00003007t0000,000000000 0,0, 00000,0000000000,0000,0000,0,,000,,000, 000 000 000000000000,000, V " 1111V7 • • z • fP .NO, %4- s 4r;:**, "rat 14 1 4 al It "RA 6, ..„ ■• • ' 104 • 4•• 1, I' -;ff. \ • ' 111'1:14*7 • 414.4 • •""*. VI • .4 t ;o• 0 A 4+1111E • September, 1957 PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES OF CANADA CON TEN TS VOL. 10 NO. 3 FEATURES Inspection Vessel Joins Fisheries Fleet 3 Canada's Sardine Fishery 4 Mobile Fish Inspection Laboratory 8 New Methods in Cannery Operations 9 CANADIAN FISHERIES NEWS Newfoundland 4-H Club Features Fish 10 Canadian Fisheries Exhibit in New York 10 Pacific Survey 11 Pollution Pipeline 11 Toxicity Tested 11 B. C. Tuna Fishery 12 New Research Vessel 12 Fisheries Figures For July 13 FISHERIES NEWS FROM ABROAD Chemical Paper Tests Fish Freshness 15 Nigeria Buys Icelandic Stockfish 15 Norway: Export Table, January-June, 1957 16 CURRENT READING 17 COVER PHOTOGRAPH: An important part of a New Brunswick sardine canning plant is the packing section, which is manned ex- clusively by women. For further details on this industry see ar- ticle beginning on Page 4. The contents of TRADE NEWS have not been copyrighted and may be reprinted although ence to the source would be appreciated. For further information regarding TRADE NEWS to the Director of Information and Educational Service, Department of Fisheries, Ottawa, C Inspection Vessel Joins Fisheries Fleet The "Belle Bay" at her launching_._ PECIALTY is the word for the motor launch "Belle Bay" which slid down the builder's ways S When the "Belle Bay" goes into service in at Owen Sound, Ontario, late in August to join the November this year she will be fully-equipped with far-flung fleet of the federal Department of Fish- scientific and navigational devices to fulfill this im- eries. portant role. Perhaps the showpiece of the excep- tional craft will be the laboratory which, in layout The trim, 69-foot vessel is specially de- and equipment, will provide the scientific team with signed, specially builtand will be specially equipped all the facilities necessary to their work. to serve the Newfoundland fish processing industry. Among the auxiliary services, the electric The only vessel of its kind in North America, power supply is worthy of note. This will be pro- the "Belle Bay" is in reality a floating laboratory. vided by diesel generators independent of the ship's Her career will be an extension of the service which s e r v i c e with an output sufficient to illuminate a the Department provides through its Fish Inspec- small village. A bottled gas system will supply the tion Laboratory in St. John's, Newfoundland. ship's domestic and laboratory requirements. COMPLICATED PROBLEMS Navigational aids will include radio-tele- Underlining the Department's activities in this phone, depth recorder and radar. The ship's crew respect is the objective of helping the fishing in- will consist of three men and the scientific work dustry turn out top quality food products from the will be carried out by a bacteriologist and a tech- abundant resources of the seas and the vast inland nician. water areas. But each area -- the Pacific, the At- lantic and the inland -- presents its own problems Of welded steel construction, the "Belle Bay" and those in Newfoundland are complicated by the is a single screw, raised forecastle type with rak- difficulties that exist in communication and the lack ing stem round at the deck and a c u r v e d raking of roads to many coastal areas. transom stern. She is 17 feet in beam, and in salt water will draw not more than 4 feet 10 inches with Added to this is the fact that the quick-freez- crew and effects, freshwater and fuel supplies, and ing plants are widely dispersed around the rugged stores aboard. Her cost, fully equipped, will be coastline and in many cases located in areas inac- over $125,000. cessible by the usual land services. These factors compound the ordinary problems involved in trans- A 2,700 mile trip through inland waterways porting highly perishable samples to the St. John's and a portion of the Atlantic faced the "Belle Bay" Inspection Laboratory for the necessary scientific after her launching. This takes her through part of tests. Lake Huron, all of Lakes Erie and Ontario and the St. Lawrence River with their locks and canals, In the past the Department has tackled these and finally across Cabot Strait to Newfoundland. obstacles by utilizing both its own helicopters and She is expected to arrive there during the second chartered aircraft to provide speedy transport. The week in October when installation of the laboratory "Belle Bay" will bridge this costly and frequently equipment will immediately be started to enable the inconvenient gap by making it possible to conduct vessel to go into operation within the shortest pos- ugh refer. the scientific tests on the spot.. sible time. tie EWS write a, Canada -3- CANADA'S SARDINE INDUSTRY Charlotte County, the picturesque southwest corner of New Brunswick is the noted for many things: its scenic valleys, tin forested hills, quaint native placenames, pb site of early Canadian history-making, to in mention but a few. But its chief claim to ce fame on the fisheries scene at any rate, ph lies in the fact that it is the heart of the thi Canadian sardine industry, home of the lir largest sardine canning plant in the Brit- ish Commonwealth. The "Rollins" and the "Cemetery" herring weirs at St. Andrews, N. B. The "Rol- This fame is b a s e d on the vast tr' lins" (foreground) has no top twine, in- schools of young herring, canned as sar- wt dicating that it is not rigged for fishing. dines, which swarm into the Bay of Fundy op waters yielding abundant silvery harvests fa to the local fishermen, giving employment cc to nearly one thousand shoreworkers, and fr making a valuable contribution to the uc Sardine carrier being unloaded at province's economy and to the nation's be wharfside of canning plant. Fleets food shelves. of these boats operate a shuttle -Or service between the weirs and the Striking evidence of this fishery is to canneries. seen in the many weirs, large corral-like liv enclosures, which dot the coastline in this ha area of notably high tides. Fish schooling or along by the shore a r e diverted into the p1 weirs by fences stretching in to the land- fu wash and the fishermen run a seine in around the inside of the weir, gathering the catch within. la From July to September fishermen a work their weirs in which most of the t1 catch is made. Seines account for further it large quantities through the fishing sea- sons. But even the combined catches from these two methods fail to satiate the it lusty appetite of the canneries and addi- c tional supplies are often b ought from ∎ v. Nova Scotia and Maine fishermen. la The canneries' collecting boats, a called buyers by the fishermen, roam far it ti to keep the plants supplied, and maintain a busy shuttle service. They collect the fish live from the weirs, loading them a into scrupulously clean holds to ensure their arrival at wharfside inthe best pos- fi sible condition. a -4- Largest operation of its kind in the British Commonwealth :sque Similar careful attention is given ck is the sardines in the factories, from the Leys, time the collecting boats arrive at the nes, plants until the fish emerge tidily wrapped g, to in attractively labelled cans. The pro- m to cessing story is told in the accompanying rate, photographs which give an indication of I the the high degree of efficiency which under- f the lines this industry. lrit- SELF-CONTAINED PLANT Giant of the sardine canning indus- vast try is the huge plant at Black's Harbour sar- which is completely self-contained. This undy operation is replete with a can-making . e sts factory which turns out the containers, vent covers and even the familiar "keys" that Hoisting out sardines from carrier to and frequently accompany the finished prod- plant flumes in which they go to holding the uct. At nearby Willington there is also a pens. on's boat building plant. At present there are canning fac- 'y is tories operating at Black's Harbour, Wil- Dipping out sardines from holding pens into like lington, Back Bay, Beaver Harbour, Fair- flume leading to flaking machine. this haven on Deer Island and Wilson's Beach ding on Campobello Island. There is another the plant at Seal Cove, Grand Manan Island, ind- fully equipped and ready at any time to go eine into operation. ring In 1956 New Brunswick s a r dine landings totalled 25, 807,000 pounds with nen a landed value of $566,000. Production of the the canneries was 836,987 cases contain- ther ing 20 pounds each. ,ea- hes Closely integrated with the sardine the industry is the herring fishery and pro- idi- cessing industry which turns out a wide -om variety of products. The herring catch last year was 45,575,000 pounds, valued its, at $471,000 to the fishermen. Process- far ing leaned heavily towards the popular Lain "kippered snacks" of which 58,181 cases the were produced. Large quantities were Lem also canned or proCessed and preserved ure in other ways, used as bait for the lobster os- fishery or in the production of fertilizer, animal feed, meal and oil.