1 MAKERERE UNIVERSITY ISP INTERCONNECTIVITY IN UGANDA Namuddu Caroline 14/U/12191/PS and Matovu Ronald/ 14/U/123456 A proposal submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering of the College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University. Date of Submission: May, 2018 2 3 Dedication This project is dedicated to my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Mugerwa for the staunch and stern provision they have made to and for me through the years. For the hope they have in me and the dreams I hold, for the encouragement and correction they have given me. 4 Acknowledgement It is with deepest gratitude that I appreciate the unwaveringly supportive efforts made by my supervisor, Eng. Diarmuid O’ Briain, and my co-supervisor Mr. Jonathan Serugunda who offered all form of consultation in my endeavours with this research project. I would like to greatly thank Ronald Matovu my project partner a student of Computer Engineering at Makerere University, for the unconditional help and assistance he offered during the entire project. I would still like to thank netlabsUG Research Centre for all the assistance they offered in terms of equipment, that enabled us build our testbed and providing us with same to effectively carry out our research for project. Unimaginable thanks to my parents for the moral, financial and emotional support they have given through the four years. I would like to thank and appreciate all the lecturers I have gladly had the honour of being taught by. I would like to thank God for the precious gift of life and strength. 5 Table of Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................................ 6 List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... 6 List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ 8 Definition of Key Terms ....................................................................................................... 9 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 10 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Background of the project ....................................................................................... 11 1.2 Research Problem ................................................................................................... 12 1.3 Purpose .................................................................................................................... 13 1.4 Research Question or Hypothesis ........................................................................... 13 1.5 Significance of project ............................................................................................ 14 1.6 The Scope of the project ......................................................................................... 14 2. LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................... 15 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 15 2.2 Peering Relationships .............................................................................................. 15 2.3 Autonomous systems (AS) ...................................................................................... 16 2.3.1 Border Gateway Protocol ................................................................................ 17 2.3.2 Route Server (RS) ........................................................................................... 18 2.4 Summary ................................................................................................................. 19 2.5 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 19 3. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 20 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 20 3.2 Research Design ...................................................................................................... 20 3.3 Population and Sampling ........................................................................................ 21 3.3.1 Target population ............................................................................................. 22 3.3.2 Testbed............................................................................................................ 22 3.3.4 Tests ................................................................................................................. 28 3.4 Data Collection ....................................................................................................... 48 3.4.1 Instrumentation................................................................................................ 49 3.5 Quality Control ....................................................................................................... 49 3.6 Data Analysis .......................................................................................................... 50 3.7 Assumptions and Limitations .................................................................................. 50 3.8 Ethical considerations ............................................................................................. 50 4. DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION .................................... 51 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 51 4.2 Build a BGP and IXP testbed ................................................................................. 51 4.3 Characterise and map inter-domain peering between various ISPs within Uganda 52 4.4 Evaluate the presence of the Ugandan ISPs at African eXchange. ........................ 55 4.5 Analyse the impact of deployment of CDNs and caching proxies at the UIXP ..... 60 4.6 Assess the impact of keeping local traffic local. ..................................................... 65 5. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS ........................................................................................ 69 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 69 5.2 Characterise and map inter-domain peering between various ISPs within Uganda ........................................................................................................................... 69 5.3 Evaluate the presence of the Ugandan ISPs at other African eXchanges .............. 70 5.4 Analyse the impact of deployment of CDNs and caching proxies at the UIXP ...... 70 5.5 Assess the impact of keeping local traffic local ...................................................... 71 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................... 73 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 73 6 6.2 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 73 6.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................... 75 7. REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................... 76 8. APPENDICES ............................................................................................................... 78 8.1 Budget ..................................................................................................................... 78 8.2 Time Framework ..................................................................................................... 79 8.2.1 Proposed Time Framework ............................................................................. 79 8.2.2 Actual Time Framework .................................................................................. 80 9. Appendix ........................................................................................................................ 81 9.1 Instruments .............................................................................................................. 82 9.1.1 Mapping Tools ................................................................................................. 82 9.1.2 Origin Locator Tools ....................................................................................... 82 9.1.3 Testbed Tools ................................................................................................... 82 9.1.4 IP/Geo location Tools ...................................................................................... 82 9.1.5 BGP Routing Information Tools ..................................................................... 82 9.1.6 Online Survey Tools ........................................................................................ 83 9.1.7 Latency Tools .................................................................................................. 83 9.2 Other relevant information .....................................................................................