decided upon, as it was the custom for the King to proceed from the Tower to his coronation. I am sure it is unnecessary for me to remind this audience that the Tower was then a Royal Palace, and one quite frequently used by Edward fly. Now comes the point at which modern historians believe Richard decided to risk everything on a bid for the crown. At some time early in June 1433 , Robert Stillington, still Bishop of Bath and Wells, revealed to Richard and probably to the whole Council as well, that Edward IV had never been lawfully married to his Queen, for at the time he was "troth-plight" to Lady Eleanor Butler, widow of Sir Thomas Butler of Sndeley and daughter of the Earl of Shrewsbury, the, great Talbot, The French chronicler, de . CoMmines, asserts that the Bishop contracted the two parties, and afterwards married them. Later the Bishop seems to have been able to satisfy Parliament as to the truth of his story, which was embodied in an act, and the strongest proof of his veracity is that Henry VII, who imprisoned the Bishop as one of the first . acts of his reign, was unable to demonstrate it to be false, Moreover, as is I think well known, this Act of Parliament entitled "Titulus-Regius," which sat forth Richard's right to the throne based on the illegitimacy Of his brother's children owing to this "pre-contract'.with Lady Eleanor Butler, was repealed by Henry without being read and all copies ordered-toebeudeStrOYedu The Tudor chroniclers therefore, either because they did not know or because it was wiser NOT to know, do not mention Lady Eleanor as the other party to the pre-contract, but suggest other ladies whose probably non-existent claims to be Edwards trhe wife.eould be demonstrated to be false', The draft of the .