Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Creative Components Dissertations Spring 2019 Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the community of Marion, Alabama John C. Joiner Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents Part of the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Joiner, John C., "Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the community of Marion, Alabama" (2019). Creative Components. 201. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents/201 This Creative Component is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Creative Components by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Creative Components Dissertations Spring 2019 Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the community of Marion, Alabama John C. Joiner Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents Part of the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Joiner, John C., "Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the community of Marion, Alabama" (2019). Creative Components. 201. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents/201 This Creative Component is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Creative Components by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the Community of Marion, Alabama Creative Component: Fall 2018 Iowa State University 2 Evaluation of the Main Street 4-Point Approach in the Community of Marion, Alabama Written by John Christopher Joiner Iowa State University, Fall 2018 2 Table of Contents Author and Editor ............................................................................................................. 2 Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. 3 Table of Tables ................................................................................................................. 5 Table of Images ................................................................................................................ 5 Table of Figures ................................................................................................................ 5 Table of Maps ................................................................................................................... 5 Table of Appendices ......................................................................................................... 6 Table of Appendices ......................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... 7 Part 1: Background and Historical Context Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 8 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 8 Overview of Main Street ................................................................................................... 10 Main Street: Poverty, Race, & Inequality .......................................................................... 11 The Author and Marion ..................................................................................................... 12 Main Street Marion ........................................................................................................... 13 Local Actors and Context .................................................................................................. 14 Part 2: Community Capitals Framework Assessment of Marion Community Description .................................................................................................... 17 Boundaries and Design .......................................................................................... 17 Community Identity .............................................................................................. 19 The Community Capitals Framework ................................................................................ 20 Natural Capital .................................................................................................................. 21 Geography and Natural Resources ......................................................................... 21 Economics and Population .................................................................................... 25 Cultural Capital................................................................................................................. 26 Community History ............................................................................................... 26 Race, Ethnicity, and Gender .................................................................................. 27 Cultural Capital and People ................................................................................... 30 Human Capital .................................................................................................................. 31 Population ............................................................................................................. 31 Social Capital.................................................................................................................... 36 Community Organizations ..................................................................................... 36 Community Organization Involvement .................................................................. 36 Attitude Toward Outsiders .................................................................................... 38 Churches ............................................................................................................... 38 Bonding and Bridging ........................................................................................... 39 3 Political Capital ................................................................................................................ 39 Stratification .......................................................................................................... 40 Community Organizations and External Power ..................................................... 43 Relations Across Strata .......................................................................................... 44 Advocacy and Community Institutions .................................................................. 44 Financial Capital ............................................................................................................... 45 Economic Base and Occupations ........................................................................... 45 Economic Structure ............................................................................................... 47 Commuting to Work .............................................................................................. 48 Income and Poverty ............................................................................................... 49 Sources of Financial Income .................................................................................. 50 Built Capital ..................................................................................................................... 51 Local Infrastructure ............................................................................................... 51 City of Marion Finances and Maintenance Plans ................................................... 56 Zoning and Tax Base ............................................................................................. 56 Historical Profile ................................................................................................... 57 Housing ................................................................................................................. 58 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 59 Part 3: The Main Street 4-Point Approach: Poverty, Race, & Inequality Main Street 4-Point Approach ........................................................................................... 61 Promotion ............................................................................................................. 62 Promotion: Community Capitals Framework ......................................................... 63 Design ................................................................................................................... 64 Design: Community Capitals Framework .............................................................. 65 Economic Vitality ................................................................................................. 66 Economic Vitality: Community Capitals Framework ............................................