Coding Hazardous Tree Failures for a Data Management System Lee A. Paine PACIFIC SOUTHWEST GENERAL TECHNICAL Forest and Range REPORT PSW- 29 Experiment Station Paine, Lee A. 1978. Coding hazardous tree failures for a data management system. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-29, 108 p., illus. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Exp. Stn., Forest Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Berkeley, Calif. Codes for automatic data processing (ADP) are provided for hazardous tree failure data submitted on Report of Tree Failure forms. Definitions of data items and suggestions for interpreting ambiguously worded reports are also included. The manual is intended to insure the production of accurate and consistent punched ADP cards which are used in transfer of the data to magnetic tapes. The codes and card format specified are compatible with the computer processing and analysis pro- grams provided in a user's guide, General Technical Report PSW-24. The guide covers use of the codes to specify the desired categories and ranges of data (species, diameters, organization, areas, times, conditions, etc.) to be included in analyses. Retrieval Terms: hazard trees; hazard reduction; recreation areas; urban forestry; safety standards; data management; computer programs; coding. The Author Lee A. Paine is a forest pathologist, stationed in Berkeley, studying problems in forest tree diseases, particularly in relation to evaluation and control of public hazard and safety on wooded recreation sites. He came to the Pacific Southwest Station from the Canadian Science Service in 1957. He holds bachelor's (1943) and master's (1947) degrees in forestry from the University of Idaho and a doctorate (1951) from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Acknowledgment A manual such as this necessarily embodies many suggestions and modifications by the originators and users. I am grateful to the forestry, biology and statistical aids, both graduate and undergraduate students at local universities, who have made the coding manual easier to use by discovering inconsistencies and ambiguities. Their work has improved the data coding process and, in the end, the reliability of data analyses. In particular, I thank Richard D. Boothe, who was largely responsible for the forest type code condensation and descriptions. Paine, Lee A. 1979. Coding hazardous tree failures for a data management system. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-29, 108 p., illus. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Exp. Stn., Forest Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Berkeley, Calif. ADDENDA The following items should be inserted in the manual on the indicated pages. Page 7, just above H. Property or Person Directly Affected, insert: City parks-Code as site category 1. Page, 15 after 76A BASSWOOD, WHITE insert: 512 BAY, CALIFORNIA UMBELLULARIA CALIFORNICA Page 16, after 767 DOGWOOD, RED-OSIER insert: 728 DOMBEYA DOMBEYA SPP. Page 19, after 743 SUMAC, STAGHORN insert: 567 SWEET BAY LAURUS NOBILIS Page 21, after 813 SHIN OAK insert: 830 OVERCUP Q. LYRATA SE (W) 830 SWAMP POST Q. LYRATA SE (W) 830 SWAMP WHITE Q. LYRATA SE (W) Page 21, after 816 WILLOW insert: 830 WATER WHITE Q. LYRATA SE (W) Page 56, under CORPS OF ENGINEERS, indented under LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT insert: MILLWOOD RES 42305 01 Page 57, after COE (HENRY W.) ST PARK insert *, and at bottom of page add: * COLONEL ALLENSWORTH SHP 52530 00 Page 62, after MALIBU CREEK SP insert: COLONEL ALLENSWORTH SHP 52530 00 Page 64, after ZIBE DIMMICK STATE PARK insert: TRYON CREEK 52150 00 Page 68, after SPENCER SPIT insert: SADDLEBAG ISL 52367 00 Page 106, next to number 728 insert: DOMBEYA DOMBEYA SPP. Page 108, next to number 830 insert: OVERCUP Q. LYRATA SE (W) Coding Hazardous Tree Failures for a Data Management System Lee A. Paine CONTENTS Page Introduction ...................................................................1 Guidelines for Coding ..........................................................1 Problems in Interpreting Reports ...............................................4 Coding Specific Items ........................................................5 Format for ADP Cards ........................................................ 8 Codes for Failure Report―Outline ............................................10 Target Value Guide ...........................................................12 Tree Species Codes―Alphabetic .............................................13 Softwood Species Codes ..................................................... 13 Hardwood Species Codes ....................................................15 Oak Species Codes .........................................................20 Other Species Codes ........................................................21 Forest Type Codes and Descriptions ............................................22 Codes .....................................................................22 Descriptions ................................................................23 Associates of Softwoods, by Species and Location ............................ 32 Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station P.O. Box 245 Berkeley, California 94701 December 1978 CONTENTS (continued) Page Agency Codes―Outline .......................................................38 Agency Codes―Detail ........................................................40 Forest Service ..............................................................40 National Park Service .......................................................50 Bureau of Indian Affairs/Indian Tribal Lands ..................................51 Fish and Wildlife Service ....................................................52 Bureau of Land Management .................................................55 Corps of Engineers .........................................................56 State Agencies .............................................................56 Public Utilities .............................................................70 Regional, County, and City Agencies .........................................70 Soil Conservation Service ...................................................70 Bureau of Reclamation ......................................................71 State and County Codes .......................................................72 General ....................................................................72 Detail .....................................................................73 Tree Species Codes―Numeric .................................................99 his manual is a tool for establishing files in the (see the user's guide). For most uses, the verified data Tdata management system for hazard control de- are then transferred to computer tapes. From these, scribed in a separate user's guide1. Information analyses in tabular form may be obtained through the supplied on the "Report of Tree Failure" (fig. 1) must FAILURE program, or selected cards or limited-data be interpreted and coded so that accurate data process­ tapes may be re-created from the master tapes. In all ing cards may be produced in a format compatible with phases of the data management system, accurate cod­ the programs used for computer processing and ing, transcription, and card-punching are essential; analysis. These programs are available on request, as errors may interfere with proper operation of the com­ indicated in the user's guide. puter programs or produce misleading results in After cards are punched, they are put in sequential analyses. order for screening by the ERROR CHECK program GUIDELINES FOR CODING A first step in preparing for the coding process is to areas; and "blue books" with prices of new and used gather together useful references to supplement the items including automobiles and recreation vehicles. coding manual itself. Such references include maps For automatic data processing (ADP), each valid showing county, agency, and city boundaries and rec­ report of tree failure is first coded on the report form reation site locations; silvics references with species itself, following codes given in this manual. Then the distribution maps; dendrology manuals; check lists for information on the report is punched on ADP cards, as technical nomenclature and for common and local described under "Format for ADP Cards." Codes are names; references describing the flora of specific needed for most items on the report, and for a few additional items not indicated on the report form itself. Codes for these additional items are determined as explained under "Coding Specific Items." 1 Paine, Lee A., and James W. Clarke, 1978. Tree failures and The report form shown in figure 1 (modified to accidents in recreation areas: A guide to data management for include labeled spaces for coding) has the advantage of hazard control. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-24, 30 p., illus. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Exp. Stn., Forest Serv., U.S. Dep. eliminating a step in preparation of the punched Agric., Berkeley, Calif. cards―the transcription of codes to a worksheet. A 3 Figure 1―For data management, reports of tree failures and accidents are submitted on a form patterned after the U.S. Forest Service Form PSW-4600-3. As shown here, the arrangement of the original form has been modified to indicate the ADP card location of codes for each item. Labeling of the spaces (see "Format for ADP Cards") shows the card number (1 or 2) at left, followed by the column numbers of the appropriate field. Use of this modified form eliminates a step in the process of ADP card preparation: cards are punched directly from the report form rather than