Fall 2014 MARYLAND Ma Book Excerpt: Indians of Southern Maryland ry la by Rebecca Seib and Helen C. Rountree nd Historical Magazine Hi “Convicted of a Scandalous Offence against the Government”: st or Political Culture and the English Civil War in Colonial Maryland ic al by Steven Carl Smith Ma Maryland’s Presidential Election of 1860 gazine by Charles W. Mitchell George W. Welzant and the New Warsaw Land and Industrial Company by Thomas L. Hollowak Research Notes & Maryland Miscellany The Case of the Catholic Know-Nothings, by Tracy Matthew Melton Vo l. 109, No . 3, Fa ll 2014 The Journal of the Maryland Historical Society Cover: Late-summer Garden, Indian Village, St. Leonard, Maryland In 2007, the Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum created this Indian Vil- lage in commemoration of John Smith’s exploration of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries four hundred years earlier. The park offers a glimpse into life as it might have been when the Virginia settler first visited the native people who lived along the Patuxent River. There are currently four longhouses on the site, with a palisade border of tall poles to protect stores of corn from raiders. The working garden produces vegetables that were staple foods of the native people. For ad- ditonal information visit www.jefpat.org (Courtesy, Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum.) Friends of the Press of the Maryland Historical Society The Maryland Historical Society continues its commitment to publish the finest new work in Maryland History. Next year, 2015, marks ten years since the Publications Committee, with the advice and support of the development staff, launched the Friends of the Press, an effort dedicated to raising money to be used solely for bringing new titles into print. The society is particularly grateful to H. Thomas Howell, past committee chair, for his unwavering support of our work and for his exemplary generosity. The committee is pleased to announce two new titles funded through the Friends of the Press. Rebecca Seib and Helen C. Rountree’s forthcoming IndianS of Southern Maryland, offers a highly readable account of the culture and history of Maryland’s native people, from prehistory to the early twenty-first century. The authors, both cultural anthropologists with training in history, have written an objective, reliable source for the general public, modern Maryland Indians, schoolteachers, and scholars. Appearing next spring, Milt Diggins’s compelling story of slave catcher Thom- as McCreary examines the physical and legal battles that followed the passing of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. Was seizing escaped slaves the legal capture of fugi- tives—or an act of kidnapping? Residing in Cecil County, midway between Phila- delphia and Baltimore, and conducting his “business” in an area already inflamed by clashes like the violent Christiana riots, McCreary drew the ire of abolitionists. Frederick Douglass referred to him as “the notorious Elkton kidnapper.” These are the seventh and eighth Friends of the Press titles, continuing the mission first set forth in 1844. We invite you to become a supporter and help us fill in the unknown pages of Maryland history. If you would like to make a tax- deductible gift to the Friends of the Press, please direct your donation to Develop- ment, Maryland Historical Society, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. For additional information on MdHS publications, contact Patricia Dock- man Anderson, Director of Publications and Library Services, 410-685-3750 x317 or [email protected]. Maryland Historical Society Founded 1844 Officers Thomas A. Collier, Chairman Robert M. Cheston Jr. Assistant Secretary Richard C. Tilghman Jr., Vice Chairman Sandra R. Flax, Vice President Burton K. KuMMerow, President Louise Lake Hayman, Vice President Cecil E. Flamer, Treasurer George S. Rich, Vice President M. Willis Macgill, Assistant Treasurer Lynn Springer Roberts, Vice President James W. Constable, Secretary Jacqueline Smelkinson, Vice President Board of Trustees Thomas C. Barbuti Brian W. HaMMock Chairpersons Emeriti Justin A. Batoff Patricia King Jackson Jack S. Griswold H. Clay Braswell Jr. Eleanor Shriver Magee Barbara P. Katz Francis J. Carey III George S. Malouf Jr. Stanard T. Klinefelter Virginia Clagett Jayne H. Plank Henry Hodges Stansbury W. Talbot Daley Russell C. Dashiell Jr. Immediate Past Chairman PresidentS Emeriti Chandler B. Dennison Robert R. Neall Brian Topping John McShane Alex. G. Fisher Ex-Officio Trustees The Hon. John P. Sarbanes The Hon. David R. Craig The Hon. Stephanie Rawlings-Blake, Representative: WilliaM B. Gilmore II The Hon. Kevin Kamenetz, Representative: Richard Parsons John Siemon, Maryland Genealogical Society The Maryland Historical Magazine Patricia Dockman Anderson, Editor Matthew Hetrick, Associate Editor Christopher T. George, Donna B. Shear, James Singewald, Joe Tropea, Editorial AssociateS Editorial Board Charles W. Mitchell, Chair John S. Bainbridge; Jean H. Baker; Robert J. Brugger; Lois Green Carr; Suzanne E. Chapelle; Marilyn Davis; Toby L. Ditz; Jack G. Goellner; Elizabeth Gray; H. Thomas Howell; Norvell E. Miller III; Edward C. Papenfuse; Lawrence Peskin; Jean B. Russo; James F. Schneider; David S. Thaler ISSN 0025-4258 © 2014 by the Maryland Historical Society. Published quarterly as a benefit of membership in the Maryland Historical Society, spring, summer, fall, and winter. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and/or America: History and Life. Periodicals postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Please send address changes to the Maryland Historical Society, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Printed by The Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania 17331. MARYLAND Historical Magazine VOLUME 109, NO. 3 (Fall 2014) CONTENTS Book Excerpt: IndianS of Southern Maryland..........................................................................263 REBECCA SEIB and HELEN C. ROUNTREE “Convicted of a Scandalous Offence against the Government”: Political Culture and the English Civil War in Colonial Maryland..................................... 279 STEVEN CARL SMITH Maryland’s Presidential Election of 1860 ................................................................................ 307 CHARLES W. MITCHELL George W. Welzant and the New Warsaw Land and Industrial Company .........................329 THOMAS L. HOLLOWAK Research Notes & Maryland Miscellany .................................................................................. 351 The Case of the Catholic Know-Nothings, by Tracy Matthew Melton Book Reviews...............................................................................................................................372 Ridout, Building the JameS Brice House, 1767–1774, by Royanne Chipps Bailey Leepson, What So Proudly We Hailed: FranciS Scott Key, A Life, by David McDonald Cooper, We Have the War Upon Us: The Onset of the Civil War, November 1860–April 1861, by Ben Wynne Clegg, Troubled Ground:A Tale of Murder, Lynching, and Reckoning in the New South, by Katherine E. Rohrer Skotnes, A New Deal for All? Race and ClasS StruggleS in Depression-Era Baltimore, and Sartain, BorderS of Equality: The NAACP and the Baltimore Civil Rights Struggle, 1914–1970, by Francesca Gamber Kurin, The Smithsonian’S History of America in 101 Objects, by Christopher Cumo In Memoriam WilliaM Voss Elder III, longtime friend and committee member of the Maryland Historical Society, died on April 17, 2014, at the age of eighty-two. Mr. Elder attended the Hill School in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, and graduated from Princeton University. He later studied architectural history at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. As second curator of the White House for First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, he was instrumental in redecorating the president’s home and revising the second edition of the official guide book. Mr. Elder left the White House in 1963 for the Baltimore Museum of Art, where he worked for thirty years as curator of decorative arts and authored catalogues showcasing the museum’s collections. He also published articles on the state’s architectural history, some of which are published in the Maryland Historical Magazine. Mr. Elder chaired the Gallery Committee in the 1980s, now the Museum Commit- tee, and remained actively involved. He was an endless fount of information on Maryland history and will be greatly missed. Mark B. Letzer In Memoriam Karen A. Stuart, a longtime mainstay of the library of the Maryland His- torical Society, died of cancer at the age of fifty-nine on August 19, 2014, at Stella Maris Hospice in Timonium. Born in Greensboro, North Carolina, she was raised in Lutherville and was a graduate of Towson High School, Loyola College, and the College of WilliaM& Mary, from which last she earned a master’s degree in American history in 1984. From 1979 to 1985 she was our Assistant Manuscripts Librarian under Donna Ellis, in addition to serving as Assistant Editor of the Maryland Historical Magazine. On the resignation of Head Librarian WilliaM B. Keller in 1985, she became Acting Head Librarian, and in 1986 was confirmed as Head Librarian, a position she held until she left us in 1990 to join the Library of Congress as a manuscripts archivist. She had been at the Library of Congress, and a resident of Alexandria, Virginia, ever since that time.A specialist in colonial American history, she was a consum- mate professional in the administration of libraries in general and