Subject Index A diseases of, on urinary excretion of androgens, 454, 471, 512-514 Acetic acid biological conversion to of 17-ketosteroids, 454, 512-515 cholesterol, 622 on mammary gland, 712, 714, 715, 21-Acetoxyallopregnane-3,20-dione, ac- 745, 757 tivity of, 598 potassium metabolism, 263 6(a)-Acetoxydesoxycorticosterone, activ- sodium metabolism, 263 ity of, 599 isolation of adrenosterone from, 470, 3(/3)-Acetoxy-A5-etiocholenic acid, con- 477 version to 11-desoxycorticosterone, androgens from, 470 570-572 androstane-3(ß),ll(ß)-diol-17-one 21-Acetoxypregnane-3,20-dione, activity from, 470, 477 4 of, 598 A -androstene-3,17-dione from, 470, 21-Acetoxypregnenolone, activity of, 598 477 6(ß)-Acetoxyprogesterone, desoxycorticosterone from, 453 activity of, 440 17(0)-hydroxyprogesterone from, partial synthesis, 438-441 470, 477 Acetylcholine, progesterone from, 453 action as neurohormone, 2 pure hormone from, 2 Achlya, hormonal control of sexual reac- lactation and, 761-767 tion in, 117, 118 masculinization due to hyperactivity Acids, of, 421 auxin action and organic, 65 relation between urinary reducing estric, see Estric acids, and under capacity and function of, 610, 611 name of individual compounds Adrenal glands, inactivation of insulin by, 309 as source of estrogens, 380, 381, 385 wound hormone activity of dicar- effect of diseases of, on urinary excre- boxylic, 79 tion of pregnane-3(A),20(OO-diol, Acrasiales, nature of aggregation stimu- 449 lus in, 118 on biological conversion of androgens Acrasin, 119 into estrogens, 398 Addison's disease, carbohydrate metabolism, 327 urinary excretion of androgens in, 508, total metabolism, 317 515 isolation of allopregnanolones from, of 17-ketosteroids in, 508, 515, 533 448 Adenine, leaf growth activity of, 99 progesterone from, 447 root-forming activity of, 37, 111 pure hormone from, 2 Adrenal cortex, relation to parathyroid glands, 278 6 as source of A -androstene-3(/3), 17(a)- Adrenalectomy, diol, 614 effect on mammary gland, 713 of pregnane-3(a), 20a-diol, 615 pituitary prolactin, 789 of A5-pregnene-3(/3),20o:-diol, 615 inhibitory effect on lactation, 762 effect of androgens on, 539 Adrenaline, SUBJECT INDEX 847 action as neurohormone, 2 17-hydroxy-ll-dehydrocorticoste- Adrenocortical extracts, rone, 563 activity of amorphous fractions of, isolation from adrenal cortex, 470, 477 592, 593 physical properties, 556 combined action of, and prolactin on Adrenotrophic hormone, of anterior pitui- lactation following hypophysec- tary, 665-674 tomy, 768 bioassay of, 665, 666, 670 metabolism of, 602ff. composition of, 671, 687 occurrence of 17-hydroxy-ll-dehydro- effect of formaldehyde on, 673 corticosterone in, 551, 552 iodine on, 673 preparation of, 550-552 ketene on, 672 Adrenocortical hormones, nitrous acid on, 672 see under Adrenocortical steroids, and trypsin on, 673 under name of individual com- isolation from sheep pituitaries, 667, pounds 670 Adrenocortical steroids, see also under swine pituitaries, 667 name of individual compounds physicochemieal properties, 670-672, biological conversion to 17-ketosteroids, 686 526-534 solubility, 671 chemical structure and activity of, 562, stability, 671 563, 596-601 Aeschynomene indica, isolation of wound chemistry of, 522-601 hormone from, 79 cholesterol as precursor of, 621, 622 Ailanthus, isolation of hexenal from, 82 combined action of, and prolactin on Alanine, in insulin, 308 lactation following hypophysec- Alcohol, inactivation of insulin by acid, tomy, 756 310 configuration of, 561, 564-567, 570- Aldehydes, reaction with insulin, 311 574, 575 Alimentary tract, effect of enterogas- reduction products, 428 trone on resistance of, to ulcerative effect of ascorbic acid on the biological lesions, 229-231 conversion of cholesterol to, 622, Alkali, inactivation of insulin by, 309 623 Allatectomy, on lactation, 764-767 effect on egg development in insects, mammary growth, 712ff., 723 140 from desoxycholic acid, 574-578 Lepidoptera larvae, 133 etiocholanic acids, 412 postembryonic development of in- lactogenic properties, 757, 758 sects, 132, 133 metabolism of, 602-623 tissue growth, 146 methods of isolation, 560 Allen-Doisy method, for estrogen assay, oxidation of, 563 342, 344 structure of, 557-596 Allopregnane, urinary excretion of metabolites, 602- configuration of, 561 613, 620, 621 from corticosterone, 563 as index of adrenocortical func- structure of, 561 tion, 602, 606 Allopregnane derivatives, reactivity of Adrenosterone, functional groups, 430 activity of, 470 stereoisomerization of, 429 biological conversion of adrenal ster- Allopregnane-3 (a),20a-diol, oids to, 532 source of, 481, 619, 620 from desoxycholic acid, 589-592 Allopregnane-3 (β),20a-diol, 848 SUBJECT INDEX source of, 619 biological conversions of, 527-529 Allopregnane-3(/3),20ß-diol, physical properties of, 553 source of, 459, 620 source of, 527, 553 Allopregnanediols, Allopregnane-3(/3), 11 (/3),21-triol-20-one, sources of, 449, 459, 460 biological conversions of, 530-532 Allopregnane-3 (β),21-diol-11,20-dione, physical properties of, 554 physical properties, 554 source of, 554 source of, 554 Allopregnane-3(I3),17A)3,,,21-triol-20-one, Allopregnane-3(a),17uo!,,-diol-20-one, metabolism, 607 metabolism of, 607 physical properties of, 554 Allopregnane-3 (β), 1Τ' β9 '-diol-20-one, source of, 554 biological conversions of, 532, 533 Allopregnan-3 (a)-ol-20-one, physical properties, 555 source of, 620 Allopregnane-3,20-dione, Allopregnan-3 (0)-ol-2O-one, configuration of reduction products, isolation from swine testis, 481 427 physical properties of, 556 conversion to progesterone, 417-419 source of, 620 source of, 620 Allopregnanolones, sources of, 448 Allopregnane-3(ß),ll(ß),17''/r7,20,21- Δ ^Allopregnene-S, 20-dione, pentol, activity of, 445 biological conversions of, 527, 528 partial synthesis of, 445 physical properties, 553 Δ 16-Allopregnene-3,20-dione, source of, 527, 553 activity of, 445 Allopregnane-3(/3),17ii/3,,,20/3,21-tetrol, from tigogenin, 411 biological conversions of, 530, 531 partial synthesis of, 445 physical properties, 554 A16-Allopregnen-3(ß)-ol-3-one, source, 554 source of, 450 Allopregnane-3(oO,ll,17<'0",21-tetrol-2O- Alloxan, diabetes mellitus due to admin- one, istration of, 321 biological conversions of, 527-529, Amino acids, 530, 531 in insulin, 308 source of, 527 leaf growth activity of, 99 Allopregnane-3 (β), 1Τ1 β ' ', 20,21-tetrol-11- root-forming activity of, 111 one, transport through plant tissue, 28 biological conversions of, 527-529 l-Aminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid, con- source of, 527 version to equilenin, 352 Allopregnane-3 (β), 11 (β), 17" β ' ' ,21-tetrol- Ammonium, 20-one, effect on root formation, 37 physical properties, 553 Amphibians, effect of pregneninolone on source of, 553 sexual development of, 540 Allopregnane-3 O), 16,20-triol, testosterone on, 540 source of, 450, 620 Andrena, structure of, 451 effects of parasitic castration on, 138 Allopregnane-3 (β), 17" β ' ',20 (a)-triol, Androgens, see also under name of biological conversions of, 532-533 individual compounds Allopregnane-3(0),17"/R',2O(/3)-triol, absorption from gastrointestinal tract, biological conversions of, 532-533 518 physical properties of, 555 through skin, 519 Allopregnane-SO^^'ß'^l-triol-ll^O- activators of, 493 dione, anabolism of, 519 SUBJECT INDEX 849 antagonism of estrogens to, 538 biological conversion of androstane- of, to estrogens, 539 3,17-dione to, 534-536 bioassay of, by the capon's comb A1-androstene-3,17-dione to, 534, method, 489-490 535 chicks comb method, 490, 492 Androstane-3(a),ll-diol-17-one, see 11- mammalian tests, 492, 493 Hydroxyandrosterone biochemistry of, 469-540 Androstane-3(j8), 11 (/3)-diol-17-one, biological conversion to estrogens, 397, isolation from adrenal cortex, 470 398, 525, 526 physical properties, 556 chemical determination, 494-496 3,17-Androstanedione, effect of bacteria on, 534-536 absorption from gastrointestinal tract, yeast on, 53Φ-536 518 effect on blood calcium in birds, 278 bacterial reduction of, 535, 536 mammary growth, 728-730 conversion to androsterone, 522-524 nipple growth, 738 enzymatic reduction of, 534, 535 in bile, 521 Androstan-3(a)-ol-17-one, see Andros- inactivation of, 534 terone international standard, 493 Androstan-3(/3)-ol-17-one, see Isoandros- isolation from adrenal cortex, 470, terone 477-481 Androstan-3 (/?)-ol-x-one, urine, 471-474 source of, 481, 620 metabolism of, 517-535 structure of, 482 mode of action, 535-538 modes of administration and biological Androstan-17(a)-ol-3-one, as metabolite of testosterone, 523 response, 518, 519 Androstanetriol, partial synthesis, 360ff. ie Polarographie determination, 493 from A -androsten-3(/3)-ol, 378 role of ovaries in mammary response Androstenediol, to, 729 conversion to α-estradiol, 398, 399 sources of, 2, 469-483 effect on mammary growth, 729 5 synergism with thyroxine, 538 Δ -Androstene-3 (β), 17 (a)-diol, vitamin E, 537 adrenocortical function and urinary synergistic effect of, and estrogens on excretion of, 602, 606 mammary growth, 729 as metabolite of dehydroisoandros- urinary excretion of, in Addison's terone, 524, 525, 614 disease, 508, 515 testosterone, 523 levels in men, 496-517 bacterial conversion of, 535, 537 in animals, 516 estrogenic activity of, 398 Δ3 ·5-Andr ost adien-17-on e, source of, 614 from dehydroisoandrosterone, 487, 488 A5-Androstene-3(0),17(jÖ)-diol, occurrence as artifact in urine, 487 as metabolite of dehydroisoandros- Androstane, terone in rabbits, 614 configuration of, 561 Androstenedione, structure of, 561