Photo-Identification Catalogue Killer whales of the Crozet Islands 2003 - 2011 Paul Tixier, Nicolas Gasco, Cécile Roche, Christophe Guinet Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé - CNRS Villiers en Bois 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort CEBC-CNRS 2011 1 Killer whales of the Crozet Islands Austral and Antarctic French Territories Photo-Identification Catalogue 2003-2011 Paul Tixier, Nicolas Gasco, Cécile Roche, Christophe Guinet Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé - CNRS Villiers en Bois 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort CEBC-CNRS 2011 2 Preface This catalogue presents the frequently encountered killer whales that were photo-identified around the Crozet islands between 2003-2011. Pictures were taken and analyzed according to the photo-identification protocol developed in the NE Pacific by Bigg (1982). Priority was on left sides of the dorsal fin and saddle patch but for some individuals there were good pictures of the right side only. The edition of this catalogue was greatly based on catalogues produced by Bigg and colleagues (Bigg et al., 1987; Ford and Ellis, 1999; Ford et al., 2000) over the past 30 years. Pictures were taken from two distinct platforms: the Possession Island coastline, by the people working at the base Alfred Faure, and the seven Patagonian toothfish longliners allowed to operate within the Crozet EEZ, by the fishery observers. Two socially and morphologically distinct types of killer whales are observed in the Crozet waters: regular killer whales for which we have most of the data ( and the so called “Type- D” killer whales (Pitman et al., 2011) that have been sighted on few occasions only. The catalogue. In this catalogue, individuals are organized according to social relatedness. Social analysis were performed and association indexes were estimated using Whitehead (2009) methodology. Social units were given an unique code (upper left corner). This catalogue intends to assist in identification the different people encountering these whales. Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 3 Study Area N Ilot des apôtres Ile aux cochons Ile de la Ile des Possession pingouins Ile de l’Est CROZET ISLANDS 50 km Sightings from longliners o Sightings from Possession Island Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 4 C037 C035 ♂ C037 ♀ C038 ♀ C116 ♀ Possession Key C035 Alpha-numeric individual code ♂ Gender (when known) Association Index* > 0.5 0.3 < Association Index < 0.5 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 5 C128 C068 ♂ C069 ♀ C128 Possession C161 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 6 C042 C041 ♂ C042 ♀ C043 ♀ C046 Possession Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 7 C011 C011 ♀ C079 C080 Possession Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 8 C002 C002 ♀ C004 ♀ C006 ♀ C135 Possession Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 9 C138 C138 C186 C172 ♀ C185 ♀ C165 Possession Longliners C184 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 10 C010 C010 ♀ Possession Longliners C158 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 11 C121 C121 ♀ C143 ♀ Possession Longliners C200 C211 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 12 C024 C024 ♀ C032 ♂ Possession Longliners C157 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 13 C022 C156 C022 ♀ Longliners Longliners C009 ♂ Possession Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 14 C063 C063 ♀ C064 ♂ Possession Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 15 C016 (See p. 15) C016 ♀ C017 C023 ♂ Possession Longliners Longliners Longliners C149 Possession Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 16 C018 C015 C019 ♀ C018 ♀ C020 ♂ C014 ♂ Possession Longliners C148 ♀ Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 17 C119 C025 ♂ C127 ♀ C027 C119 ♀ Possession Longliners C188 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 18 C012 C012 C133 C132 ♀ C137 ♀ Possession Longliners C131 C187 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 19 C139 C106 ♀ C140 C139 Possession Longliners C155 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 20 C021 C021 ♀ C007 ♂ Possession Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 21 C013 C013 ♀ C087 C122 ♂ Longliners Longliners C173 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 22 C013 C111 ♀ C142 Longliners Longliners C174 ♀ Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 23 C081 (part 1) C081 ♀ C083 C154 C082 Longliners Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 24 C081 (part 2) C147 C150 ♂ C152 C153 Longliners Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 25 C167 C165 ♂ C166 ♂ C167 C168 C170 Longliners Longliners Longliners Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 26 C124 C124 C151 C129 ♂ Longliners Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 27 C099 C099 C100 C103 C104 ♀ C101 ♀ Longliners Longliners C162 C163 C102 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 28 C195 C194 ♂ C195 C201 ♀ C193 ♂ C169 C086 ♂ C225 Longliners Longliners Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 29 C190 C189 ♂ C190 C191 C192 Longliners Longliners C202 Crozet killer whales 2003-2011 30 References Bigg, M.A. 1982. An assessment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) stocks off Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Report of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 32: 655–666. Bigg M.A., Ellis G.M., Ford J.K.B. and Balcomb K.C. 1987. Killer whales. A study of their identification, genealogy & natural history in British Columbia and Washington State. Phantom Press, Nanaimo, BC, 79pp. Bigg, M.A., Olesiuk P.F., Ellis G.M., Ford J.K.B., Balcomb K.C. 1990. Social organization and genealogy of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State. Report of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 12: 383–405. Ford J.K.B. and Ellis G.M. 1999. Transients: Mammal Hunting Killer Whales. UBC Press, Vancouver, 97pp. Ford J.K.B., Ellis G.M. and Balcomb K.C. 2000. Killer whales. The natural history and genealogy of Orcinus orca in British Columbia and Washington. Second edition. UBC Press, Vancouver, 104pp. Pitman R. L., Durban J. W., Greenfelder M., Guinet C., Jorgensen M., Olson P. A., Plana J., Tixier P., Towers J. R. 2010. Observations of a distinctive morphotype of killer whale Orcinus orca, type D, from subantarctic waters. Polar Biology Whitehead, H. 2009. In: Analyzing Animal Societies. The University of Chicago Press. 31 Acknowledgments We wish to thank all photographers involved in this study, whether they are fishery observers on longliners or field workers on the Possession Is. We are grateful to all the people that have inspired this work especially the following: Mike Bigg, Graeme Ellis, John Ford, Kenneth Balcomb, Craig Matkin, Eva Saulitis, Lance Barrett Lennard, Paul Spong and Helena Symonds. We are also thankful to the following partners and organizations that have contributed to the study of the Crozet killer whale population for many years Centre National de la Recherche scientifique Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises Institut Paul Emile Victor Armements de pêche de la Réunion 32 Photographers AUBERT Jean Luc; BARRETT-LENNARD Lance; BEILLOEIL; BELBEYC'H Bruno; BERTHET Philippe; BERTRAND Geoffrey; BLANCHARD Pierrick; BOITEAU Christophe; BONNET Joël; BOST Charles-André; BURLE Marie-Hélène; CARCAILLET Christopher; CARDOT Gilles; CHEVRIER Claude; DE STEPHANIS Renaud; DERVAUX Antoine; DESMARET Rolland; DESPIN Bernard; DONDELINGER Caroline; DOREMUS Ghislain; DUFRENE Rémy; FERNANDEZ Eric; FOURNIER Jean-Charles; GASCO Nicolas; GAUTHIER-CLERC Michel; GOUEDARD Yvon; GUINET Christophe; HANDRICH Yves; HANUISE Nicolas; HOARAU Eric; LANGUENOU Roger; LE CORRE Yann; LEGRAND Jérôme; LEMARCHAN Christian; LEQUETTE Benoît; LERIDON Jean; LEROUX Eric; LESCAROUX Jean-Michel; MAISON Jérome; MANGIN Stéphane; MANILEVE Patrick; MARECHAL Pierre; MELLEE Jean-Luc; MOURIES Jacques; NOORKHAN Alain; NOYAN Patrick; PAULIN Rémy; PAWLOWSKI Frédéric; PERROT Yohann; PETER Jean; PRUDOR Aurélien; RIDOUX Vincent; RINGOT Frédéric; SCHWEBEL Luc; SORIN Dominique; STENBERGER Ludovic; TIXIER Paul; VERLAND Henri; VERMANDE Hugues; VILLEMIN Catherine; WEIMERSKIRCH Henri 33 © Paul Tixier 34 Couverture © Paul Tixier .