RepeatingMonomer Patterns Sampler in Monomers Platter TASK CARD Biomolecules and their monomers consist of only 5 elements: C, H, O, N, P, and sometimes S. The element groupings below are common groupings found in biomolecule monomers. They are called “functional groups” because each one gives the molecule a different function, or property. 1. Find and highlight the functional groups attached to the molecules on the Monomer Sampler Platter. Use a different color for each group. (Don’t be fooled! the element groups can appear in slightly different ways.) 2. Answer the questions on the Repeating Pattern Analysis page in your notebook. ©2014 Region 4 Education Service Center. Permission to copy for classroom use is granted. Monomer Sampler Platter ©2014 Region 4 Education Service Center. Permission to copy for classroom use is granted. RepeatingMonomer Pattern Sampler Analysis Platter Questions 1. Compare the molecules on cards 1-3. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 1-3? Explain your choice. 2. Compare the molecules on cards 4-6. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 4-6? Explain your choice. 3. Compare the molecules on cards 7-9. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 7-9? Explain your choice. 4. Compare the molecules on cards 10-12. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 10-12? Explain your choice. 5. Cut and organize the cards into four groups based on the common structural pattern. Verify your grouping with your teacher. Using the labels provided by your teacher, describe the structural similarities within each group in your notebook. Count the number of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms in the molecules on cards 5, 7, and 9. (Hint: For simplicity, ring structures are often shown without the carbon atoms that exist at the junctions of the ring.) Find the lowest whole number ratio between the elements (H:C:O) for each molecule. What is the pattern among these molecules? ©2014 Region 4 Education Service Center. Permission to copy for classroom use is granted. RepeatingMonomer Patterns Sampler in MonomersPlatter MATERIALS For each student group: 1 copy of Repeating Patterns in Monomers Task Card (reusable) 1 copy of Repeating Pattern Analysis Questions (reusable) 1 copy of Monomer Sampler Platter (consumable) 1 set of Monomer Labels (reusable) Highlighters or colored pencils (4 different colors) scissors MONOMER LABELS (7 sets) Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Nucleotides ©2014 Region 4 Education Service Center. Permission to copy for classroom use is granted. RepeatingMonomer Patterns Sampler in Monomers Platter KEY Amino acids are 1, 2, & 10; fatty acids are 3, 4, & 6; monosaccharides are 5, 7, & 9; nucleotides are 8, 11, & 12. Amino Acid Amino Acid Fatty Acid Fatty Acid Monosaccharide Fatty Acid Monosaccharide Nucleotide Monosaccharide Amino Acid Nucleotide Nucleotide 1. Compare the molecules on cards 1-3. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? All of the molecules contain C, H, and O. Two of the molecules contain N, and one contains S. Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 1-3? Explain your choice. Molecule #3 is the odd one out because it is the only molecule without N. 2. Compare the molecules on cards 4-6. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? All of the molecules contain C, H, and O. Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 4-6? Explain your choice. Molecule #5 is the odd one out because it doesn’t have an acid group on the end and it has a lot of –OH groups on the main chain. 3. Compare the molecules on cards 7-9. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? All of the molecules contain C, H, and O. One of the molecules also has P. Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 7-9? Explain your choice. Molecule #8 is the odd one out because it is the only one with P. 4. Compare the molecules on cards 10-12. Which elements are in common and which are unique for each molecule? All of the molecules contain C, H, O, and N. Two of the molecules contain P. Which molecule is the “odd molecule out” among cards 10-12? Explain your choice. Molecule #10 is the odd one out because it has the acid group but not the P group. 5. Organize the cards into four groups based on the common structural pattern. Verify your grouping with your teacher. Using the labels provided by your teacher, describe the structural similarities within each group in your notebook. Amino Acids all contain a chain of carbons with an amino group and an acid group. Fatty Acids all have a chain of carbon atoms only bonded to H with an acid group on the end. Monosaccharides have a carbon chain or ring bonded to H, OH, or O but not the acid group. Nucleotides are made up of three kinds of molecules. They are the only ones with the P group. Count the number of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms in the molecules on cards 5, 7, and 9. (Hint: For simplicity, ring structures are often shown without the carbon atoms that exist at the junctions of the ring.) Find the lowest whole number ratio between the elements (H:C:O) for each molecule. What is the pattern among these molecules? All of these molecules have a 1:2:1 H:C:O ratio. ©2014 Region 4 Education Service Center. Permission to copy for classroom use is granted. .