Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Computer Science Theses & Dissertations Computer Science Summer 2016 Toward Open and Programmable Wireless Network Edge Mostafa Uddin Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_etds Part of the Computer Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Uddin, Mostafa. "Toward Open and Programmable Wireless Network Edge" (2016). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Dissertation, Computer Science, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/xn1x-1n38 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_etds/17 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Computer Science at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Computer Science Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TOWARD OPEN AND PROGRAMMABLE WIRELESS NETWORK EDGE by Mostafa Uddin B.S. November 2006, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY COMPUTER SCIENCE OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2016 Approved by: Tamer Nadeem (Director) Michele Weigle (Member) Kurt Maly (Member) ChunSheng Xin (Member) Mahadev Satyanarayanan (Member) ABSTRACT TOWARD OPEN AND PROGRAMMABLE WIRELESS NETWORK EDGE Mostafa Uddin Old Dominion University, 2016 Director: Dr. Tamer Nadeem Increasingly, the last hop connecting users to their enterprise and home networks is wireless. Wireless is becoming ubiquitous not only in homes and enterprises but in public venues such as coffee shops, hospitals and airports. However, most of the publicly and privately available wireless networks are proprietary and closed in operation. Also, there is little effort from industries to move forward on a path to greater openness for the re- quirement of innovation. Therefore, we believe it is the domain of university researchers to enable innovation through openness. In this thesis work, we introduces and defines the importance of open framework in addressing the complexity of the wireless network. The Software Defined Network (SDN) framework has emerged as popular solution for the data center network. However, the promise of the SDN framework is to make the network open, flexible and programmable. In order to deliver on the promise, SDN must work for all users and across all networks, both wired and wireless. Therefore, we proposed to create new modules and APIs to extend the standard SDN framework all the way to the end-devices (i.e., mobile devices, APs). Thus, we want to provide an extensible and programmable ab- straction of the wireless network as part of the current SDN-based solution. In this thesis work, we design and develop a framework, weSDN 1 (wireless extension of SDN), that ex- tends the SDN control capability all the way to the end devices to support client$network interaction capabilities and new services. weSDN enables the control-plane of wireless net- works to be extended to mobile devices and allows for top-level decisions to be made from a SDN controller with knowledge of the network as a whole, rather than device centric configurations. In addition, weSDN easily obtains user application information, as well as the ability to monitor and control application flows dynamically. Based on the weSDN framework, we demonstrate new services such as application-aware traffic management, WLAN virtualization, and security management. 1Pronounced as `wee-SDN' iii Copyright, 2016, by Mostafa Uddin, All Rights Reserved. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to my advisor Professor Dr. TAMER NADEEM, you have been a tremendous mentor for me. I would like to thank you for encouraging my research and for allowing me to grow as a research scientist. Your advice on both research as well as on my career have been priceless. I would also like to thank my committee members, professor KURT MALY, professor MICHELE WEIGLE, professor CHUNSHENG XIN, and professor MAHADEV SATYANARAYANAN for serving as my committee members even at your busy schedule. I also want to thank you for letting my defense be an enjoyable moment, and for your brilliant comments and suggestions, thanks to you. I would especially like to thank my lab mates. All of you have been there to support me during my Ph.D. journey. A special thanks to my family. Words cannot express how grateful I am to my mother, father, mother-in law and father-in-law, for all of the sacrifices that youve made for me. Your prayers for me was what sustained me this far. At the end I would like express appreciation to my beloved wife UMAMA AHMED who spent sleepless nights with and was always my support in the moments when there was no one to answer my queries. Finally, I want to mention my daughter, AAIMA MUSTAFA, whose precious smile dissolves all my tiredness after a long day. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF FIGURES . xii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 MOTIVATION . .1 1.2 PUSHING SDN TO WIRELESS NETWORK EDGES . .3 1.3 THESIS OBJECTIVE AND CONTRIBUTION . .6 1.4 ORGANIZATION . .7 2. BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK . 8 2.1 SDN OVERVIEW . .8 2.1.1 WHY SDN? . .8 2.1.2 WHAT IS SDN? . .9 2.1.3 SDN EXAMPLE . 11 2.2 SDN ARCHITECTURE . 11 2.2.1 OPENFLOW . 12 2.3 SDN APPLICATIONS . 13 2.3.1 ENTERPRISE NETWORKS . 14 2.3.2 DATA CENTERS . 14 2.4 SDN FOR WIRELESS NETWORK AND SMART DEVICES . 14 2.4.1 SDN IN CELLULAR . 14 2.4.2 SDN IN WI-FI . 16 2.4.3 SDN IN END-DEVICE . 18 2.4.4 SDN IN IOT . 19 2.4.5 SDN IN EDGE COMPUTING . 20 2.5 SUMMARY . 21 3. WESDN: WIRELESS EXTENSION OF SDN . 22 3.1 WESDN OVERVIEW . 22 3.2 WESDN ARCHITECTURE . 24 3.2.1 FLOW MANAGER . 24 3.2.2 SCHEDULER . 25 3.2.3 LOCAL CONTROLLER . 26 3.2.4 WESDN CONTROLLER . 27 3.3 WESDN SERVICES . 28 3.3.1 WLAN VIRTUALIZATION . 29 3.3.2 APPLICATION-AWARENESS NETWORKING . 30 3.3.3 SECURING WIRELESS NETWORK EDGES . 30 vi 3.3.4 SUPPORT MULTIPLE NETWORK INTERFACES . 31 3.3.5 MOBILE(CLIENT)$SDN(NETWORK)$CLOUD/CLOUDLET INTERACTIONS . 32 3.3.6 MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE BANDWIDTH OF MULTIPLE VIDEO PLAYERS . 33 3.4 ADVANTAGES OF HAVING SDN CAPABILITY AT END-DEVICES . 34 3.5 SUMMARY . 36 4. PTDMA: WLAN VIRTUALIZATION . 37 4.1 WLAN VIRTUALIZATION. 37 4.2 PTDMA . 38 4.2.1 SCHEDULING PRINCIPLES . 38 4.2.2 DOWNLINK CONTROL AND POWER-SAVING . 40 4.3 PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION. 41 4.3.1 ARCHITECTURE . 41 4.3.2 CHALLENGES . 41 4.3.3 EVALUATION . 45 4.4 RELATED WORK & DISCUSSION . 48 4.5 SUMMARY . 52 5. SMARTEDGE: TOWARD MAKING WIRELESS NETWORK EDGES TRAFFIC- AWARE.......................................................................... 53 5.1 INTRODUCTION . 53 5.2 RELATED WORK . 55 5.2.1 APPLICATION-AWARE SDN . 55 5.2.2 ML-BASED TRAFFIC CLASSIFIER . 57 5.2.3 CHALLENGES OF EXISTING TRAFFIC IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUE . 58 5.3 SMARTEDGE DESIGN . 59 5.3.1 FEATURE ENGINE . 59 5.3.2 FEATURE EXTRACTION. 61 5.3.3 GROUND-TRUTH DATA COLLECTION. 63 5.3.4 CLASSIFIER . 64 5.3.5 DEPLOYMENT MODE . 67 5.4 SMARTEDGE IMPLEMENTATION . 68.