Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging Yanis Mehdi Benane To cite this version: Yanis Mehdi Benane. Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging. Signal and Image processing. Université Lyon 1 - Claude Bernard, 2018. English. tel-02072384v1 HAL Id: tel-02072384 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02072384v1 Submitted on 19 Mar 2019 (v1), last revised 11 Jul 2019 (v2) HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N°d’ordre NNT : xxx THESE de DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON opérée au sein de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Ecole Doctorale N° 162 MECANIQUE, ENERGETIQUE, GENIE CIVIL, ACOUSTIQUE Spécialité de doctorat : ACOUSTIQUE ET TRAITEMENT DE SIGNAL Discipline : Imagerie ultrasonore Soutenue publiquement le 10/12/2018, par : Mehdi Yanis BENANE Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging Devant le jury composé de : Président du jury : …………… Rapporteur : Kouame, Denis Professeur des Universités, Université de Toulouse Petitjean, Caroline Maître de conférence, Université de Rouen Normandie Examinateurs : Lavarello, Roberto, Professeur des Universités, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Garreau, Mireille, Professeur des Universités, Université Renes 1 Bera, Jean Christophe, Professeur des Universités, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Co-directeur de thèse : Christian CACHARD, Professeur des Universités, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Olivier BASSET, Professeur des Universités, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Yanis Benane 2 UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD - LYON 1 Président de l’Université M. le Professeur Frédéric FLEURY Président du Conseil Académique M. le Professeur Hamda BEN HADID Vice-président du Conseil d’Administration M. le Professeur Didier REVEL Vice-président du Conseil Formation et Vie Universitaire M. le Professeur Philippe CHEVALIER Vice-président de la Commission Recherche M. Fabrice VALLÉE Directeur Général des Services M. Alain HELLEU COMPOSANTES SANTE Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est – Claude Bernard Directeur : M. le Professeur J. ETIENNE Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud – Charles Directeur : Mme la Professeure C. BURILLON Mérieux Directeur : M. le Professeur D. BOURGEOIS Faculté d’Odontologie Directeur : Mme la Professeure C. VINCIGUERRA Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques Directeur : M. le Professeur Y. MATILLON Institut des Sciences et Techniques de la Réadaptation Directeur : Mme la Professeure A-M. SCHOTT Département de formation et Centre de Recherche en Biologie Humaine COMPOSANTES ET DEPARTEMENTS DE SCIENCES ET TECHNOLOGIE Faculté des Sciences et Technologies Directeur : M. F. DE MARCHI Département Biologie Directeur : M. le Professeur F. THEVENARD Département Chimie Biochimie Directeur : Mme C. FELIX Département GEP Directeur : M. Hassan HAMMOURI Département Informatique Directeur : M. le Professeur S. AKKOUCHE Département Mathématiques Directeur : M. le Professeur G. TOMANOV Département Mécanique Directeur : M. le Professeur H. BEN HADID Département Physique Directeur : M. le Professeur J-C PLENET UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives Directeur : M. Y.VANPOULLE Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers de Lyon Directeur : M. B. GUIDERDONI Polytech Lyon Directeur : M. le Professeur E.PERRIN Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique Directeur : M. G. PIGNAULT Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Lyon 1 Directeur : M. le Professeur C. VITON Ecole Supérieure du Professorat et de l’Education Directeur : M. le Professeur A. MOUGNIOTTE Institut de Science Financière et d'Assurances Directeur : M. N. LEBOISNE Yanis Benane 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENT - First of all, I would like to thank my two thesis supervisors Prof Christian Cachard and Prof Olivier Basset who believed in me and gave me my chance three years ago. Without your trust, this dream would certainly never have come true. THANK YOU! - A big “thank you” also to Prof Roberto Lavarello for the very fruitful close collaboration that we have maintained during these three years. - "Denis Bujoreanu", I think everything is said when I say "Denis Bujoreanu" ;) - I would like to thank all the people from the CREATIS laboratory with whom I collaborated. A special mention for the "Ultrasound team" and even more special for Denis Bujoreanu, Emilia Badescu, Vincent Perrot and Maxime Polichetti. - I would like to acknowledge all the collaborators and friends at the "Laboratorio d'Imagenes Medicas" for their sense of welcome and support during my 6 month stay in Peru. - A special thank also for Jean-Michel Escoffre and Anthony Novell from the laboratory “Imagerie et Cerveau” in Tours and Emilie Franceschini from the LMA laboratory in Marseille. To my friends: Pininou, Tarik, Farouk and Lazhar; To my brother-in-law: Anass; To my sisters: Belynda, Lylia and Aziadée. Three more people to thank: DAD and MUM, all the words of the world are not enough to describe my gratitude and my respect towards you and all what you have done for me. LYNDA, you are MY ALL. Yanis Benane 4 ABSTRACT Ultrasound imaging is a diagnostic tool widely used thanks to such virtues as real-time data acquisition / processing, ease of use and safety for the patient / practitioner during examination. However, when compared to other imaging methods such as X-ray tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the echography has the disadvantage to provide relatively low image quality. In this thesis, a method that is able to increase the ultrasound image quality, thus paving the way towards improved diagnostics based on echography and novel ultrasound applications, is studied. In order to increase the echo signal to noise ratio of the received signals, linear frequency modulated signals (also called chirps) are proposed. To avoid the negative effect of the bandlimited acquisition probe, a pre- enhancement step is applied on the probe excitation signals, in order to boost the signal energy in the frequency bands where the probe is less efficient. Wiener filters that allow obtaining a good trade-off between the spatial resolution and noise stability are used to compress the echo energy. The previously detailed pipeline (also called REC: Resolution Enhancement Technique) is applied on ultrafast imaging schemes. Promising results in simulation and in-vitro, ex-vivo, in-vivo acquisitions are shown. Furthermore, REC was adapted in such way that the frequency dependent tissue attenuation effect is compensated for. This improvement is validated in simulation and phantom experiments. REC was also adapted to the nonlinear propagation of ultrasound waves, by proposing a pulse inversion technique that uses REC to provide a better image resolution and contrast to noise ratio. Then, the generality of the REC method was demonstrated by applying it to different acquisition schemes such as diverging wave compounding and Multi Line Transmit (MLT). We also show that the image quality can be increased more by taking into account the spatial impulse response of the ultrasound probe when REC and MLT are combined. The last contribution of this thesis consists on combining orthogonal binary codes with REC pre-enhanced chirps in order to boost further the eSNR provided by REC while keeping its good performance in axial resolution. The method is applied to diverging wave compounding. Pairs of diverging waves are transmitted/received/reconstructed simultaneously thanks to the orthogonality property of the Golay codes. The results show that the proposed method is able to obtain a better image quality than conventional pulse imaging. Yanis Benane 5 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Medical ultrasound imaging ............................................................................................... 14 1.2 Thesis objective .................................................................................................................... 14 1.3 Thesis organization .............................................................................................................. 15 PART I: STATE OF THE ART ..................................................................................................... 17 2. ULTRASOUND GENERALITIES ................................................................................................ 18 2.1 Linear ultrasound ................................................................................................................ 19 2.1.1 The ultrasound wave ................................................................................................... 19 2.1.2 Propagation phenomenon ........................................................................................... 19 2.1.3 Linear propagation ...................................................................................................... 20 2.1.4 Transmission and reflection of an ultrasound wave ................................................. 23 2.1.5 Ultrasound