Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Geological Survey Surficial Geologic Map of Northern New Jersey By Byron D. Stone, Scott D. Stanford, and Ron W. Witte Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-2540-C 75° 74° 41 ° '.) <.: f' Somorville • I 1 e 1 Metuchen. ' Aem l ng~on I •Edison 4oo30 . '-------''-----'--------->=1~- ~--....:.N.c:..ew'-'-'B::.;._ru=ns=Wl=· ck=e-o-=----~~--'----'------='---'-----"'"------' Maximum extent of ice-sheet advance during the three Quaternary glaciations of northern New Jersey. The ice sheets were thicker in the large valleys of eastern and western New Jersey and _. thinner in the central highlands. These differences produced the lobate shape of the edge of the late 0 0 Wisconsinan ice sheet, the most recent glaciation. The maximum thickness of this ice sheet was b 0 about 1200 m (4000 ft), in the northeastern part of the State. Arrows show ice-flow directions. 0 2002 ISBN 0-607-99358-8 U.S. Department of the Interior U Printed on recycled paper U.S. Geological Survey 9 11, !l~~~,ll~~ljiJI!IJII USGS science for a changing world Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Geological Survey Surficial Geologic Map of Northern New Jersey By Byron D. Stone,1 Scott D. Stanford,2 and Ron W. Witte2 Pamphlet to accompany Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2540-C 1U.S. Geological Survey 2New Jersey Geological Survey 2002 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey COVER: Maximum extent of ice-sheet advance during the three Quaternary glaciations of northern New Jersey. The ice sheets were thicker in the large valleys of eastern and western New Jersey and thinner in the central high­ lands. These differences produced the lobate shape of the edge of the late Wisconsinan ice sheet, the most recent glaciation. The maximum thickness of this ice sheet was about 1200 m (4000 ft), in the northeastern part of the State. Arrows show ice-flow directions. CONTENTS Description of Map and Subsurface Units Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Bedrock Surface Topography .......................................................................................................................... 1 Map and Subsurface Units ............................................................................................................................... 2 Holocene and late Wisconsinan artificial fill, alluvial, swamp, marsh, estuarine, talus, and eolian deposits ................................................................................... 2 Late Wisconsinan glacial meltwater deposits .................................................................................................. 3 Rockaway Formation .............................................................................................................................. 3 Deposits of glacial streams .................................................................................................................. 3 Deposits of glaciallakes ...................................................................................................................... 5 Deposits of major glaciallakes ............................................................................................................. 6 Central and Eastern Highlands ....................................................................................................... 6 Kittatinny Valley, basins of Pequest and Musconetcong Rivers and Pohatcong Creek, and Western Highlands .................................................................... 7 Delaware River basin ..................................................................................................................... 9 Basins of upper Passaic and Ramapo Rivers and upper Hohokus Brook ........................................... 9 Hackensack, Rahway, lower Passaic, and lower Raritan River basins .............................................. 10 Deposits of small glacial lakes and ponds .......................................................................................... 11 Central and Eastern Highlands .................................................................................................... 11 Kittatinny Valley, basins of Pequest and Musconetcong Rivers and Pohatcong Creek, and Western Highlands .................................................................. 12 Delaware River basin ................................................................................................................... 13 Basins of upper Passaic and Ramapo Rivers and upper Hohokus Brook ......................................... 14 Hackensack, Rahway, lower Passaic, and lower Raritan River basins .............................................. 14 Late Wisconsinan tills and moraine deposits ............................................................................................... 15 Tills ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Rahway Till .......................................................................................................................................... 16 Netcong Till ......................................................................................................................................... 16 Kittatinny Mountain Till. ........................................................................................................................ 16 Moraine deposits .................................................................................................................................. 16 Recessional moraines ....................................................................................................................... 17 Segments of the terminal moraine ..................................................................................................... 1 7 Middle Wisconsinan to pre-Illinoian alluvial deposits ...................................................................................... 1 7 Illinoian glacial meltwater deposits ................. , ............................................................................................. 17 Lamington Formation ............................................................................................................................ 17 Deposits of glacial streams ................................................................................................................. 18 Deposits of glaciallakes ..................................................................................................................... 18 Illinoian tills and moraine deposits ............................................................................................................... 19 Tills ...................................................................................................................................................... 19 Flanders Till .......................................................................................................................................... 19 Bergen Till ............................................................................................................................................ 19 Moraine deposits ................................................................................................................................... 19 Pre-Illinoian stratified deposits and till .......................................................................................................... 20 Port Murray Formation stratified deposits ................................................................................................ 20 Port Murray Formation till ...................................................................................................................... 20 Late Wisconsinan to middle Pleistocene colluvial deposits ............................................................................. 20 Quaternary and Tertiary saprolite, residuum, and rock rubble ........................................................................ 21 Coastal Plain deposits and bedrock ............................................................................................................. 22 Pensauken Formation ............................................................................................................................ 22 Bedrock ............................................................................................................................................... 23 References Cited ............................................................................................................................................ 23 References for the Engineering Soil Survey of New Jersey, Engineering Bulletin Series ....................................... 24 -continued on next page CONTENTs-continued Stratotype Sections for Proposed Lithostratigraphic Units of Quaternary Age in Northern New Jersey Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 25 Units of late Pleistocene age, late Wisconsinan glaciation ................................................................................ 25 Rahway Till ...........................................................................................................................................