WT/TPR/S/324/Rev.1 • Swaziland - 359 - ANNEX 5 - SWAZILAND WT/TPR/S/324/Rev.1 • Swaziland - 360 - CONTENTS 1 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 363 1.1 Main Features of the Economy .................................................................................. 363 1.2 Recent Economic Developments................................................................................ 364 1.3 Trade Performance ................................................................................................. 367 1.4 Foreign Direct Investment ....................................................................................... 368 2 TRADE AND INVESTMENT REGIMES ......................................................................... 372 2.1 General ................................................................................................................. 372 2.2 Trade Agreements .................................................................................................. 373 2.2.1 WTO .................................................................................................................. 373 2.2.2 Bilateral ............................................................................................................. 374 2.2.3 Regional ............................................................................................................. 375 2.2.4 Other preferential arrangements ............................................................................ 375 2.3 Investment Framework ........................................................................................... 375 3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE ...................................................... 378 3.1 Measures Directly Affecting Imports .......................................................................... 378 3.1.1 Registration, documentation and customs procedures ............................................... 378 3.1.2 Tariffs and other charges ...................................................................................... 380 3.1.3 Import prohibitions, restrictions, and licensing ......................................................... 382 3.1.4 Anti-dumping, countervailing, and safeguard measures ............................................. 383 3.1.5 Standards and other technical requirements ............................................................ 383 3.1.6 Sanitary and phytosanitary requirements (SPS) ....................................................... 384 3.2 Measures Directly Affecting Exports ........................................................................... 386 3.2.1 Export procedures and requirements ...................................................................... 386 3.2.2 Export taxes, charges, and levies ........................................................................... 387 3.2.3 Export prohibitions, restrictions, and licensing .......................................................... 387 3.2.4 Export support and promotion ............................................................................... 387 3.2.5 Export finance, insurance, and guarantees .............................................................. 387 3.3 Measures Affecting Production and Trade ................................................................... 388 3.3.1 Incentives .......................................................................................................... 388 3.3.2 Competition policy and price controls ...................................................................... 389 3.3.2.1 Competition policy ............................................................................................ 389 3.3.2.2 Price controls ................................................................................................... 391 3.3.3 State trading, state-owned enterprises, and privatization........................................... 391 3.3.4 Government procurement ..................................................................................... 394 3.3.5 Intellectual property rights .................................................................................... 396 3.3.5.1 Patents and industrial designs ............................................................................. 397 3.3.5.2 Trademarks ...................................................................................................... 398 3.3.5.3 Copyright and related rights ............................................................................... 398 WT/TPR/S/324/Rev.1 • Swaziland - 361 - 3.3.5.4 Enforcement ..................................................................................................... 399 4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR ................................................................................... 400 4.1 Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries ............................................................................ 400 4.1.1 Main features ...................................................................................................... 400 4.1.2 Policy framework and developments ....................................................................... 402 4.1.2.1 Support measures ............................................................................................. 402 4.1.2.2 Border measures............................................................................................... 403 4.1.3 Key subsectors .................................................................................................... 403 4.1.3.1 Sugar .............................................................................................................. 403 4.1.3.2 Maize .............................................................................................................. 405 4.1.3.3 Livestock ......................................................................................................... 405 4.2 Energy, mining and quarrying .................................................................................. 406 4.2.1 Energy ............................................................................................................... 406 4.2.1.1 Electricity ......................................................................................................... 407 4.2.1.2 Fuels ............................................................................................................... 408 4.2.2 Mining and quarrying............................................................................................ 409 4.3 Manufacturing ........................................................................................................ 410 4.4 Services ................................................................................................................ 411 4.4.1 Main features and multilateral commitments ............................................................ 411 4.4.2 Financial Services ................................................................................................ 412 4.4.2.1 Banking institutions ........................................................................................... 412 4.4.2.2 Non-banking institutions .................................................................................... 413 4.4.3 Telecommunications and postal services ................................................................. 414 4.4.4 Transport ........................................................................................................... 416 4.4.4.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 416 4.4.4.2 Road transport ................................................................................................. 416 4.4.4.3 Rail transport ................................................................................................... 417 4.4.4.4 Air transport ..................................................................................................... 418 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 420 5 APPENDIX TABLES .................................................................................................. 421 CHARTS Chart 1.1 Product composition of merchandise trade, 2008 and 2013 .................................... 370 Chart 1.2 Direction of merchandise trade, 2008 and 2013 .................................................... 371 TABLES Table 1.1 GDP distribution by type of economic activity (at 2000 constant basic prices), 2008-14 ....................................................................................................................... 363 Table 1.2 Selected macroeconomic indicators, 2008-14 ....................................................... 364 WT/TPR/S/324/Rev.1 • Swaziland - 362 - Table 1.3 Balance of payments, 2008-13 ........................................................................... 366 Table 1.4 FDI stock in Swaziland by economic sector, 2008-13 ............................................. 369 Table 2.1 Selected trade-related laws enacted since 2007 .................................................... 373 Table 2.2 Notifications by Swaziland 2008–April 2015 ......................................................... 374 Table 3.1 Average processing times at selected border posts, February 2012 .......................... 379 Table 3.2