http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Biographical Memoirs V.56 Office of the Home Secretary, National Academy of Sciences ISBN: 0-309-58179-6, 640 pages, 6 x 9, (1987) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. 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Request reprint permission for this book. i ined, a he original t be ret ion. om r f ibut r t cannot not r at o f book, however, Biographical Memoirs version ng, i t at ive NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES at rm riginal paper it o f c hor i f he o t om r he aut f ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html Biographical MemoirsV.56 as t ed i t ion peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A ii ined, a he original t be ret ion. om r f ibut r t cannot not r at o f book, however, version ng, i t at ive at rm riginal paper it o f c hor i f he o t om r he aut f ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html Biographical MemoirsV.56 as t ed i t ion peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A iii ined, a NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES he original OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA t be ret ion. om r f ibut r t cannot not r at o Biographical Memoirs f book, however, version ng, i t Volume 56 at ive at rm riginal paper it o f c hor i f he o t om r he aut f ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html Biographical MemoirsV.56 as t ed i t ion peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS som peset bout y WASHINGTON, D.C. 1987 and t A iv ined, a The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by Act of Congress as a private, non- profit, self-governing membership corporation for the furtherance of science and technology, he original t be ret required to advise the federal government upon request within its fields of competence. Under its ion. om corporate charter the Academy established the National Research Council in 1916, the National r f Academy of Engineering in 1964, and the Institute of Medicine in 1970. ibut r t cannot not INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-03693-3 r at o f book, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 5-26629 however, version ng, i t at ive Available from at rm riginal paper it NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS o f c hor i 2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W., f he o t WASHINGTON, D.C. 20418 om r he aut f ng-speci http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html Biographical MemoirsV.56 as t ed i t PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ion peset y iles creat L f her t M is publicat h X t of om and ot r f yles, version posed Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. print e recom h heading st t use has been ease l P word breaks, work ed. hs, insert original e h ally t line lengt ion of at accident he original; t o been ue t l represent r a y have a are t m is new digit errors breaks h T age ile: P f F pographic iles. D y f P t e ng is i t h t som peset bout y and t A Biographical Memoirs V.56 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html CONTENTS v Contents riginal paper book, not the from original itative version for attribution. Preface vii fic formatting,fic however, cannot be retained, Richard McLean Badger 3 By Oliver R. Wulf Arthur M. Bueche 23 By Roland Schmitt Angus Campbell 43 By Clyde H. Coombs William Gemmell Cochran 61 By Morris Hansen and Frederick Mosteller James Brown Fisk 91 By William H. Doherty James Gilluly 119 By Thomas B. Nolan Kurt Godel 135 By Stephen C. Kleene Sterling Brown Hendricks 181 By Warren L. Butler and Cecil H. Wadleigh About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created the from o typesetting files. Page breaks are true the line lengths, word breaks, to original; heading styles, and other typesetting-speci and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please use the print version of this publication as the author Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Biographical Memoirs V.56 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html CONTENTS vi Carl Leavitt Hubbs 215 By Elizabeth N. Shor, Richard H. Rosenblatt, and John D. Isaacs Paul F. Lazarsfeld 251 By David L. Sills Esmond R. Long 285 By Peter C. Nowell and Louis B. Delpino riginal paper book, not the from original itative version for attribution. Eli Kennerly Marshall, Jr. 313 fic formatting,fic however, cannot be retained, By Thomas H. Maren Stanford Moore 355 By Emil L. Smith and C. H. W. Hirs Per Fredrik Thorkelsson Scholander 387 By Knut Schmidt-Nielsen William H. Stein 415 By Stanford Moore Curt Stern 443 By James V. Neel Merton Franklin Utter 475 By Harland G. Wood and Richard W. Hanson John Hasbrouck Van Vleck 501 By P. W. Anderson Vincent Du Vigneaud 543 By Klaus Hofmann Alexander Wetmore 597 By S. Dillon Ripley and James A. Steed About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created the from o typesetting files. Page breaks are true the line lengths, word breaks, to original; heading styles, and other typesetting-speci and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please use the print version of this publication as the author Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Biographical Memoirs V.56 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/897.html PREFACE vii Preface The Biographical Memoirs is a series of volumes, beginning in 1877, riginal paper book, not the from original itative version for attribution. containing the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of fic formatting,fic however, cannot be retained, Sciences and bibliographies of their published scientific contributions. The goal of the Academy is to have these memoirs serve as a contribution toward the history of American science. Each biographical essay is written by an individual familiar with the discipline and the scientific career of the deceased. These volumes, therefore, provide a record of the lives and works of some of the most distinguished leaders of American science as witnessed and interpreted by their colleagues and peers. Though the primary concern is the members' professional lives and contributions, these memoirs also include those aspects of their lives in their home, school, college, or later life that led them to their scientific career.