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Ann Aibor, MI 48106 DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP FROM WITHIN: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE USE OF NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING PRACTICES IN A COURSE ON LEADERSHIP DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of ttie Requirements for tfie Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jennifer Ann Young, A.B., Sc.M. The Ohio State University 1994 Dissertation Committee: B. Mitchell Approved by R. Backoff R. Donmoyer Adviser N. Zimpher Graduate School Copyright by Jennifer Ann Young 1 9 9 4 This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my parents and to those special friends without whose support it would not have been possible. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere appreciation To Brad Mitchell, my adviser, who continued to try to focus my fuzzy thinking and to help me find a small slice to work on from a vast array of interests. To Bob Backoff, for his support, encouragement, and invitation to take the risk • to do something and be someone new. I remain enduringly grateful. He has stretched my mind over the years and helped me become always more than I thought I could be. To Sue Catana, for hours of dialogue and challenge and support - for laughter and tears - for joining in the journey; and To Leanne Puglielli and Donna Varner for risking an adventure together; I thank you all. Finally, to Michele Matto, for whom there are no words to express what the time and energy and love she invested have meant. Together we learned much about dialogue, about change, about ourselves, and about what it means to care. Ill VITA April 25, 1949 Bom - Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1971 A.B.. cum laude. Smith College Northampton, Massachusetts 1972 Sc.M., Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 1972 -1988 Mathematics Teacher, Worthington High School, Worthington, Ohio 1988 Certification as Secondary Principal, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1988 -1991 Evaluation Program Coordinator & Staff Development Specialist, Worthington Schools, Worthington, Ohio 1993 - Present Assistant Principal, Worthington Kilboume High School, Columbus, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Interdisciplinary Studies in Educational Policy & Leadership and Public Policy & Management Studies in Educational Administration, Organizational Change and Development, Professional Development and Leadership IV TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION..................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................... iii VITA ................................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TA BLES............................................................................................................. x LISTOFRGURES............................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER PAGE I. NATURE OF THE RESEARCH ................................................................... 1 B ackground ........................................................................................... 2 Overview of the Study ................................................................................. 6 Scope of the S tu d y .............................................................................. 7 Course Participants ............................................................................... 9 Issu e s ........................................................................................................10 Focus and Design ...................................................................................13 G uideposts of the R esearch ...................................................................... 15 The Research Perspective................................................................... 15 The Research Question .........................................................................16 Definition of T e rm s .................................................................................17 Identity................................................................................................. 17 Self-knowledge ..................................................................................18 L eadership........................................................................................ 19 Empowerment....................................................................................20 Learning.............................................................................................. 21 Dialogue ...........................................................................................21 Assumptions ............................................................................................ 23 Significance of the Study ...................................................................... 25 Outline of the Text ............................................................................... 27 Sum m ary ..................................................................................................27 II. LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................29 Learning Organization as Framework ....................................................32 The Approach ........................................................................................35 Systems Thinking ................................................................................36 Personal Mastery ................................................................................. 37 Mental M odels........................................................................................40 Shared V ision.........................................................................................42 Team Learning ......................................................................................43 L eadership.....................................................................................................45 Historical B ackground .......................................................................... 45 Leadership as Seif-Differentiation .............................................48 Leadership in the Nineties....................................................................50 Growth, Change, and Deveiopment........................................................55 Forging New Selves, Living in the Constancy of C hange — 55 Proactivity..........................................................................................56 Therapy.............................................................................................. 57 A Systems Perspective .......................................................................59 Transition and Transformation........................................................... 61 Response to Threat ..............................................................................64 The Piace of Emotions...................................................................64 Ecology and Planning .................................................................... 67 Dialogue as Facilitative of Generative C hange .................................... 70 Dialogue and Reflection ......................................................................70 Integrative Process ............................................................................... 72 Meeting: Being Called Forth ............................................................... 73 Presence ............................................................................................... 76 Coaching ................................................................................................ 77 Cognitive C o ach