FRAGILE DOES NOT . ; ^ /iieiaJHT^ITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henrg US. Sage 1891 gt.a.(..o..xa.q _--j^ vS.\i:^..iA.'a-.. DATt r Atjtrr" J J ^^^HT^ 'm-^^-t-^r-pj, w fw==fi9f4^ FRAGILE DOES aRCULATE mrHr^ffrrr'^r^ T"' PA foaol #^<pv^' Psyche The Story of Cupid and as related, by Apuleius. n w Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tlie Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924026475867 UJ The Story of Cupid and Psyche as related by Apuleius EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY LOUIS C. PURSER, Litt.d. FELLOW OP TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN LONDON : GEORGE BELL & SONS : 1910 77^ DUBLIN: PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITV PRESS, BY PONSONBY AND GIBBS. PREFACE As far as I know, there is no separate English edition of the Cupid and Psyche of Apuleius ; and accordingly the present endeavour to produce one must have all the defects of a first essay in a diflScult field, super- added to the many failings which can justly be laid to the charge of my own deficiencies. Besides, the strange and unclassical nature of the language precluded my having the continuous assistance of my colleagues, as it would have been too great a strain on friendship to ask for their constant help in editing such an out-of-the-way book. On these grounds this edition begs for the utmost indulgence which any reader can find it in his conscience to extend to an attempt to break ground in a domain far away from the beaten track. However, it is a pleasure to express gratitude for a considerable amount of assis- tance which has been most generously given me: and I have to thank very sincerely my friends, Mr. Henry S. Macran, Fellow of Trinity College, for iv PEEPACE reading the proofs of the Introduction and offering many valuable suggestions ; and Mr. J. T. Gibbs, Manager of the University Press, whose accurate knowledge of English idiom has saved me from very many errors of expression. L. C. P. Trinity College, Dublin, January, 1910. — TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Introduction : Chapter I. On the Life and Writings of Apuleius, . ix Chapter II. The Story of Cupid and Psyche, . xliii Chapter III. On the Style and Language of Apuleius, Ixx Chapter IV. The Manuscripts and Editions, . ci Cupid and Psyche—Text and Notes, ..... 1-123 Excursus I. Milesian Tales,. ..... 125 Excursus II. Allegorical Explanations of the Tale, . 128 Excursus III. The Poems of Melbager on Love and the Soul, 132 Index, .......... 135 COREIGENDA. Page xcix 10 lines from end. For 6. 18 read 5. 18 Page 9, line 1 ff., first column. The ms. reading infirmi, as I now see, cannot be defended. We should read mfimi. Compare a similar error of the copyist of F in Met. 1. 8 (p. 8. 11 ed. Helm), where infirmare is given for what was certainly infimare {as the preceding stiblimare shows). Page 15, line 5. For Ludii read Ludiiim : and similarly in note. Page 21, line 15 (first col.). After semper add, ' (which he takes from the Oxford codex) ' ' ' Page 24, line 6 (first col.). For multitude of musicians ' read company singing in harmony ' Page 29, line 27 (first col.). For oeulis read oculos ' ' Page 54. Add to crit. notes 1 prouectae Buraian : porrectas F^ Page 84, last line (first col.). For comuUii read consuUis Page 84, line 16 (second col.). For deormn read deartun SOME "WORKS REFERRED TO IN THE NOTES UNDER THE NAMES OF THE AUTHORS ONLY Bbokee (H.), Studia Apuleiana. Berlin, 1879. Beyte (Fb.), Quaestiones Appuleianae. Leipzig, 1888. Gatsgha (Fb.), Quaestionnm Apuleianarum capita tria(Dissertationes Philologae Vindobonenses vi, pp. 141-190). Vienna, 1898. Kretsohmann (H.), De Latinitate L. Apulei Madaurensis. Konigs- berg, 1865. KoziOL (H), Der Stil des L. Apuleius. Vienna, 1872. Leky (M.), De Syntaxi Apuleiana. Regensburg, 1908. LuTjoHANN (Chb.), Kritische Beitrage zu Apuleius' Metamorphosen. Kiel, 1872. NEUE-WAfiENEE, Formenlehre derlateinischen Sprache von Friedrieh Neue. Dritte sehr vermehrte Auflage von C. Wagener. Berlin and Leipzig, 1892-1902. PiEOHOTTA (I.), Curae Apuleianae. Warsaw, 1882. BoNSCH (H.), Itaia und Vulgata. Marburg, 1875. SoHALLEE (W.), De fabula Apuleiana quae est de Psycha et Cupidine. Leipzig, 1901. Weymann (C), Apulei de Psyche et Cupidine fabula adnota- tionibus eriticis instruota (JJndex leetionum quae in Universitate Friburgensi per menses aestivos anni mdocoxci habebuntur). Freiburg, 1891. ! ; latest-born and loveliest vision far Of all Olympus' faded hierarchy Fairer than Phoebe's sapphire-regioned star, Or Vesper, amorous glow-worm of the sky ; Fairer than these, though temple thou hast none, Nor altar heaped with flowers Nor Virgin- choir to make delicious moan Upon the midnight hours. Keats, Ode to Psyche. — — INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I ON THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF APULEIUS Ees pertricosa est, Coiile, hellus homo. Mautial. Though Apuleius was an important man in his day, and exerciKsed a considerable influence on the literary- style of subsequent writers,' very little is known about his life, except the circumstances surrounding- his trial for magic and a few facts we can gather from his own writings. The references to him in later writers are mainly confined to his supposed 1 Christodorus (circ. 500 a.d.) mentions (Anth. Pal. 2. 303-5) a bronze statue of Apuleius as having been in the Zeuxippus at Byzantium, in these terms Kttt voep^s a.<j>diyKTa. AaTivi&O's opyta Mov(riys a^ero TraTrTaivatv 'ATrvXrjios, ovTiva /aucttjjv Autrovls apprJTOv (ro<j>irji idpixf/aro %uprjv (i.e. Muse) the reference being probably to the reputation for magic which had attached itself to Apuleius. It has been remarked that of the eighty statues mentioned by Christodorus, only four^are of Eomans, viz. Pompey, Caesar, Vergil, and Apuleius: also that on the contorniates the only Latin -writers -whose portraits appear are Terence, Accius, Horace, Sallust, and Apuleius. See Sch-wabe in Pauly-Wissowa ii, 255, 256. For the imitators of Apuleius cp. Weyman, Sitzungsb. der bayerischen Akad., 1893, pp. 821ff. b X INTEODUCTION power of working miracles^ and to his doctrine about intermediate spirits (demons).^ The whole chrono- logy of his life is uncertain in its exact details ; but a masterly article by Erwin Rohde* has located within fairly narrow limits the few events of his life with which we are acquainted.* 1. Apuleius^ was born at Madaura, a Roman colony in the province of Africa, about 80 miles east of Cirta. To judge from its remains, it was probably among the first five towns of the province, Lambaesis, Thamugadi, and Thibursicum being perhaps greater. It was about 20 miles south of Thagaste, where St. Augustine was born ; and it was to Madaura that the latter apparently went to continue his education ^ He is often mentioned as a worker of miracles in connexion •with Apollonius of Tyana : cp. St. Jerome on Psalm Ixxxi (Migne vii, p. 1066) non est grande facers signa: nam fecere signa in Aegypto magi contra Moysen, fecit et Apollonius, fecit et Appuleius. Infiniti signa fecerunt. Concede tibi, Porphyri, magicis artibus signa fecerunt ut diuitias acciperent a diuitibus mulierculis quas induceerant—plainly alluding to Apuleius : cp. Lactantius Inst. 5. 3 : St. Augustine Epp. 8. 102. 32 : 136. 1 : 188. 18, 19 (Migne ii, 383, 514, 538, 534). « St. Aug., Civ. Dei 8. 12. ' Bheinisches Museum, 1885, pp. 66-113 = Kl. Schriften ii, p. 43£f. * Eohde's conclusions generally are adopted by Schwabe in Pauly-Wissowa ii, 246-258, by Martin Sohanz in his Geschichte der rom. Litteratur (Miiller's Handbuch viii, 3), §§ 553, 554, and by M. Paul Valette, L'Apologie d'ApuUe (1908), p. 3 ff. M. Valette, however, thinks that Apuleius did not compose his Metamorphoses until after his return to Africa. " No sufficient evidence can be adduced for the prenomen Lucius which is sometimes given him. It is probably due to his identi- fication with the hero of the Met. : cp. Teuffel-Schwabe, § 366. 1. LIFE AND WEITING8 OF APULEIUS xi when his native town could not supply any further facilities, and from it he afterwards proceeded to Carth- age to acquire the higher branches of learning.^ So one was able at Madaura to get what we should call a good secondary education. Apuleius was the son of an important citizen of that town, who had held the office of duumvir, which was the highest post which the municipality had to offer, and who must have been fairly wealthy, if (as is stated) he left Apuleius and his other son two million sesterces, something like £20,000.^ He was born about 124 or 125 a.d. This is nowhere stated explicitly, but can be inferred with a considerable degree of probability by certain combinations.^ Probably he received his early educa- ^ Confess. 2. 3 mihi reducto a Madauris, in qua uicina urbe iam coeperam litteraturae atque oratoriae percipiendae gratia peregrinari, longinquioris apud Carthaginem peregrinationis sumptvs praeparabantur animositate magis quam opihun patris, municipis Thagastensis admodum tenuis. ' Cp. Apul. Apol. 24 init. De patria mea uero, quod earn sitam Numidiae et Oaetuliae in ipso confinio meis scriptis ostendistis,^guibus memet professus sum, cum Lolliano Auito c.u. praesente publice disse- rerem, Seminumidam et Semigaetulum, non uideo quid mihi sit in ea re colonia patrem habui loco pudendum : and a little afterwards in qua c. prindpis duumuiralem, cunctis honoribus perfunctum ; cp. also 23 profiteor mihi ac fratri meo relictum a patre HS uidcs paulo seem, idque a me longa peregrinatione et diutinis studiis et crebris liberali- tatibus modice imminutum : nam et amicorum plerisque opem tuli et magistris phcrimis gratiam retuli, quorundum etiam filias dote auxi.