German Studies LITERATURE, 1880-1945 By DA vm HoRROCKS, Lecturer in German in the University ofKeele I 0 GENERAL LITERARY HISTORIES AND SURVEYS. Bottcher, Lexikon, has fairly use­ ful articles on Morgenstern, and on most of the writers associated with Naturalism, but nothing on Hauptmann or the main figures of the }ahrhundertwende. German Fiction Writers I9I4-1945, ed. James Hardin (Dictionary of Literary Biography, s6), Detroit, Gate Research Co., xiii + 382 pp., illus., is the first of four projected volumes covering the 20th c. Splendidly produced and illustrated, the collection is eccentrically chosen and uneven in quality. The 33 contributions range from Brecht- a good long piece by Siegfried Mews - to relative unknowns like Martin Kessel. There are essays on the Swiss authors Friedrich Glauser and Ludwig Hohl (both by H. M. Waidson) and on others primarily known as dramatists (von Unruh; Zuckmayer), whereas major prose fiction writers like the Mann brothers and the Austrian novelists of the period are excluded. Most contributions, like the four on women writers (Marieluise Fleisser, Agnes Miegel, Ina Seidel and Hermynia zur Muhlen), contain basic information useful even to specialists, but only a few, e.g. those on Remarque and Ernst Junger, are as valuable from a critical point of view. Weber, Handbuch, as well as several pieces on individual writers listed below, contains two excellent survey chap­ ters on Bavarian writing during our period: the editor's own 'Litera­ tur von der Prinzregentenzeit his in die erste Republik (I 885-I923)', pp. 3 I s-33; and w. Fruhwald's 'Literatur von der Zeit der ersten his in die Zeit der zweiten Republik' (I g2o--56), pp. 43 7-66. MOVEMENTS AND PERIODS. Naturalismus. Manifiste und Dokumente zur deutschen Literatur I88o--I900, ed. Manfred Brauneck and Christine Muller, Stuttgart, Metzler, xxviii + 8og pp., is a massive, well chosen compilation, divided into three main sections, on theories and pro­ grammes; genres; and criticism and reception. Berlin groupings like the Hart circle and Durch! receive full coverage, as do the writers associated with Die Gesellschafl in Munich. Amongst a wealth of documentation, the material on Hauptmann's Die Weber and on the influence of Ibsen and Zola is particularly valuable. A first-rate introduction and notes, and a more comprehensive selection of texts make the volume an improvement on E. Ruprecht's earlier Metzler anthology of Ig62. Die Berliner Modeme I88j-I9I4, ed.Jurgen Schutte and Peter Sprengel (UB, 8359), 640 pp., ill us., can be recommended both for a well-argued and informative 8o-page introduction and a fascinating selection of texts, covering social and political aspects of German Studies LITERATURE, 1880-1945 By DA vm HoRROCKS, Lecturer in German in the University ofKeele I 0 GENERAL LITERARY HISTORIES AND SURVEYS. Bottcher, Lexikon, has fairly use­ ful articles on Morgenstern, and on most of the writers associated with Naturalism, but nothing on Hauptmann or the main figures of the }ahrhundertwende. German Fiction Writers I9I4-1945, ed. James Hardin (Dictionary of Literary Biography, s6), Detroit, Gate Research Co., xiii + 382 pp., illus., is the first of four projected volumes covering the 20th c. Splendidly produced and illustrated, the collection is eccentrically chosen and uneven in quality. The 33 contributions range from Brecht- a good long piece by Siegfried Mews - to relative unknowns like Martin Kessel. There are essays on the Swiss authors Friedrich Glauser and Ludwig Hohl (both by H. M. Waidson) and on others primarily known as dramatists (von Unruh; Zuckmayer), whereas major prose fiction writers like the Mann brothers and the Austrian novelists of the period are excluded. Most contributions, like the four on women writers (Marieluise Fleisser, Agnes Miegel, Ina Seidel and Hermynia zur Muhlen), contain basic information useful even to specialists, but only a few, e.g. those on Remarque and Ernst Junger, are as valuable from a critical point of view. Weber, Handbuch, as well as several pieces on individual writers listed below, contains two excellent survey chap­ ters on Bavarian writing during our period: the editor's own 'Litera­ tur von der Prinzregentenzeit his in die erste Republik (I 885-I923)', pp. 3 I s-33; and w. Fruhwald's 'Literatur von der Zeit der ersten his in die Zeit der zweiten Republik' (I g2o--56), pp. 43 7-66. MOVEMENTS AND PERIODS. Naturalismus. Manifiste und Dokumente zur deutschen Literatur I88o--I900, ed. Manfred Brauneck and Christine Muller, Stuttgart, Metzler, xxviii + 8og pp., is a massive, well chosen compilation, divided into three main sections, on theories and pro­ grammes; genres; and criticism and reception. Berlin groupings like the Hart circle and Durch! receive full coverage, as do the writers associated with Die Gesellschafl in Munich. Amongst a wealth of documentation, the material on Hauptmann's Die Weber and on the influence of Ibsen and Zola is particularly valuable. A first-rate introduction and notes, and a more comprehensive selection of texts make the volume an improvement on E. Ruprecht's earlier Metzler anthology of Ig62. Die Berliner Modeme I88j-I9I4, ed.Jurgen Schutte and Peter Sprengel (UB, 8359), 640 pp., ill us., can be recommended both for a well-argued and informative 8o-page introduction and a fascinating selection of texts, covering social and political aspects of .