Cambridge University Press 0521824451 - Barbarism and Religion, Volume Three: The First Decline and Fall J. G. A. Pocock Index More information Index NOTE: Gibbon’s book is indexed with full title under ‘H’ as The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Gibbon) as distinct from the separate heading Decline and Fall. Abbasids 19 9 structure of narrative 50–1 Abelard, Peter 12 2 see also agrarian problem; Gracchan Actium, battle of 25, 41 ‘explanation’ Aegean Sea 469 Aquinas, Thomas 13 7 , 14 1 Aetolian Greeks 402–3, 421 arcanum imperii 26–7, 29, 30–1, 59–60, 93, 218, agrarian problem in Roman history 44–7, 283, 421 50–60, 161–2, 350 Aretino, Pietro 160 as cause of decline 212–14 Arian heresy 247 landed estates 404 Aristotle 10 7 , 13 5 , 13 6, 413 see also army, military tenures; colonisation; Armenia 469, 477 soldier-farmers arms and civic liberty 156, 210 Agricola 425–6, 427 army 25–6, 296 Akiba 427 corruption 221, 405 Alaric 62, 63, 88 failure of public control 57, 61, 279, 444 Alemanni see Germany/Germans Hume on modern warfare 384–5 Alexander Severus 298–9, 337, 448–50 imperator’s monopoly of military power 27, Alfonso, King of Naples 182 , 183 , 187 , 19 4 –5, 29, 368–9 19 7 , 200 Machiavelli on 218–20, 221–2 Allectus 476 mercenaries 207, 209–10 , 217–19 , 221–2, Ambrose of Milan 73 283 Ammianus Marcellinus 18, 77–8 military practice and rule 245–7, 279, Angevins 13 3 –4 279–82, 317–18, 334–5 Angles 260 Gibbon on 428–30 antiquarian studies 265, 274 military pretenders 469 Antonine civilization military tenures 56–8, 214, 288, 296–302, the Antonine moment 12 , 379, 386, 412, 322, 350 419, 423–4, 440 in provinces 29–30, 48–9, 288, 369–71, 475 prosperity 17 –18, 435–8 soldiers’ pay 283–4, 288–9, 290, 294–6, secret of its decline 10 –14 , 18, 61, 64, 438–9 346–8, 356–8, 438 Antoninus Pius 80 standing 310–12 , 399 Antony see Mark Antony; Lucius (brother of) see also agrarian problems; Harrington, aphorisms 271–5, 281 James; legionaries; Lipsius, Justus; Apollonius 472 soldier-farmers; taxation Appian of Alexandria 38–43 Arnold of Brescia 12 3 , 167 revival of works 276–7 arts 439, 482–3 on Roman civil wars 40–3, 44, 47, 48, 51, Asinius Pollio 38 276 Athanasius 247 contrasted with Tacitus 61 Athens 10 7 516 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521824451 - Barbarism and Religion, Volume Three: The First Decline and Fall J. 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Pocock Index More information Index 517 ‘Augustan age’ in Georgian England 313–16 Beaufort, Louis 360–71 Augustine of Hippo 77 Dissertation sur l’incertitude des cinq premiers si`ecles De civitate Dei 80–97 de l’histoire romaine 360 and Orosius 79–81, 90–4, 96 La R´epublique Romaine 361–2; cited 362–71 and Otto 10 8 Berlin, Isaiah 155 on principate 91–2 Bernal, Martin 364 on Roman history 95 Bernard of Clairvaux 12 2 Augustus (Octavian), Emperor 11, 20, 22 Biondo, Flavio 180 –202, 265 and Antony 49, 326 on barbarians 19 2 –3 ‘Augustan age’ in England 313–14 on decline of Roman Empire 188–90, 248, Augustine on 92–3 250 Bossuet on 329 Historiarum ab inclinato Romano imperio decades disintegration of principate 448, 461, 474 III (Decades) 183 –6, 187 –90, 19 4 –201 Ferguson on 408–10 on Rome 183 –5 foundation of principate 441–3 themes 19 1–2 Gibbon on 442–3 and translatio imperii 183 –6 Julio-Claudians’ history 27–8 Black Sea 469 land settlement 56–8 Boniface VIII, Pope 13 4 , 14 4 Mex´ıa on 242 Bossuet, Jacques B´enigne 326–31 Montesquieu on 353–4 decline of republic 328–30 Orosius on 85–6 Discours sur l’Histoire Universelle 327–31, 340 and Paul of Tarsus 66 problem of libertas 328 Ptolemy of Lucca on 14 3 Roman emperors 330 Tillemont on 334–7 translatio imperii 330–1 Aurelian, Emperor 471–3 bribery 53 Avidius Cassius 450 Britain 425–6, 451, 476 Avignon papacy 13 4 Bruni, Leonardo 153 –78, 155 , 160 , 208, 421 De Bello Gothico 160 Babylon 86–7, 10 2 , 10 5 –6 on decline of Roman Empire 167 –71, 179 , Bacon, Francis 310 201, 205 Bagaudae 475 emphasis on barbarians 166, 171, 174 , 19 2 –3 Balbinus 461 as historian of Florence 166–7, 170 , 177 , Bar-Kochba rebellion 41, 427 186 barbarians 13 1, 166, 171, 174 Historiarum Populi Florentini Libri XII 160 , 177 , barbarism as beginning of civil society 402 19 4 Biondo’s narrative 19 1–2 on inter-city politics 186 Bruni’s narrative 171 problems of narrative 19 1 European barbarism 467–9 Brutus, Marcus Julius 53, 54–5 Gibbon’s case studies 425–7 Burgundians 259–60 histories 19 3 , 260 Burke, Edmund 9, 413, 414 and humanism 62, 158, 181 Byzantium see Constantinople invasions and rebellions 469–70 Machiavelli’s narrative 221–4 Caledonians see Scotland, Caledonian War Mex´ıa on 243–4 Caligula (Gaius Caligula), Emperor 11, 25, 48, modern use of term 400, 436 410, 447 problems of Gibbon’s narrative 464–6 Camden, William 265 provinces lost through barbarian invasions Canary Islands 432 259–60 Caracalla, Emperor 447, 452, 454–5, 456 and Roman army 61–2, 289 Edict of 452, 456, 458, 460 settlement on lands 466 Carausius 476 as social category 222–4 Carinus 474 theme announced 10 Carthaginian wars 21–2, 39–40, 84, 322–3, Barbeyrac, Jean 316 403–4 Baron, Hans 153 –5, 179 Carus, Emperor 473–4 Florentine crisis of liberty 154 , 158–9 Cassius (Gaius Cassius Longinus) 52, 55 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521824451 - Barbarism and Religion, Volume Three: The First Decline and Fall J. 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Pocock Index More information 518 Index Catiline, conspirator 35, 37, 48, 91, 13 9 , 14 0 Cola di Renzo 14 4 , 157 and origins of Florence 160 , 161, 163 colonisation Cato, Marcus 37, 13 8–9, 407 and the army 282–3, 286–9, 297–9, 301–4, Charlemagne, Emperor 13 , 99, 10 0 , 12 7 , 322–4 13 1–2 of cities 162 –3 Biondo on 19 8–201 extending beyond Italy 288–9 Bruni on 172 –5 linked with distant revolutions 59 Charles V,Emperor 239–40, 245 as political measure 51–2, 54–8 Charles VIII, Emperor 231 Colonna family 13 4 , 14 6 Chatelet, Emilie du 331 commerce Christ see Jesus Christ of culture 436, 446 Christian empire 13 –14 and trade 307, 310, 322–4, 414–16 Gibbon on 1 Commodus, Emperor 11, 12 , 17 , 25, 337, 413, Christianity 443, 446, 452 apostasy 70 Constantine, Emperor 13 –14 , 67, 73, 10 9 apostolic succession 12 9 –30, 230 Bruni’s account of 171–2 blamed for disasters and decline 80, 180 , Gibbon’s Constantinean moment 489–92 230 see also Donation of Constantine and Enlightenment 340 Constantinople 63, 13 0 Ferguson on 407–8, 411 distinct from Roman provinces 19 7 Gordon on 320–1 viewpoint of medieval history 10 historiography 67 Constantius, Emperor 476 Incarnation 71, 13 7 , 14 0 , 169 , 189 –90, 203, Constitutio Antoniniana see Caracalla, 242, 327, 484 Emperor, Edict of Latin vocabulary problem 19 3 Coriolanus 41 morality and values 90 Council of Florence 181, 19 4 , 200 narration of sacred history 67–70, 10 6–7, criticism vs mimesis struggle 326 266 Crusades 117 , 12 2 , 13 0 , 184 , 19 4 persecution 72, 19 0 , 203–4, 243, 247 Cynoscephalae 404 providence 70, 85, 88–9, 93–4, 95 as religion of empire 63, 66–7 Dacia 468, 471 religious warfare in sixteenth century 266, Dagobert, king of the Franks 116 273 D’Alembert, Jean le Rond 316, 362 rise of theology 9 Daniel, prophecy of 72, 10 2 , 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 9 , two histories 71–2, 10 9 , 12 0 –1, 12 8–30, 204 113 , 118, 12 7 chronology 10 9 , 19 1 Dante (Aligheri) 13 7 , 13 8, 13 9 Cicero, Marcus Tullius 37, 65, 93, 13 5 , 13 6, Darius the Mede 10 5 268, 326 Davenant, Charles 245 Cimbri 403 Decline and Fall of Roman Empire 26–7, 37, Cisalpine Gauls 403 12 0 –1, 167 –71, 179 , 201 cities, concept of two see Augustine of Hippo, Augustine 96–7, 12 0 , 203–4 De civitate Dei; Otto of Freising, Chronica Biondo 188–90, 201–2 sive Historia de Duabus Civitatibus Bossuet 329 cities, self-governing 13 3 , 13 5 , 157 , 164 –5, 169 Bruni 167 –71, 179 –80, 201–2 in Biondo’s history 19 3 –4 Gordon 321–2 in German-ruled empire 175 –7 Guicciardini 232–5 Machiavelli’s account 231 Harrington 301 see also Florence Lipsius 286, 289, 295 citizenship 36, 277, 405, 456–8 Machiavelli 220–2, 224–5, 230–2 Civil Wars, Roman 39–41, 48–60, 162 ‘Machiavellian moment’ 309–10 Civil Wars, English 295 Mex´ıa 247–52 Clarendon 273, 295 Montesquieu 348, 358–60 Claudius, Emperor 447, 459 Orosius 88–9, 96–7, 12 0 , 203–4, 327 Clement VII, Pope 231 Otto 10 9 , 114 , 12 1–2, 327 Clovis (ruler of the Franks) 340 Polybius 33–5 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521824451 - Barbarism and Religion, Volume Three: The First Decline and Fall J. 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Pocock Index More information Index 519 republican thesis 14 1–2 and monarchy 240 Sallust 35–7, 203 Orosius in postmodern perspective 82–3 and translatio imperii 12 7 –8, 14 4 , 157 , 180 Otto of Freising 10 2 –3, 113 –14 as western concept 201–2, 295–6 provinces described by Gibbon 430–2 see also ‘Gracchan explanation’; History of the religion of 66–7 Decline and Fall (Gibbon) rhetoric and discourse 64–6, 68 Defoe, Daniel 312, 322 rise and fall of great empires 224–7 Deioces the Mede 28, 480 as single civilisation 430–40 democracy 333–4 struggle with papacy 230–1, 234 depopulation, Gracchan thesis 51 universal 14 5 –6, 447 Dialogues of Natural Religion (Hume) 8 Virgil’s imagery of 64 Dio Cassius 17 see also Hohenstaufen empire Diocletian, Emperor 17 , 246–7, 474–82 Enlightenment 165 , 257, 258, 266 paralleled with Augustus 474–5 background to Gibbon 3, 13 , 325–6 Dionysius Exiguus 19 1 change in attitude to history 266, 340–1 discourse of translatio imperii 12 7 –9 ‘Enlightened narrative’ 307–9, 331