Uganda Table of Contents Doing Business in Uganda ____________________________ 7 Market Overview ___________________________________ 7 Market Challenges __________________________________ 9 Market Opportunities ________________________________ 10 Market Entry Strategy ________________________________ 12 Political Environment _____________________________ 14 Selling US Products & Services ________________________ 16 Using an Agent to Sell US Products and Services _________________ 16 Establishing an Office ________________________________ 16 Franchising ______________________________________ 16 Direct Marketing ___________________________________ 17 Joint Ventures/Licensing ______________________________ 17 Selling to the Government ______________________________ 17 Distribution & Sales Channels____________________________ 18 Express Delivery ___________________________________ 18 Selling Factors & Techniques ____________________________ 18 eCommerce ______________________________________ 19 Overview ____________________________________________ 19 Current Market Trends ___________________________________ 19 Domestic eCommerce (B2C) ________________________________ 19 Cross-Border eCommerce __________________________________ 19 B2B eCommerce _______________________________________ 20 eCommerce Services _____________________________________ 20 eCommerce Intellectual Property Rights _________________________ 20 Popular eCommerce Sites __________________________________ 20 Online Payment________________________________________ 22 Mobile eCommerce ______________________________________ 22 Digital Marketing ______________________________________ 22 Major Buying Holidays ___________________________________ 22 Social Media __________________________________________ 22 Trade Promotion & Advertising ___________________________ 23 Pricing _________________________________________ 26 Sales Service/Customer Support __________________________ 28 Protecting Intellectual Property (IPR) _______________________ 28 Due Diligence _____________________________________ 30 Local Professional Services _____________________________ 30 Principle Business Associations __________________________ 31 Limitations on Selling US Products and Services _________________ 32 Web Resources ____________________________________ 33 Leading Sectors for US Exports & Investments _______________ 34 Energy _________________________________________ 34 Overview ____________________________________________ 34 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 36 Opportunities _________________________________________ 37 Web Resources ________________________________________ 37 Agricultural Sector __________________________________ 38 Overview ____________________________________________ 38 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 39 Opportunities _________________________________________ 39 Web Resources ________________________________________ 41 Construction ______________________________________ 43 Overview ____________________________________________ 43 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 44 Opportunities _________________________________________ 44 Web Resources ________________________________________ 45 Oil and Gas _______________________________________46 Overview ____________________________________________ 46 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 46 Opportunities _________________________________________ 47 Web Resources ________________________________________ 47 Mining and Minerals _________________ Error! 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Telecommunications _________________________________49 Overview ____________________________________________ 49 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 50 Opportunities _________________________________________ 50 Web Resources ________________________________________ 50 Medical Equipment __________________________________ 52 Overview ____________________________________________ 52 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 52 Opportunities _________________________________________ 52 Web Resources ________________________________________ 53 Pharmaceuticals____________________________________ 54 Overview ____________________________________________ 54 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 55 Opportunities _________________________________________ 55 Web Resources ________________________________________ 55 Travel and Tourism __________________________________ 56 Overview ____________________________________________ 56 Leading Sub-Sectors _____________________________________ 57 Opportunities _________________________________________ 57 Web Resources ________________________________________ 57 Trade Regulations, Customs, & Standards _________________ 58 Import Tariff _____________________________________ 58 Trade Barriers _____________________________________ 58 Import Requirements & Documentation ______________________ 59 Labeling/Marking Requirements __________________________ 59 U.S. Export Controls _________________________________ 59 Temporary Entry ___________________________________ 61 Prohibited & Restricted Imports __________________________ 61 Customs Regulations _________________________________ 61 Trade Standards ____________________________________ 63 Overview ____________________________________________ 63 Standards ___________________________________________ 63 Conformity Assessment __________________ Error! 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Product Certification _____________________________________ 64 Accreditation _________________________________________ 64 Publication of technical regulations ____________________________ 64 Contact Information _____________________________________ 64 Trade Agreements _________________________________ 66 Licensing Requirements for Professional Services _______________ 66 Web Resources ____________________________________ 67 Investment Climate Statement ________________________ 68 Executive Summary __________________________________ 68 Openness To, and Restrictions Upon, Foreign Investment ________ 70 Policies Towards Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) _______________ 70 Limits on Foreign Control and Right to Private Ownership and Establishment ______________________________________________ 72 Other Investment Policy Reviews __________________________ 73 Business Facilitation _________________________________ 74 Outward Investment _________________________________ 75 Bilateral Investment Agreements and Taxation Treaties ____________ 75 Legal Regime __________________________________ 77 Transparency of the Regulatory System ______________________ 77 Legal System and Judicial Independence _____________________ 79 Laws and Regulations on Foreign Direct Investment ______________ 80 Competition and Anti-Trust Laws _________________________ 81 Expropriation and Compensation _________________________ 81 Bankruptcy Regulations _______________________________ 83 Industrial Policies _______________________________ 84 Investment Incentives ________________________________ 84 Foreign Trade Zones/Free Ports/Trade Facilitation _______________ 84 Performance and Data Localization Requirements ________________ 84 Protection of Property Rights _________________________ 85 Real Property _____________________________________ 85 Intellectual Property Rights _____________________________ 86 Financial Sector _________________________________ 88 Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment ____________________ 88 Money and Banking System _____________________________ 89 Foreign Exchange and Remittances ________________________ 91 Foreign Exchange ______________________________________ 91 Remittance Policies _____________________________________ 91 Sovereign Wealth Funds _______________________________ 92 State-Owned Enterprises ___________________________ 92 Privatization Program ________________________________ 93 Responsible Business Conduct ________________________ 93 Corruption ____________________________________ 96 Resources to Report Corruption ___________________________ 98 Political and Security Environment _____________________ 98 Labor Policies and Practices __________________________ 99 OPIC and Other Investment Insurance Programs ____________ 102 Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics 102 Table 1: Key Macroeconomic Data ________________________ 102 Table 2: Sources and Destination of FDI _____________________ 103 Table 3: Sources of Portfolio Investment ____________________ 104 Contact for More Information___________________________ 104 Trade & Project Financing __________________________ 105 Methods of Payment ________________________________ 105 Banking Systems __________________________________ 105 Foreign Exchange Controls ____________________________ 106 U.S. Banks & Local Correspondent Banks ____________________ 106 Project Financing __________________________________ 106 Multilateral Development Banks: ____________________________ 106 Financing Web Resources _____________________________ 107 Business Travel ________________________________ 109 Business Customs __________________________________ 109 Travel Advisory ___________________________________ 110 Visa Requirements _________________________________