Spring Break FCAT Prep Review 7th Grade Earth/Space SC.6.E.7.4 Differentiate and show interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. 1. In 2011, a major tsunami struck the coast of Northern Japan. Read the following statements and decide which statement is TRUE based on what you know about the Earth system. A. Since tsunamis occur in the ocean, it is only possible for it to affect the hydrosphere. B. The tsunami had a great impact on the shape of Japan (geosphere) and its living organisms (biosphere). C. The tsunami only affected the organisms that live in the ocean (hydrosphere). D. It is not possible for a tsunami to affect any of the Earth systems. 2. Which two Earth spheres are interacting if a lightning strike were to start a forest fire? A. atmosphere and biosphere B. biosphere and hydrosphere C. atmosphere and geosphere D. hydrosphere and biosphere SC.8.E.5.5 Describe and classify specific physical properties of stars: apparent magnitude (brightness), temperature (color), size, and luminosity (absolute brightness). 3. The graph below shows the relationship between absolute magnitude and color in stars. Which one of these conclusions can be drawn based on the graph? A. Absolute magnitude is not related to the color of a star. B. Blue stars are farther from Earth than red stars. C. Blue stars are generally more luminous than red stars. D. A blue star will appear brighter from Earth’s surface than a red star. Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J. Ellis 4. .During a class astronomy project, the teacher displayed a table similar to the one below that relates the color of a star to its surface temperature. Temperature and Color of Various Stars Color Surface Temperature Example (K) blue Above 25,000 10 Lacertae blue-white 10,000–25,000 Rigel white 7,500–10,000 Vega yellow-white 6,000–7,500 Canopus yellow 5,000–6,000 sun orange 3,500–5,000 Aldebaran red Below 3,500 Betelgeuse The teacher gave Kwan a card with the following description of a star: Star A 6,750 K Based on the table above, what color should Kwan predict the star will be? A. red B. blue C. orange D. yellow-white SC.8.E.5.3 Distinguish the hierarchical relationships between planets and other astronomical bodies relative to solar system, galaxy, and universe, including distance, size, and composition. 5. The objects that compose our solar system vary in size. What is the largest object in our solar system? A. Earth B. Jupiter C. Sun D. Earth’s moon 6. A galaxy contains stars, gas, and dust. This matter must be held together or the galaxy will break apart. What is responsible for holding the stars, gas, and dust together in a galaxy? A. heat B. light C. gravity D. friction 7. Which of the following correctly lists the objects of space in order from largest to smallest? A. universe, galaxy, star, planet B. universe, galaxy, planet, star C. galaxy, universe, star, planet D. galaxy, universe, planet, star Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J. Ellis 8. The following table shows the densities of the planets in our solar system. Planet Density (g/cm3) Mercury 5.427 Venus 5.204 Earth 5.515 Mars 3.934 Jupiter 1.326 Saturn 0.687 Uranus 1.290 Neptune 1.638 Based on its density, which kind of planet is Uranus? A. gas giant B. terrestrial C. supergiant D. white dwarf SC.8.E.5.7 compare and contrast the properties of objects in the Solar System including the Sun, planets, and moons to those of Earth, such as gravitational force, distance from the sun, speed, movement, temperature, and atmospheric conditions. 9. From space, Earth appears blue. Both Neptune and Uranus also appear blue in color. Which of the following best describes the cause of the blue color of these planets? A. Earth has a solid core which absorbs blue light, while Neptune and Uranus have a small gaseous core which reflects all light. B. Earth is mostly covered with water, which reflects blue light, while gases in the at- mosphere of Neptune and Uranus affect their color. C. Earth has a large amount of plant foliage that reflects blue light into space, while Nep- tune and Uranus have atmospheres consisting of blue gases. D. Earth's surface has a solid core consisting of metals that reflect blue light, while Neptune and Uranus contain silicates that reflect blue light particles. 10. Of all the planets in our Solar System, Earth is the only one on which life as we know it exists. Which of the following best describes a factor that allows Earth to be capable of supporting life, while other planets are unable to do so? A. Earth revolves slowly enough for seasons to occur. B. Earth is large enough to sustain a variety of species. C. Earth has an atmosphere to filter and trap energy from the Sun. D. Earth rotates fast enough for gravity to hold objects on its surface. Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J. Ellis SC.8.E.5.9 Explain the impact of objects in space on each other including: 1. The Sun on the Earth including seasons and gravitational attraction 2. The Moon on the Earth, including phases, tides, and eclipses, and eclipses, and the relative position of each body 11. Allyse's family lives near the beach. Every day there is a high tide and a low tide. Allyse notices that sometimes the high tides are higher and the low tides are lower than they are at other times. She realizes that this happens in a predictable pattern. What causes the highest of high tides and the lowest of low tides to occur? A. Earth's axis changes the direction in which it is tilted. B. The Moon is in the first-quarter and last-quarter phases. C. The Sun, the Moon, and Earth are lined up in a straight line. D. The season changes and the temperature differences affect the water levels. 12. Kyle and Ryan are camping in Ryan's backyard in order to watch a lunar eclipse through a telescope that they have set up. Which of the following describes the positions of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun during a lunar eclipse? A. The Sun passes between Earth and the Moon. B. The Moon passes between Earth and the Sun. C. Earth passes between the Moon and the Sun. D. The Sun and the Moon pass Earth at the same time. 13. The diagram below shows the position of Earth at four different times during the year. Which two positions represent winter and summer in the Northern hemisphere, respectively? A. position A and position B B. position C and position D C. position B and position D D. position A and position C 14. What causes the phases of the Moon? A. the tilt of Earth on its axis B. Earth's shadow being cast on the Moon C. the relative positions of the Sun, Moon, and Earth D. the elliptical orbit that Earth travels around the Sun Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J. Ellis SC.7.E.6.5 Explore the scientific theory of plate tectonics by describing how the movement of Earth’s crustal plates causes both slow and rapid changes in Earth’s surface including volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and mountain building 15. The diagram shown below shows a rift zone forming between two oceanic plates. Which of these actions is shown just below the center of the rift zone? A. subduction B. magma flowing up C. lava becoming solid D. continental crust melting 16. According to the most widely accepted hypothesis, what is the main force that causes tectonic plates to move? A. force of Earth's rotation B. magnetic fields of Earth's crust C. gravitational pull of Earth's core D. convection currents in Earth's lithosphere SC.7.E.6.2 Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events (weathering and erosion) and sub-surface events (plate tectonics and mountain building). 17. Yoko wanted to create a flow chart to show how one type of rock can change into metamorphic rock. The illustration below shows what Yoko has drawn so far. Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J. Ellis Which of the following would not be an accurate label for the arrow? A. heat B. light C. pressure D. time 18. Basalt forms when lava cools on Earth’s surface. Granite forms when magma cools within the Earth. Which of these statements correctly classifies both basalt and granite? A. Basalt and granite are both igneous rocks. B. Basalt and granite are both metamorphic rocks. C. Basalt is igneous rock, and granite is metamorphic rock. D. Basalt is metamorphic rock, and granite is igneous rock. SC.7.E.6.4 Explain and give examples of how physical evidence supports scientific theories that Earth has evolved over geologic time due to natural processes. 19. The figure below shows an example of a geologic change that supports the principle of uniformitarianism. What geologic change is shown in the figure? A. abrasion B. deposition C. erosion D. volcanism 20. Scientists have discovered dinosaur fossils that have evidence of feathers. Some scientists think the feathers might have kept the dinosaurs warm. If so, in what type of environment did these dinosaurs probably live? A. hot desert B. tropical rain forest C. region near the equator D. area with cold seasonal temperatures Carver Middle School 2014-2015 Property of J.