December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1. MECHANICAL 24 1.1 VESSELS& TANKS 24 1.1.1 DRUM, COLUMN 24 1.1.2 VESSELS 25 1.1.3 TOWER 27 1.1.4 PROCESS VESSEL PACKAGES 28 1.1.5 TRAYS & INTERNALS 28 1.1.5.1 TRAYS & PACKING 29 1.1.5.2 INTERNALS 29 1.1.5.3 REGENERATOR INTERNALS 29 1.1.6 REACTOR (HEAVY WALL) 30 1.1.7 REACTOR (THK.<40MM & ID.<=4M) 31 1.1.8 STORAGE TANK(FLOATING & FIXED ROOF) & MISC ATMOSPHERIC TANKS 31 1.1.8.1 TANK SEALING 32 1.1.8.2 EMERGENCY & RIMVENTS 33 1.1.8.3 TANK HEATER 33 1.1.9 SPHERE TANK 33 1.2 HEAT EXCHANGERS 33 1.2.1 EXCHANGER (SHELL & TUBE) 34 1 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.2.2 TUBULAR TURBINE CONDENSERS 36 1.2.3 PLATE EXCHANGER 37 1.2.4 DOUBLE PIPE EXCHANGERS 37 1.2.5 AIR COOLED EXCHANGER(AIR FIN EXCHANGER) 38 1.2.6 HIGH TEMPERATURE SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER 39 1.3 HEATERS & BOILERS 39 1.3.1 FIRED HEATER/HYDROGEN REFORMER 40 1.3.1.1 DIRECT FIRE AIR HEATERS 40 1.3.1.2 BURNER 40 1.3.1.3 REFRACTORY LINING 41 1.3.2 INERT GAS GENERATOR 41 1.3.2.1 BY COMBUSTION 41 1.3.2.2 BY AIR SEPARATION 41 1.3.3 SULFUR REACTION FURNACE & ASSOCIATED W.H.B 42 1.3.4 INCINERATORS 42 1.3.5 AIRPREHEATER START UP HEATER 42 1.3.5.1 GAS PREHEATER/ AIR PREHEATER 43 1.3.6 ELECTRIC HEATERS 43 1.3.7 UTILITIES BOILERS 43 2 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.3.7.1 WASTE HEAT BOILER 44 1.4 PUMPS & TURBINES 44 1.4.1 CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMP 45 1.4.2 CENTRIFUGAL REFINERY TYPE PUMP (API & NON API) 45 1.4.3 SEA WATER LIFT PUMPS 47 1.4.4 PUMP-PROPORTIONING 47 1.4.4.1 LIQUID RING VACUUM PUMPS 48 1.4.4.2 SUBMERGED PUMPS 48 1.4.4.3 BOILER FEED WATER PUMPS 48 1.4.4.4 HEAVY DUTY IND. SERVICE (VORTEX, VERTICAL, ERISTALLIC, ETC) 49 1.4.4.5 CRYOGENIC SUBMERGED PUMP 49 1.4.4.6 LIQUID SULFUR PUMP (STEAM JACKETED) 49 1.4.4.7 SUBMERSIBLE PUMP 50 1.4.5 PUMP-RECIPROCATING 50 1.4.6 PUMP-ROTARY 50 1.4.7 VERTICAL PUMP 51 1.4.7.1 CENTRIFUGAL – VERTICAL (API) 52 1.4.7.2 SEWAGE PUMP 52 1.4.7.3 DRAINAGE PUMP 52 3 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.4.8 METERING PUMP 53 1.4.9 TANK MIXER PUMP 53 1.4.10 SCREW PUMP 53 1.4.11 FIRE FIGHTING PUMP 54 1.4.11.1 DIESEL ENGINES (FIRE FIGHTING PUMPS) 55 1.4.12 MECHANICAL SEAL 55 1.4.12.1 COUPLING 55 1.4.12.2 MECHANICAL SEAL LIQUID SEAL 55 1.4.12.3 DRY GAS SEALS 55 1.4.12.4 PACKING 56 1.4.13 STEAM TURBINE 56 1.4.14 DRIVERS(EXCEPT ELECTIC MOTORS) 56 1.4.14.1 HOT GAS EXPANDERS 56 1.4.14.2 COLD GAS EXPANDERS 57 1.4.14.3 DIESEL ENGINES (DRIVERS) 57 1.5 COMPRESSORS & BLOWERS 57 1.5.1 CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR PACKAGE 57 1.5.1.1 PROCESS GAS CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR 58 1.5.1.2 AIR COMPRESSOR PACKAGES 58 4 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.5.1.3 AIR COMPRESSORS 59 1.5.2 RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR 59 1.5.2.1 ROTARY COMPRESSORS (VANE TYPE) 60 1.5.2.2 DIAPHRAGM TYPE COMPRESSORS 60 1.5.2.3 AXIAL TYPE COMPRESSORS 60 1.5.3 SCREW COMPRESSOR 61 1.5.4 CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER 61 1.5.4.1 FANS 62 1.5.4.2 FAN BLOWER 62 1.6 FILTERS 62 1.6.1 SEPARATOR & FILTER 62 1.6.1.1 INTERNALS FOR SEPARATORS 63 1.6.1.2 FILTERS 64 1.6.2 CARTRIDGE FILTERS 64 1.6.3 SCRUBBERS PACKAGES / FUEL GAS FILTERS 65 1.6.4 MOLECULAR SIEVE 65 1.6.5 FINS FILTERS 65 1.7 MISCELLANEOUS 65 1.7.1 COOLING TOWER 66 5 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.7.2 DESUPERHEATER 66 1.7.3 EJECTOR 66 1.7.4 SILENCER 67 1.7.5 STATIC MIXER 67 1.7.5.1 MIXERS 67 1.7.5.2 TANK MIXER 68 1.7.6 FLARE SYSTEM 68 1.7.6.1 FLARES & LIQUID BURNERS PACKAGES 68 1.7.6.2 FLARE STACK 68 1.7.7 BELT CONVEYOR 69 1.7.8 CRANES 69 1.7.8.1 OVERHEAD CRANE AND OTHER HANDLING EQUIPMENT 70 1.7.8.2 BRIDGE CRANES (E.O.T) 70 1.7.9 LIFTING EQUIPMENT 70 1.7.10 TRUCK LOADING FACILITIES 70 1.7.10.1 ONSHORE LOADING ARM 71 1.7.10.2 OFFSHORE LOADING ARM 71 1.7.11 FLAME ARRESTORS 71 1.7.12 PIGGING FACILITIES 71 6 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 1.7.12.1 PIG LAUNCHERS & RECEIVERS 72 1.7.12.2 PIGS 72 1.7.12.3 SIGNAL DETECTORS 72 1.7.13 SCRAPER TRAP & SLUG CATCHERS 72 1.7.14 WORK SHOP EQUIPMENT 73 2. ELECTRICAL 73 2.1 TRANSFORMER 73 2.2 UPS 74 2.2.1 AC/DC NO BREAK SYSTEM 74 2.3 BATTERY CHARGER 74 2.4 BATTERY 75 2.5 LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL 76 2.5.1 FIX TYPE(LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 76 2.5.2 FIX TYPE-EXPLOSION PROOF(LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 77 2.5.3 WITHDRAWABLE TYPE(LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 77 2.5.4 CAPACITOR BANK(LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 77 2.6 MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL 77 2.6.1 FIX TYPE(MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 78 2.6.2 WITHDRAWABLE TYPE(MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 78 7 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 2.6.3 CAPACITOR BANK(MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR PANEL) 79 2.7 LIGHTING FIXTURES(ORDINARY TYPE FOR BUILDINGS) 79 2.8 AREA LIGHTINGS 80 2.8.1 FLOOD LIGHTING FIXTURE & STREET LIGHTING FIXTURE 80 2.8.2 LIGHTING POLE 81 2.9 INDUSTRIAL LIGHTING FIXTURES 81 2.10 EXPLOSION PROOF LIGHTING FIXTURES 83 2.11 CABLE TRAY & ACCESSORIES(GRP OR S/STEEL) 85 2.12 CABLE & WIRE 86 2.13 INDUSTRIAL & EX TYPE JUNCTION BOX 87 2.14 ANNUNCIATION PANEL 88 2.15 CONDUITS & FITTING 88 2.16 MOTOR 88 2.16.1 LOW VOLTAGE ELEC.MOTOR 88 2.16.2 MEDIUM VOLTAGE ELEC.MOTOR 89 2.16.3 LOW VOLTAGE EXPLOSION PROOF ELEC.MOTOR 90 2.16.4 MEDIUM VOLTAGE EXPLOSION PROOF ELEC.MOTOR 90 2.17 BUS DUCT & TRUNKING 91 2.18 GROUNDING MATERIAL 91 8 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 2.19 START & STOP CONTROL STATION 92 2.20 GENERATORS 92 2.20.1 DIESEL GENERATOR PACKAGE 93 2.20.2 GAS TURBINE GENERATOR 94 2.21 FLAME PROOF BULK MATERIAL 94 2.22 CABLE GLAND & CABLE JOINT BOXES 95 2.23 CATHODIC PROTECTION 95 2.23.1 TRANSFORMER AND RECTIFIER 96 2.23.2 ANODES 96 2.23.3 ACCESSORIES 96 2.24 VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE & SOFT STARTER 96 2.25 PLUGS & SOCKETS 96 2.25.1 INDUSTRIAL & EXPLOSION PROOF(PLUGS & SOCKETS) 96 2.25.2 ORDINARY TYPE FOR BUILDINGS(PLUGS & SOCKETS) 97 2.26 ELECTRICAL TRACING 97 2.27 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM 97 2.28 LIGHT BUOYS 97 3. INSTRUMENTATION 97 3.1 PCS (PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM) 98 9 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 3.1.1 DCS (DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM) MANUFACTURER & INTEGRATOR) 98 3.1.1.1 REFINERY & CRITICAL PROJECTS(DCS) 98 3.1.1.2 PIPELINE\PUMPSTATION & NONCRITICAL PROJECTS(DCS) 98 3.1.2 PLC (PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS) 99 3.1.2.1 REFINERY & CRITICAL PROJECTS(PLC) 99 3.1.2.2 PIPELINE\PUMPSTATION & NONCRITICAL PROJECTS(PLC) 100 3.1.3 PERIPHERAL 100 3.1.3.1 MARSHALLING AND BARRIER CABINET 101 3.1.3.2 ISOLATING / BARRIER & AMPLIFIER 101 3.1.3.3 PC 101 3.1.3.4 PRINTER 102 3.2 ESD SYSTEM 102 3.3 PANELS 102 3.3.1 CONVENTIONAL CONTROL PANEL 102 3.3.2 PANEL INSTRUMENTS 103 3.3.3 MIMIC PANELS 103 3.4 TRAINING SIMULATOR SYSTEM 103 3.5 CONTROLLER 104 3.6 INDICATOR 104 10 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 3.7 RECORDER 105 3.8 ANNUNCIATOR SYSTEM 105 3.9 FIRE AND GAS DETECTION 106 3.9.1 FIRE AND GAS DETECTION (F&G) 106 3.9.2 DETECTORS 107 3.9.2.1 FIRE DETECTORS (UV + IR) 107 3.9.2.2 GAS DETECTOR 107 3.9.2.3 SMOKE DETECTOR 108 3.9.2.4 HEAT DETECTOR 109 3.9.2.5 FLAME DETECTOR 109 3.9.2.6 FIRE AND GAS DETECTOR 110 3.9.3 MANUAL CALL POINT 110 3.10 ANALYSERS 110 3.10.1 ANALYSER INTEGRATION 110 3.10.2 ANALYZERS 110 3.10.3 INFERA RED ANALYSER (ON-LINE) 111 3.10.4 OXYGEN ANALYSER (TRACE, PURITY, IN LIQUID/ON LINE) 111 3.10.4.1 OXYGENE PROCESS ANALYSER 112 3.10.4.2 OXYGEN FLUEGAS ANALYSERS 112 11 December 2008 NIOEC-VLS-00-01(2) 3.10.5 HYDROGEN PROCESS ANALYSER 112 3.10.6 MOISTURE ANALYSER (IN GAS, IN LIQUID/ON-LINE) 113 3.10.7 GAS ANALYSER 113 3.10.8 H2S ANALYSER (ON-LINE) 113 3.11 GAS CHROMATOGRAPH (LAB) 114 3.12 PH METER (ON-LINE) 114 3.13 CONDUCTIVITY METER (ON-LINE) 115 3.14 MACHINE MONITORING SYSTEM 115 3.15 VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM 115 3.16 GOVERNOR~ OVER SPEED PROTECTION 116 3.17 LEVELS 116 3.17.1 TANK GAUGING SYSTEM (TGS) & TANK LEVEL INST.