Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 1998 Key Administrative Decisions in the History of the Seventh-day Adventist Education in Bermuda Leslie C. Holder Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Educational Administration and Supervision Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Holder, Leslie C., "Key Administrative Decisions in the History of the Seventh-day Adventist Education in Bermuda" (1998). Dissertations. 445. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/445 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 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Further reproduction prohibited without permission. NOTE TO USERS The original manuscript received by UMI contains pages with slanted print. Pages were microfilmed as received. This reproduction is the best copy available UMI Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Andrews University School of Education KEY ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN THE HISTORY OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATION IN BERMUDA A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education by Leslie C. E. Holder January 1998 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 9834272 Copyright 1998 by Holder, Leslie Clarence E. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9834272 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. © Copyright by Leslie C. E. Holder 1998 All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. KEY ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN THE HISTORY OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATION IN BERMUDA A dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education by Leslie C. E. Holder APPROVAL THE COMMITTEE: \ Chair: Director of Graddate^' Programs Jerome-D. Thayer ne t ^ Q . Member: Lenore S. Brant'lley Dean, Schse'iT'V'f Education Karen R. Graham < 6- ^ do. ms- Member: JohnT 3.~ Ypun<gbYbun<qberg Date approved \J Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT KEY ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN THE HISTORY OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATION IN BERMUDA by Leslie C. E. Holder Chair: David S. Penner Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University School of Education Title: KEY ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN THE HISTORY OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATION IN BERMUDA Name of researcher: Leslie C. E. Holder Name and degree of faculty chair: David S. Penner, Ph.D. Date completed: October 1997 Problem In 1993, during the celebration of fifty years of continuous Christian education in Bermuda, it became strikingly evident that the Seventh-day Adventist Church had no single literary, historical compilation of SDA education in the country. This research can help to fill this information void. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Method Seven key administrative decisions have been identi­ fied as being of paramount importance in influencing the manner in which SDA education has developed in Bermuda: (1) the initial decision to found an SDA school, (2) the relocation of the school to the Sandringham property, (3) the expansion from eight grades to twelve, (4) the choices made between an American and a British curriculum, (5) the decisions concerning the best use of limited land, (6) the selection of a financial plan for operating the school, and (7) decision-making processes involved in selecting successive principals. This research covers the period from the year 1943 through 1997, the period of continuous SDA education in Bermuda. The scope of this research excludes any schools which may have existed before 1943. The intent of this research is not to provide a complete historical record of the period, but to examine certain key administrative decisions and their effects on the development of SDA education in Bermuda. Results These key administrative decisions have been important for the evangelistic thrust of the SDA Church in Bermuda and for training workers for both the Church Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. and the broader community. They have enabled Bermudian students to have the convenience and financial benefits of acquiring more of their education at home, have made the teaching process easier for the mostly American- trained staff, and have facilitated the transfer of students' academic credits between Bermuda Institute and American schools. These decisions have raised the quality of education and accommodated a growing student population by constructing buildings on the limited open land spaces. They have enabled the Bermuda Conference to operate the school for the most part without recurring deficits but have contributed to a rapid turnover of principals. Conclusions The SDA school in Bermuda has grown from humble beginnings to a respected and competitive institution due largely to certain key decisions made by successive administrators and administrating committees. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. To the memory of three Bermuda Institute alumni whose early exit from this life deprived Bermuda of the full benefit of their talents and service: Michael Cann (1951-1987), musician Dawn Lambe (1951-1992), secretary/teacher Darlene (Stowe) Jordan (1947-1986), social services administrator Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF T A B L E S .........................................vii PREFACE................................................ viii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION .................................. 1 Background— Bermuda ...................... 2 History................................. 2 Geography............................... 2 Employment and the Economy ........... 4 Background— The SDA Church in Bermuda . 6 Organization ........................... 6 History................................. 6 II. FOUNDING OF THE S C H O O L ...................... 12 A Philosophical Need...................... 12 Overcoming Obstacles...................... 17 The O p e n i n g ................................. 20 The First School Building Project .... 23 Enrollment and School Name................. 26 S u m m a r y ...................................... 28 III. SANDRINGHAM...................................... 30 A Historic Estate .......................... 31 The Purchase................................. 33 Conversion for Educational Use............. 35 Evangelistic Outreach ...................... 38 IV. EXPANDING TO TWELVE G R A D E S ................... 44 Pioneer Efforts ............................