Engineering Fronts 2019 Center for Strategic Studies, Chinese Academy of Engineering Engineering Contents Fronts Foreword 1 Chapter 1 Methodology 2 1 Identification of engineering research fronts 2 1.1 Acquisition and preprocessing of paper data 2 1.2 Acquisition and selection of literature clustering topics 3 1.3 Expert review 3 2 Identification of engineering development fronts 4 2.1 Selection of engineering development hotspots 4 2.2 Acquisition and interpretation of the ThemeScape maps 5 2.3 Nomination of development fronts by experts 5 3 Terminologies 5 Chapter 2 Reports in Dierent Fields 7 I. Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering 7 1 Engineering research fronts 7 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 7 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 10 2 Engineering development fronts 18 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 18 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 22 II. Information and Electronic Engineering 29 1 Engineering research fronts 29 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 29 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 34 2 Engineering development fronts 42 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 42 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 47 III. Chemical, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering 54 1 Engineering research fronts 54 1.1 Trends in top 11 engineering research fronts 54 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 58 2 Engineering development fronts 66 2.1 Trends in top 12 engineering development fronts 66 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 71 IV. Energy and Mining Engineering 78 1 Engineering research fronts 78 1.1 Trends in top 12 engineering research fronts 78 1.2 Interpretations for four key engineering research fronts 84 2 Engineering development fronts 97 2.1 Trends in top 12 engineering development fronts 97 2.2 Interpretations for four key engineering development fronts 104 V. Civil, Hydraulic, and Architectural Engineering 114 Engineering 1 Engineering research fronts 114 Fronts 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 114 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 119 2 Engineering development fronts 126 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 126 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 133 VI. Environmental and Light Textile Engineering 141 1 Engineering research fronts 141 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 141 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 145 2 Engineering development fronts 154 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 154 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 159 VII. Agriculture 167 1 Engineering research fronts 167 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 167 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 171 2 Engineering development fronts 180 2.1 Trends in the top 10 engineering development fronts 180 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 184 VIII. Medicine and Health 191 1 Engineering research fronts 191 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 191 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 197 2 Engineering development fronts 206 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 206 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 211 IX. Engineering Management 222 1 Engineering Research Fronts 222 1.1 Trends in top 10 engineering research fronts 222 1.2 Interpretations for three key engineering research fronts 227 2 Engineering development fronts 238 2.1 Trends in top 10 engineering development fronts 238 2.2 Interpretations for three key engineering development fronts 243 Participants of General Plan Group 252 Engineering Fronts Foreword Engineering science and technology are important driving forces in the development of society, and engineering fronts are important guidelines for the future development of engineering science and technology. Understanding trends and aiming to be at the forefront of global engineering technology has become a strategic choice for countries around the world. Since 2017, the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), in conjunction with Clarivate Analytics and the Higher Education Press, has been organizing a research project named “Global Engineering Fronts,” which aims to bring together talents in engineering and technology and push the fronts of global engineering research and development by reviewing papers and patent data. They also hope that the results of this project will provide a reference for people to respond to global challenges and achieve sustainable development. The 2019 Global Engineering Fronts research continues to draw knowledge from journals and supplements in academic divisions of the CAE. By paying equal attention to the engineering research and development fronts, this project has obtained 93 global engineering research fronts and 94 global engineering development fronts through data analysis, expert review, integration of quantitative analysis and qualitative research, and combination of data mining and expert argumentation. Among these, 28 engineering research fronts and 28 engineering development fronts are listed as the focus fields. To achieve a more scientific pre-judgment, the 2019 Global Engineering Fronts project began to nominate fronts from the perspective of the demand based on the experience of the first two years. Moreover, three rounds of deep interactions and iterative argumentation between data and experts have been conducted at each stage of data exchange, data analysis, and expert review. The aim is to improve the accuracy of data mining, research, and judgment, which can eectively maximize the utilization of papers, patents, and data indicators. This report consists of two parts. The first chapter explains the research through data and methodology and the second chapter includes nine analysis reports, focusing on nine fields, namely mechanical and vehicle engineering; information and electronic engineering; chemical, metallurgical, and materials engineering; energy and mining engineering; civil, hydraulic, and architectural engineering; environmental and light textile engineering; agriculture; medicine and health; and engineering management. Each report describes and analyzes the engineering research and development fronts in the abovementioned fields, and explains in detail the key fronts. 1 Chapter 1 Methodology Chapter 1 Methodology Underpinned by experts’ evaluation and data, the 2019 Global in which green and purple boxes indicate data analysis and Engineering Fronts project adopts multi-round interactions expert research steps, respectively. between experts and data for iterative research and analysis, realizing a deep integration of the experts’ subjective 1 Identification of engineering research judgments and objective data analyses. This project selected 93 global engineering research fronts and 94 global fronts engineering development fronts in 2019, with 28 engineering In this report, the identification of the engineering research research fronts and 28 engineering development fronts being listed as the current focus of interpreting according to fronts is performed mainly in the following two ways. The principles, such as development prospects and the degree of first is defining the literature clustering theme through the attention. The number distribution of engineering fronts of clustering method of co-citation according to the SCI journal the nine fields is shown in Table 1.1. papers and data of conference proceedings from the Web of Science Core Collection of Clarivate Analytics. The second The specific research methods consist of three stages, namely is defining the engineering research fronts through expert data exchange, data analysis, and expert review. During the nomination. Alternative engineering research fronts that were data exchange stage, the interaction of domain experts and identified through expert argumentation and refinement library and information experts plays a significant role in went through questionnaires and multiple rounds of expert defining the scope of data mining. In the data analysis stage, discussions, yielding approximately ten engineering research research hotspots and ThemeScape maps featured by data fronts in each field. are obtained through clustering methods, and engineering hotspots are determined through expert research. In the expert review stage, the results of fronts are obtained through 1.1 Acquisition and preprocessing of paper methods such as expert discussions and questionnaires. In data addition, to fix the problem of insuicient research data owing to algorithm limitations or lags in data mining, experts from different fields were encouraged to check the results of the Clarivate Analytics mapped the fields of Web of Science and data analysis to fill in the gaps and nominate the engineering the nine academic division fields of the CAE and obtained a list fronts. The specific operation procedure is shown in Figure 1.1, of journals and conferences in each field. Aer the correction Table 1.1 Number distribution of engineering fronts of the nine fields Field Number of engineering research fronts Number of engineering development fronts Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering 10 10 Information and Electronic Engineering 10 10 Chemical, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering 11 12 Energy and Mining Engineering 12 12 Civil, Hydraulic, and