Department of Art History Uppsala University Author: Anders Lindkvist Title: Anna Nordgren – En kosmopolit på sekelskiftets konstscen Anna Nordgren – A cosmopolite on the art scene at the turn of the century Level: Thesis at Master level, 45 p Supervisor: Hedvig Brander Jonsson Date: March 2011 Abstract This thesis is about the Swedish artist Anna Nordgren (1847 - 1916). The purpose is to demonstrate that she not only became accepted and established in the emerging English art field during the late 19th century but also that she herself was active in the development of it. The thesis is based on analyzing the network that shaped the art market in England and show the active role Anna Nordgren had in it. Make clear her long and successful career. After five years study at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts she went to Paris in 1874 and became a student at Académie Julian. She stayed for eight years in Paris then moved to London. She was regularly represented at the Paris Salon and Royal Academy as well as at the well-known galleries in England such as Grosvenor Gallery, New Gallery, Walker Art Gallery i Liverpool, Royal Birmingham Society of Artists, Institute of Painters in Oil Colours, Royal Society of British Artists. Anna Nordgren was radical and independent and fought for women's rights. She founded a club for women artists, 91 Art Club and was one of the initiators of the Women's International Art Club. After returning to Sweden she was forgotten during her last years and has been so ever since. No solo exhibitions have taken place and in the art historical documentation she is mentioned only in passing. Keywords Anna Nordgren, female artist, Académie Julian, portrait painter, figure and landscape, genre, Paris Salon, Royal Academy, Womens International Art Club, 91 Art Club, pastellist Innehållsförteckning 1 Inledning...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Bakgrund ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Syfte och frågeställningar...........................................................................................................2 1.2 Teoretiska utgångspunkter..........................................................................................................3 1.3 Metod .........................................................................................................................................6 1.4 Forskningsöversikt och källmaterial ..........................................................................................7 1.4.1 Konstvärlden 1800-talets andra hälft..................................................................................7 1.4.2 Kvinnliga konstnärer ........................................................................................................ 9 1.5 Övriga tryckta och otryckta källor ..........................................................................................11 1.6 Disposition................................................................................................................................12 2 Tiden före Paris......................................................................................... 13 3 Till Paris .................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Svenskar i 1870-talets Paris......................................................................................................15 3.2 Elev på Académie Julian.......................................................................................................... 17 3.3 Parissalongen...........................................................................................................................20 4 I London ................................................................................................... 22 4.1 Förändringens tid......................................................................................................................22 4.2 Aktörer i nätverken................................................................................................................... 24 4.2.1 Konstnärskollektiv.............................................................................................................24 4.2.2 Gallerier och utställningslokaler........................................................................................27 4.2.3 Konstnärsföreningar och klubbar...................................................................................... 28 4.2.4 Konsthandeln.....................................................................................................................30 4.2.5 Kritikerna och pressen.......................................................................................................31 4.2.6 Aktiviteter i nätverken ................................................................................................... 31 4.3 Kosmopoliten Anna Nordgren, en resa i tid och rum ............................................................33 4.3.1 1880-talet och första tiden i London................................................................................. 33 Besök i Sverige.....................................................................................................................34 Skapa nätverk....................................................................................................................... 36 4.3.2 Etablerad ...........................................................................................................................37 Resandet .............................................................................................................................. 40 Mötet med Constance Gore-Booth.......................................................................................41 Ökade aktiviteter ................................................................................................................. 43 Hemfärden ........................................................................................................................... 45 4.3.4 Anna Nordgrens utställningsaktiviteter............................................................................. 46 4.3.6 Recensioner och bemötande.............................................................................................. 47 Utställningar på Grosvenor Gallery..................................................................................... 47 Bemötandet av målningen A Mother ...................................................................................47 Konstnärsklubben 91 ArtClub .............................................................................................48 Separatutställning på Cliffords Gallery 1897 ......................................................................48 Sista åren i London...............................................................................................................48 4.3.7 Ekonomin.......................................................................................................................... 49 Försäljning ...........................................................................................................................49 Aktieinnehavet .....................................................................................................................50 Bouppteckningen .................................................................................................................51 5 Vem var Anna Nordgren ?........................................................................ 52 5.1 Personen Anna Nordgren..........................................................................................................52 5.1.1 Hennes uppväxt ................................................................................................................ 52 5.1.2 Den radikala ......................................................................................................................54 5.1.3 Hennes empati med de fattiga........................................................................................... 55 5.1.4 Finsmakaren ..................................................................................................................... 56 5.1.5 Mån om familjen .............................................................................................................. 57 5.1.6 Entreprenören ................................................................................................................... 59 5.2 Anna Nordgrens måleri.............................................................................................................60 5.2.1 Kvinnliga konstnärers motivval i 1800-talets England och Frankrike..............................60 5.2.2 Anna Nordgrens förhållande till den engelska motivtraditionen.......................................61 Hur beskrivs Anna Nordgrens motivval ..............................................................................61 Hur placeras Anna Nordgren in i en engelsk motivtradition ?............................................. 62 5.2.3 Influenser..........................................................................................................................66 6 Hemkomsten..............................................................................................77 6.1 Den svenska konstvärlden vid sekelskiftets början.................................................................