M O D E R N M A R IN E EN G IN E E R IN G PART I THE FIRE ROOM BY HARRY G. GISIN 68 Illustration: NEW YORK D V T R A N D C M P . A N N O S O A N Y Exam WARREN STREET 2 4 4 710 192! (M m 10 ED A . SMITH M.D. W RD J , OF PREFACE Modern Marine En ineerin which THE purpose of g g , of this olume is to re e t resent da book constitutes th e first v , fl c p y This book ile rimaril inten e as a text for practice . , wh p y d d es has als een a a te to the nee s schools and colleg , o b d p d d of the practical man who desires to broaden his knowledge ’ e arin to ali for an en ineer s li ense To the man pr p g qu fy g c , Modern Marine Engineering provides an intensive course planned to fit him for his responsibilities as an engineer r I aims to tea th e n amentals rat er t an to omce . t ch fu d h h present an assorted collection of questions and answers culled ti ns from previous license examina o . ' T is k s l be al e als to th e li ense en ineer h boo hou d of v u ! o c d g r Th e a t r h as en ea r to resen t th e m st office . u ho d vo ed p o t ata in ncise and read a le rm it lear and recen d , co b fo , w h c s ti ns Th e nst ti n etail s really useful illu tra o . co ruc o d hown in these illustrations should be especially useful to marine en ineerin ra tsmen as e g g d f , w ll as to others engaged in marine en ineerin nstru ti n g g co c o . The resent l me The F re Room ile essentiall a p vo u , I , i , wh y etaile is ssi n marine e n r n als ntains d d d cu o of boil r co st uctio , o co se ti ns on iler r m a xili ries er rr n els and c o bo oo u a , boil co osio , fu m s i t on . General t e r in l din efiniti ns calcu co bu h o y, c u g d o , lations st am ta l h r ed fo he al e s etc. as een ese r t fin , b e , b rv Th e framework of this book is derived from the marine V Vi PREFACE n in n course iven rin the rl war th e e g eeri g g du g wo d , by U S . Na Steam En ineerin S l at the Stevens nsti vy g g choo I tute, a on marine H k . The ta obo en, N J. d were obtained at :first hand through studies and observations ile M st made at various bo r factories. o of the sketches contained in Modern Marine Engineering were made by the a t r ile at t a tories t th e ex e ti n t se u ho wh hese f c , wi h c p o of ho on iler r m a xili ri h e e hile on s i oar . bo oo u a es, which mad w h pb d HARRY G . GISIN anuar 1 2 J y 7. 9 1 CONTENTS z B 10 . UNKERS AND L NK . FUE On . TA S xx. I 2 . 1 3 . COMBUSTION 1 r 4. DErmrrIONs AND CALCULATIONS ; EVAronAn ON, Em cmNc , ETC LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 29. c o - o of il 3 . Cr ss secti n B . 8: W. bo er oil burner . i 1 R r of r . W . 3 , ea v ew steam d um B 8: boiler . h o 32 . Drum ead showing manh le opening inside view of drum Fro t vi of st r owin l n ew eam d umsh g externa fittings B . W . r Steam drum and fittings B . W . boile Header showing oval h andh ole opening s Header showing sq uare h andh ole opening s Sketch of bottom part of casing sh owing water leg Sketch of side boxes W . o urner Interior view of furnace B . il b m il W . ile a e t Tiling for B . 8: bo rs b e Sketch of side door showing dusting slides Section of tubes and h eaders af ter being tes ted White-Forster boiler complete showing casing and number of furnaces in detail . il t - or ter iler Mud drum in deta , Whi e F s bo i -Fors er iler Side v ew of steam drum, White t bo r h i - or r oiler Front view of steam d um, W te F ste b Cross-section of gauge glass W . oiler . Sketch of furnace front and burners B . b LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS H OURS 62 F . eed water heater closed type 63 6 t o o o il i 4. Ske ch sh wing tw furnace Sc tch bo er equ pped with 2 MODERN MARINE ENGINEERING 6. Ch aracteristics of Fire Tube Boilers a Sl w steamers slow in ettin u st ( ) o g g p eam. 6 Lar e antities ( ) g qu of water. a Furna es wit in th s ( ) c h e hell . d Gases ass t r h s ( ) p h ough t e tube . ‘ 6. M es of Fire Tube Boilers 2 D le en ( ) oub ded . Sfa y Bolfs Comb as fion Chamber ( 6) Direct 1 L m e ( ) oco otiv . 2 G ( ) unboat. BOILERS 3 h B 7. Advantag es of Scotc oiler Du ( a) Loss fluctuation in steam pressure. e to th e large ater if t ere is an ten en f or th e r volume of w , h y d cy p essure m ill imme iatel be rm o r m re stea e . An t r t d op, o w d y fo d o he r as n f or s all fl t ati n is t at due to th ns n e o m uc u o h , e co tructio th t iler t ere is a lar e steam s a e i a s of e Sco ch bo , h g p c , wh ch ct r ir as a rese vo . l s ttention to ire Sin e th e u rna ( b) Require es a f . c f ces and m n c am ers are se arate enin th e r th co bustio h b p , op g doo of e furnace does not aff ect th e boiler as much as in th e case of a il r water tube bo e . io to he w T is is h ( c) Requires less attent n t ater. h d ue to t e r Th an r larg er volume of th e wate . e d g e of a d ry boiler is One ater ten er can take are 1 2 reduced . w d c of Scotch boilers while h e could not take care of more than two or ers three water tube boil . o e Sin h ( d) Less radiation l ss s . ce t e furnaces are within th e s ell th e h ot ases m sti n not me in nta h , g Of co bu o do co co ct with any surface which is not surrounded with water un til t e they come to th e up ak . F oin Th e S tc iler is a ri i l n str ( e) ewer j ts . co h bo g d y co ucted il r i all th e ar s se rel as e t t tene and ra e . bo , w h p cu y f d b c d T ere are a f ew n re r in h e S t iler ereas h hu d d pa ts t co ch bo , wh h er ma b a few s r T ere t e y e thou and in th e water tube boile . h are 13 manhole plates in a double ended Scotch boiler while there are 700 handhole plates in th e front and back headers B a . 8: W . ater t il r of w ube bo e . Less dan s t e d It ma be ne essar to use ( j) ger f rom al f e . y c y MODERN MARINE ENGINEERING a er T is can sa l be se in a S t r t . e le wi salt w h f y u d co ch boi , th r er re a i ns as t ere are no small s a s th e p op p c ut o , h p ce between n s sh ell and ack ead s. the fur ace , b h a i a n Th man l ( g) Easy to ex m ne nd clea . e ho es are large enough to allow a man to climb through and clean off the s The a r si s m s be ke l n f or n urfaces.