Spring 2019 New Mobility in Gresham: Gresham Recommendations and Guidelines Agraj Dangal • Sarah Reiter • Delaney Wood • Benjamin Clark Public Management PPPM 633 Spring 2019 Gresham New Mobility in Gresham: Recommendations and Guidelines Agraj Dangal • Sarah Reiter • Delaney Wood Report Authors • School of Planning, Public Policy, and Management Benjamin Clark Associate Professor • School of Planning, Public Policy, and Management Acknowledgments The authors wish to acknowledge and thank the City of Gresham and School of Planning, Public Policy, and Management for making this project possible. We would also like to thank the following city of Gresham staff for their assistance and contributions that were instrumental to the completion of this report. Katherine Kelly, Planning and Implementation Manager Carly Rice, Assistant Planner The authors would like to acknowledge the partial support from the National Institute for Transportation and Communities (NITC; grant number 1249), a U.S. DOT University Transportation Center, and the National Science Foundation (NSF; Grant number BCS-123456). This report represents original student work and recommendations prepared by students in the University of Oregon’s Sustainable City Year Program for the City of Gresham. Text and images contained in this report may not be used without permission from the University of Oregon. Contents 4 About SCI 4 About SCYP 5 About Gresham, Oregon 6 Course Participants 7 Executive Summary 8 Introduction 9 Background 10 Methodology 11 Literature Review 14 Case Studies 17 Recommendations 19 References Winter 2019 Contracting with New Mobility in Gresham, Oregon About SCI The Sustainable Cities Institute (SCI) 2. Our Urbanism Next Center, which is an applied think tank focusing on focuses on how autonomous vehicles, sustainability and cities through applied e-commerce, and the sharing economy research, teaching, and community will impact the form and function of partnerships. We work across cities. disciplines that match the complexity of cities to address sustainability In all cases, we share our expertise challenges, from regional planning to and experiences with scholars, building design and from enhancing policymakers, community leaders, and engagement of diverse communities project partners. We further extend to understanding the impacts on our impact via an annual Expert-in- municipal budgets from disruptive Residence Program, SCI-China visiting technologies and many issues in scholars program, study abroad course between. on redesigning cities for people on SCI focuses on sustainability-based bicycle, and through our co-leadership research and teaching opportunities of the Educational Partnerships for through two primary efforts: Innovation in Communities Network (EPIC-N), which is transferring SCYP 1. Our Sustainable City Year Program to universities and communities (SCYP), a massively scaled university- across the globe. Our work connects community partnership program that student passion, faculty experience, matches the resources of the University and community needs to produce with one Oregon community each innovative, tangible solutions for the year to help advance that community’s creation of a sustainable society. sustainability goals; and About SCYP The Sustainable City Year Program learning courses to provide students (SCYP) is a year-long partnership with real-world projects to investigate. between SCI and a partner in Oregon, Students bring energy, enthusiasm, in which students and faculty in courses and innovative approaches to difficult, from across the university collaborate persistent problems. SCYP’s primary with a public entity on sustainability value derives from collaborations and livability projects. SCYP faculty resulting in on-the-ground impact and students work in collaboration with and expanded conversations for a staff from the partner agency through community ready to transition to a a variety of studio projects and service- more sustainable and livable future. 4 Section About Urbanism Next The Urbanism Next Center at the University of Oregon focuses on understanding the impacts new mobility, autonomous vehicles, e-commerce and the sharing economy are having and will continue to have on city form, design, and development. The Center does not focus on the emerging technologies themselves, but instead on the multi-level impacts — how these innovations are affecting things like land use, urban design, building design, transportation, and real estate and the implications these impacts have on equity, health and safety, the economy, and the environment. Urbanism Next brings together experts from a wide range of disciplines including planning, design, development, business, and law and works with the public, private, and academic sectors to help create positive outcomes from the impending changes and challenges confronting our cities. 5 Winter 2019 About Gresham, OregonContracting with New Mobility in Gresham, Oregon About Gresham, Oregon With over 110,000 people, Gresham is the fourth largest city in Oregon. Portland, the largest city in the state, borders it to the west. Gresham is ideal for families and businesses wanting to start something new and grow. Gresham is near the Columbia Gorge commercial, and retail mix; Historic National Scenic Area and Mount Downtown which offers a walkable Hood, the highest point in Oregon. It blend of shops, restaurants, and has a wide variety of neighborhoods service businesses; and Rockwood, including: the Civic Center, known for one of the youngest and most diverse its active transportation network, rapid neighborhoods in Oregon. transit connections, and residential, 6 Section Course Participants AGRAJ DANGAL, Master of Pubic Administration SARAH REITER, Master of Pubic Administration DELANEY WOOD, Master of Pubic Administration 7 Winter 2019 Executive Summary Contracting with New Mobility in Gresham, Oregon Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to provide an approach for the City of Gresham to evaluate data requirements prior to entering into contracts with emerging technology vendors. Four subgroups of new mobility contract to be developed. Furthermore, vendors were identified and evaluated if TNCs were to be in place, internal based on case studies and previous controls and oversight committees data requirements: e-scooters, bike- are both highly recommended due share programs, transportation network to the reluctance of TNCs to release companies (TNCs), and autonomous passenger datasets and a lack of vehicles. It is recommended that the current regulation. City move forward with e-scooters, Gresham should consider treating bike-share programs, and autonomous autonomous vehicles the same as vehicles with robust data procurement TNCs with extra precautions in place strategies and policies. regarding passenger and pedestrian E-scooters and bike-share programs safety. Because autonomous vehicles have the potential to be extremely are an emerging technology, we successful in the city of Gresham recommend specific regulations be if the City models potential data put into place related to liabilities and procurement standards after the City of insurance. Furthermore, if the City of Portland’s e-scooter program and the Gresham were to move forward with City of Seattle’s bike-share program. autonomous vehicle contracts, it is The collection of rider datasets and encouraged to include passenger and performance measures may be used application programming interface (API) as descriptive metrics as well as data as a requirement for all private relational to external criteria, such as stakeholders involved. maintenance records and fleet tracking. Public managers strive to maintain These measures are critical to ensuring accountability to their constituents operationalization and viability of the even though programs are contracted programs. out, therefore contracts and We recommend not contracting with communication with companies should TNCs until company behavior is more be clearly outlined. All contracts, prior transparent and conducive to a public/ to beginning a pilot program, should private partnership with shared data have clear objectives as to how they are and community-focused objectives. contributing to the City’s overarching The City of Gresham does not currently transportation goals regarding have provisions for TNCs or taxis within sustainability, safety, and public/private the city, meaning drastic changes partnerships. would need to occur in order for a 8 Section Introduction Since the early 2000s, emerging technology vendors have been altering the technology and transportation industries in both the public and private sectors (Sperling 2018). At the forefront of new mobility services are four major subsectors: e-scooters, bike-shares, ride hailing services, and autonomous vehicles. Companies in these subsectors the Gresham city code. This was done have been contracting with cities with background research on new and municipalities in the emerging mobility companies, a literature review landscape of new mobility with no set of public management and public/ requirements in data procurement, data private transportation contracting, case management, and privacy restrictions. studies evaluating specific cities and Working alongside the City of Gresham, their new mobility results and contracts, we have reviewed types of data that and recommendations for the City of could be required for any new mobility Gresham regarding all four subsectors company wishing to work with the