UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA, ALIMENTARIA Y DE BIOSISTEMAS DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS. APPLICATION TO STUDY WORLDWIDE RESEARCH ON HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE AND CYBERNETICS TESIS DOCTORAL VIRENDER SINGH Master of Computer Applications Madrid, mayo de 2017 DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA AGROFORESTAL ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA, ALIMENTARIA Y DE BIOSISTEMAS DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS. APPLICATION TO STUDY WORLDWIDE RESEARCH ON HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE AND CYBERNETICS. Doctorando: VIRENDER SINGH Master of Computer Applications Director: FERNANDO RUIZ MAZARRÓN Doctor Ingeniero Agrónomo Madrid, mayo de 2017 Tribunal nombrado por el Mgfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día …… de............................... de………... Presidente D………………………………………………… Vocal D………………………………………………………. Vocal D………………………………………………………. Vocal D………………………………………………………. Secretario D…………………………………………………. Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día …… de......................... de………… en Madrid. Calificación: ……………………………….. EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank "Jwala Ji" a Hindu Goddess, for being with me at every step, to strengthen my heart and to enlighten my mind and have put on my way those people who have been present in my support and accompanied me throughout this study period. I would like to thank forever my father Balraj Singh and mother Santosh Kumari despite being not physically present, always seek my welfare from my country, India, and if it were not the efforts made by them, my doctoral studies would not have been possible. Thanks for my wife Laura Maria Stark Talavera, being the person who has shared most of the time with me, because in her company bad things become good, sadness becomes joy and loneliness does not exist. Would like to gratitude my son Avik Singh who is now 3.5 years old, he had to endure long hours without the company of his father, unable to understand because of his young age, that why his father being in front of the laptop screen and not playing with him. However, whenever we could, we take beautiful moments, as his single smile always gives me, enormous courage and extra strength. This doctoral thesis would not have been possible without cooperation, effort and dedication of Professor Dr. Ignacio Cañas Guerrero and Professor Dr. José Luis García Fernández, at each step, these are the people, who have been given me a very strong support in moments of anguish and despair. In general, I would like to thank each and every one, who have lived with me in the realization of this thesis, despite of their ups and downs, so from the bottom of my heart I would like to thank you all for giving me support, collaboration and encouragement. A special thanks to Dr. Fernando Ruiz Mazarrón for collaboration, patience and especially for the great friendship that gave me and gives me, lot of guidance and positive motivation. i Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................ 1 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................. 2 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 4 1.1. SCIENTOMETRICS ................................................................................................................. 5 1.2. USAGE OF SCIENTOMETRIC APPROACH ........................................................................... 9 1.2.1. Major Scientometric Databases ......................................................................................... 9 1.2.2. Quality and Impact of publications ................................................................................... 17 1.2.3. Statistical Tools ................................................................................................................ 23 1.2.4. Bibliometric reference management tools ........................................................................ 28 1.3. SCIENTOMETRICS STUDY HIGHLIGHTS ........................................................................... 32 1.3.1. Overview through highly cited research papers ............................................................... 32 1.3.2. Principal indicators and analyzed aspects ....................................................................... 33 2. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................ 37 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ...................................................................................................... 39 3.1. DESIGN OF METHODOLOGY TO PERFORM A GLOBAL SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS . 40 3.1.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 40 3.1.2. Main resources utilized .................................................................................................... 41 3.1.3. Scientometrics indicators ................................................................................................. 41 3.1.4. Output templates .............................................................................................................. 45 3.2. DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATION TO PERFORM THE SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................................... 61 3.2.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 61 3.2.2. Utilized hardware technologies to run computer application ............................................ 61 3.2.3. Utilized software technologies to develop computer application ...................................... 62 3.2.4. High Level Architectural Diagram ..................................................................................... 63 3.2.5. Activity Diagram ............................................................................................................... 68 3.3. APPLICATION OF THE DEFINED METHODOLOGY ........................................................... 72 3.3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 72 3.3.2. Cybernetics ...................................................................................................................... 73 3.3.3. Hardware Architecture ..................................................................................................... 73 4. RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 74 4.1. EXAMPLES OF RESULTS TEMPLATES GENERATED BY COMPUTER APPLICATION ... 75 4.1.1. To reveal the evolution of the most frequent research topics: Keyword Analysis ............. 75 4.1.2. To reveal the evolution of geographical distribution of publications, trough productivity, impact and collaborations analysis ............................................................................................... 77 i Table of contents 4.1.3. To determine the institutional distribution of publications, trough productivity, impact and collaborations analysis. ................................................................................................................. 84 4.1.4. To establish the effectiveness of the diffusion and internationalization of the worldwide research journals of the field ......................................................................................................... 89 4.2. APPLICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF RESEARCH FIELD IN CYBERNETICS ................................................................................................................. 90 4.2.1. Summary of the most outstanding results ........................................................................ 90 4.2.2. Global evolution of publications under the “Computer Science, Cybernetics” category ... 91 4.2.3. Evolution of the important research topics ....................................................................... 92 4.2.4. Evolution of research activity by country .......................................................................... 94 4.2.5. Evolution of research activity by worldwide research centres .......................................... 96 4.2.6. Internationalization and diffusion of journals Cybernetics ................................................ 97 4.3. APPLICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF RESEARCH FIELD IN HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................................... 99 4.3.1. Summary of the most outstanding results ........................................................................ 99 4.3.2. Global evolution of publications under the “Computer Science, Hardware Architecture” category ...................................................................................................................................... 100 4.3.3. Evolution of the important research topics ....................................................................