DL.org: Coordination Action on Digital Library Interoperability, Best Practices and Modelling Foundations Funded under the Seventh Framework Programme, ICT Programme – “Cultural Heritage and Technology Enhanced Learning” Project Number: 231551 Deliverable Title: D3.4 Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook Submission Due Date: February 2011 Actual Submission Date: April 2011 Work Package: WP3 Responsible Partner: CNR Deliverable Status: Final Version www.dlorg.eu DL.org Document Information Project Project acronym: DL.org Project full title: Coordination Action on Digital Library Interoperability, Best Practices & Modelling Foundations Project start: 1 December 2008 Project duration: 27 months Call: ICT CALL 3, FP7-ICT-2007-3 Grant agreement no.: 231551 Document Deliverable number: D3.4 Deliverable title: Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook Editor(s): L. Candela (CNR), A. Nardi (CNR) Author(s): G. Athanasopoulos (NKUA), L. Candela (CNR), D. Castelli (CNR), K. El Raheb (NKUA), P. Innocenti (UG), Y. Ioannidis (NKUA), V. Katifori (NKUA), A. Nika (NKUA), S. Ross (University of Toronto), A. Tani (CNR), C. Thanos (CNR), E. Toli (NKUA), G. Vullo (UG) Reviewer(s): C. Thanos (CNR) Contributor(s): K. Ashley (DCC), P. Burnhill (University of Edinburg), T. Catarci (University of Rome “La Sapienza”), G. Clavel-Merrin (Swiss National Library), P. De Castro (Carlos III University Madrid), A. De Robbio (University of Padua), J. Faundeen (USGS), N. Ferro (University of Padua), E. Fox (Virginia Tech), S. Higgins (DCC), R. van Horik (DANS), W. Horstmann (Bielefeld University Library), R. Jones (Symplectic Ltd), G. Kakaletris (NKUA), S. Kapidakis (Ionian University of Corfu), G. Koutrika (Stanford University), P. Manghi (CNR), N. Manola (NKUA), C. Meghini (CNR), R. W. Moore (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), L. Moreau (University of Southampton), A. Nürnberger (University Magdeburg), P. Pagano (CNR), H. Pfeiffenberger (Alfred Wegener Institute), A. Rauber (TU-Wien), M. Smith (MIT), D. Soergel (University of Buffalo), M. Thaller (University of Cologne) Participant(s): CNR, NKUA, UG Work package no.: WP3 Work package title: Digital Library Models and Patterns Work package leader: CNR Work package participants: CNR, NKUA, UG Est. Person-months: 6 Distribution: Public DL.org No. 231551 D3.4 Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook Page 2 of 2 www.dlorg.eu DL.org Nature: Report Version/Revision: 1.0 Draft/Final Final Total number of pages: 125 (including cover) Keywords: Digital Library; Digital Library System; Interoperability; Pattern; Interoperability Approach; Best Practice; Page 3 of 3 D3.4 Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook DL.org No. 231551 www.dlorg.eu DL.org Disclaimer This document contains information on the core activities, findings, and outcomes of the EC-funded project, DL.org, and in some instances, distinguished experts forming part of the project’s Liaison Group, six Thematic Working Groups and External Advisory Board. The document may contain references to content in the DELOS Digital Library Reference Model, which is under copyright. Any references to content herein should clearly indicate the authors, source, organisation and date of publication. 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DL.org No. 231551 D3.4 Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook Page 4 of 4 www.dlorg.eu DL.org Table of Contents 1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................................9 1.1 Interoperability levels and digital libraries ...................................................................................... 10 1.2 Overview of this document ............................................................................................................. 12 2 Digital Library Interoperability Model / Framework................................................................................13 2.1 Digital Library Interoperability Characterisation ............................................................................. 13 2.2 Digital Library Interoperability Patterns .......................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Agreement-based Approaches ................................................................................................. 16 2.2.2 Mediator-based Approaches .................................................................................................... 18 2.2.3 Blending Approaches ................................................................................................................ 19 2.3 The Interoperability Model in Action............................................................................................... 19 3 Organisational, semantic and technical interoperability: Best practices and solutions ..........................21 3.1 Content Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions....................................................... 21 3.1.1 Information Object Description Publishing/Presentation ........................................................ 21 3.1.2 Standards for Information Objects / Metadata ........................................................................ 29 3.1.3 Application Profiles................................................................................................................... 35 3.1.4 Metadata Mapping / Crosswalks .............................................................................................. 39 3.1.5 Information Object (Resource) Identifiers................................................................................ 42 3.2 User Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions ............................................................ 45 3.2.1 Representation of User Models: Shared Format Approach...................................................... 46 3.2.2 User Models and Profiles Conversion....................................................................................... 48 3.2.3 Authentication/Authorisation Protocols for User Management.............................................. 50 3.3 Functionality Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions............................................... 54 3.3.1 Function Interface Reconciliation Approaches ......................................................................... 54 3.3.2 Function Behaviour Reconciliation ........................................................................................... 61 3.3.3 Function Conditions Modelling................................................................................................. 66 3.4 Policy Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions .......................................................... 68 3.4.1 Sample potential approach: EML Overview.............................................................................. 70 3.4.2 Sample potential approach: METS and OAI-PMH..................................................................... 72 3.5 Quality Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions ........................................................ 74 3.5.1 Data Quality Interoperability Frameworks ............................................................................... 75 3.5.2 Web interoperability solutions ................................................................................................. 78 3.5.3 Guidelines, checklists, certificates and best practices supporting DL Quality Interoperability 81 3.6 Architecture Domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions................................................ 85 3.6.1 Architectural Component Profile.............................................................................................. 85 3.6.2 Standard-based Exploitation of third party Architectural Component..................................... 85 3.6.3 Mediator Services ..................................................................................................................... 89 3.7 Cross-domain Interoperability Best practices and Solutions........................................................... 90 Page 5 of 5 D3.4 Digital Library Technology and Methodology Cookbook DL.org No. 231551 www.dlorg.eu DL.org 3.7.1 Provenance ............................................................................................................................... 90 4 Interoperability Scenarios........................................................................................................................94 4.1 Digital Library Systems Federation .................................................................................................. 94 4.1.1 Data model