Enhancing Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Through a Mobile Application A Major Qualifying Project (MQP) submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Management Information Systems (MIS) Submitted by: Richard Falzone Andrew Mahn Nicholas Pataky Juan Rodriguez Sponsored by: Dr. Maryann Davis, UMass Medical Dr. Carl Fulwiler, UMass Medical Project Advisor: Professor Eleanor Loiacono Contents Abstract 1 Executive Summary 2 Acknowledgments 4 Authorship Statement 5 1. Introduction 7 2. Background 8 2.1 Mindfulness........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 What is MBSR? .................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Effectiveness of MBSR......................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Technology and MBSR....................................................................................................... 10 2.5 User Interface (UI) design best practices ............................................................................ 12 2.5.1: Including users during the design process .................................................................. 13 2.5.2: UI Design Principles ................................................................................................... 14 2.5.3: Design Tradeoffs......................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Data Gathering .................................................................................................................... 17 2.6.1 One-on-One Interviews vs. Focus Groups ................................................................... 18 2.6.2 Qualitative Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 21 2.6.3 NVivo ........................................................................................................................... 22 2.7 Comparing Customer and Technical Requirements ........................................................... 23 3. Planning 26 4. Procedure / Methodology 27 4.1 Institutional Review Board (IRB) ....................................................................................... 27 4.2 Mockups .............................................................................................................................. 28 4.3 Identifying User’s Needs .................................................................................................... 29 4.4 Interview Analysis .............................................................................................................. 31 4.4.1 NVivo ........................................................................................................................... 31 4.4.2 Developing a coding frame .......................................................................................... 31 4.4.3 Coding the data ............................................................................................................ 32 4.4.4 Running queries and drawing conclusions .................................................................. 34 4.5 Creating the House of Quality ............................................................................................ 35 5. Results and Analysis 38 5.1 Overall Analysis.................................................................................................................. 38 5.2 Notable Features ................................................................................................................. 40 5.2.1 Social Features ............................................................................................................. 40 5.2.2 Push Notifications ........................................................................................................ 43 5.2.4 Exercises ...................................................................................................................... 43 5.3 App Appearance.................................................................................................................. 44 5.3.2 Navigation .................................................................................................................... 44 5.3.3 Font .................................................................................................................................. 45 5.4 Feature Suggestions ............................................................................................................ 45 5.4.1 Activity Tracking ......................................................................................................... 45 5.5 Mindfulness Format ............................................................................................................ 45 5.6 Mindfulness Unclear - Barriers to Practice ......................................................................... 47 ii 5.7 Uses of App......................................................................................................................... 48 5.8 Remaining Nodes ................................................................................................................ 48 6. Conclusions 50 6.1 New App Mockup ............................................................................................................... 50 6.1.1 Splash Screen ............................................................................................................... 50 6.1.2 Main Screen ................................................................................................................. 51 6.1.3 About Mindfulness....................................................................................................... 52 6.1.4 Calendar and Timer ...................................................................................................... 53 6.1.5 Inspirational Corner ..................................................................................................... 54 6.1.6 College Room .............................................................................................................. 56 6.1.7 Local Events................................................................................................................. 57 7. Reflections and Lessons Learned 59 Glossary of Terms 62 References 63 Appendix A: Meeting Agendas 66 Meeting Agenda for 9/20/16 ..................................................................................................... 66 Meeting Agenda for 9/28/16 ..................................................................................................... 67 Meeting Agenda for 10/5/16 ..................................................................................................... 69 Meeting Agenda for 10/12/16 ................................................................................................... 71 Meeting Agenda for 10/26/16 ................................................................................................... 72 Meeting Agenda for 11/2/16 ..................................................................................................... 73 Meeting Agenda for 11/9/16 ..................................................................................................... 74 Meeting Agenda for 11/30/16 ................................................................................................... 75 Meeting Agenda for 12/7/16 ..................................................................................................... 76 Meeting Agenda for 1/23/17 ..................................................................................................... 77 Meeting Agenda for 1/30/17 ..................................................................................................... 78 Meeting Agenda for 2/6/17 ....................................................................................................... 79 Meeting Agenda for 2/15/17 ..................................................................................................... 80 Meeting Agenda for 2/20/17 ..................................................................................................... 81 Meeting Agenda for 2/27/17 ..................................................................................................... 82 Appendix B: Meeting Minutes 83 MQP Meeting Minutes 8/30/16 ................................................................................................ 83 MQP Meeting Minutes 9/6/16 .................................................................................................. 84 MQP Meeting Minutes 9/13/16 ................................................................................................ 85 MQP Meeting Minutes 9/20/16 ................................................................................................ 86 MQP Meeting Minutes 9/28/16 ................................................................................................ 87 MQP Meeting Minutes 10/5/16 ................................................................................................ 88 MQP Meeting Minutes 10/12/16 .............................................................................................. 89 MQP Meeting Minutes 10/26/16 .............................................................................................