Ecology, Harvest, and Use of Harbor Seals and Sea Lions: Interview Materials from Alaska Native Hunters Technical Paper No. 249 Terry L. Haynes and Robert J. Wolfe, Editors Funded through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Subsistence Harvest and Monitor System (No. 50ABNF700050) and Subsistence Seal and Sea Lion Research (NA66FX0476) Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Subsistence Juneau, Alaska August 1999 The Alaska Department of Fish and Game conducts all programs and activities free from discrimination on the basis of sex, color, race, religion, national origin, age, marital status, pregnancy, parenthood, or disability. For information on alternative formats available for this and other department publications, please contact the department ADA Coordinator at (voice) 907-465-4120, (TDD) 1-800-478-3648 or (FAX) 907-586-6595. Any person who believes s/he has been discriminated against should write to: ADF&G, P.O. Box 25526, Juneau, Alaska 99802-5526; or O.E.O., U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 1 ALEUTIAN ISLANDS ............................................................................................... 11 Akutan................................................................................................................. 11 Atka ..................................................................................................................... 15 False Pass........................................................................................................... 20 King Cove............................................................................................................ 25 Nelson Lagoon.................................................................................................... 30 Nikolski................................................................................................................ 34 St. George........................................................................................................... 37 St. Paul................................................................................................................ 41 Sand Point........................................................................................................... 49 Unalaska ............................................................................................................. 50 KODIAK ISLAND...................................................................................................... 55 Akhiok.................................................................................................................. 55 Karluk .................................................................................................................. 61 Kodiak City .......................................................................................................... 67 Larsen Bay .......................................................................................................... 70 Old Harbor........................................................................................................... 79 Ouzinkie .............................................................................................................. 88 Port Lions ............................................................................................................ 97 NORTH PACIFIC RIM.............................................................................................105 Chenega Bay .....................................................................................................105 Cordova..............................................................................................................130 Kenai ..................................................................................................................134 Nanwalek............................................................................................................136 Port Graham.......................................................................................................139 Seldovia..............................................................................................................145 Seward...............................................................................................................147 Tatitlek................................................................................................................149 Valdez.................................................................................................................156 i Page SOUTHEAST ALASKA...........................................................................................165 Angoon...............................................................................................................165 Craig...................................................................................................................166 Haines................................................................................................................176 Hoonah...............................................................................................................186 Hydaburg............................................................................................................190 Juneau................................................................................................................197 Kake ...................................................................................................................215 Ketchikan............................................................................................................224 Klawock..............................................................................................................225 Klukwan..............................................................................................................231 Metlakatla...........................................................................................................236 Pelican................................................................................................................239 Petersburg..........................................................................................................244 Saxman..............................................................................................................247 Sitka....................................................................................................................254 Yakutat ...............................................................................................................289 SOUTHWEST ALASKA..........................................................................................295 Aleknagik............................................................................................................295 Chignik Bay ........................................................................................................296 Chignik Lagoon ..................................................................................................299 Chignik Lake.......................................................................................................307 Clarks Point........................................................................................................310 Dillingham...........................................................................................................315 Egegik.................................................................................................................321 Ivanof Bay ..........................................................................................................324 King Salmon.......................................................................................................327 Levelock .............................................................................................................329 Manokotak..........................................................................................................331 Naknek...............................................................................................................338 Perryville.............................................................................................................342 Pilot Point ...........................................................................................................344 Port Heiden ........................................................................................................346 South Naknek.....................................................................................................348 Togiak.................................................................................................................351 ii Introduction This compendium of interview materials from Alaska Native hunters presents information on contemporary patterns of hunting and use of harbor seals and sea lions by Alaska Natives during the late 20th century. The interviews with Alaska Native hunters were conducted during the early-to-mid 1990s. The materials in this volume derive from those interviews. The interview materials offer information on a range of topics pertaining to harbor seals and sea lions, including contemporary hunting methods, uses made of seals and sea lions for food and raw materials, processing of oil and skins, and other