Myanmar Investment Guide June 2017 AEC+ Business Advisory World Business Division 1 Table of Contents Country & Economic Overview Key Industries & Opportunities Doing Business in Myanmar KASIKORNBANK’s Support 2 Why Myanmar? Strengths of Myanmar: Wealth of natural resources Youthful and cheap labor force Strategic location Fast growing and sizable market 3 Table of Contents Country & Economic Overview Key Industries & Opportunities Doing Business in Myanmar KASIKORNBANK’s Support 4 Country Overview Although economic activity in Myanmar has slowed somewhat in 2016-2017, its economic growth remained strong at 6.5%, with positive future prospects in the long run as the progress of reform takes shape. Country Name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar Area: 676,578 sq.km Population: 52.91 million (2017 e) Government: National League for Democracy (NLD) Currency: Kyat GDP (Current Price): USD 68.3 billion (2016) GDP per capita: USD 1,307.0 (2016) Timeline and Milestones: 1990 2010 2012 2013 2015 2016 Goal 1990: 2010: 2012: 2013: 2015-2016: 2016-2017: 2030 ASEAN First election in Implement new EU lifts NLD won election; US sanctions Become a ‘Modern, Membership 20 years. Foreign sanctions and first civilian president lifted; developed and Investment grant GSP in 50 years New Investment democratic nation’ Law 2012 Law 2017 5 Data Source: ADB, HKTDC Research, IMF, World Bank Economic Overview Economic Growth Outlook, 2012-2019 Changes in Economic Composition, 2010-2016 In the next 3 years, Myanmar’s economy is expected The service and agriculture sectors’ contribution to to grow at an average of 7.1% per year. the economy grew significantly. FDI and trade should pick up – Despite a decline from the global . Telecommunication grew on the back of emerging demand for ICT- slowdown and sluggish real estate, investment is projected to rise. related services from a wider demographic. The lifting of U.S. sanctions and growing interest from China would . Agricultural production had also begun to pick up, as the sector also have positive impacts on trade. gradually recovered from the flood in 2015 that had cut . Structural Reform – The release of its new investment law and productivity drastically. company act should help modernize Myanmar’s antiquated legal . Government spending in agriculture to rescue the agriculture system and attract more foreign investment if implemented sector after the flood was also another factor that pushed up effectively. growth. 6 Data Source: World Bank, CIA, ADB, FAO Foreign Direct Investment There was a clear shift in FDI trends, from mainly pouring into extractive and resource-dependent sectors such as oil and gas to being more focused on non-commodity sectors such as services, manufacturing and hospitality. FDI Inflow by sector, FY2016-FY2017 Top Foreign Investors, 2016 China st th Hong Kong 1 USD 18.6 billion 4 USD 7.6 billion nd Singapore UK 2 USD 16.9 billion 5th USD 4.1 billion Thailand South Korea rd th 3 USD 10.9 billion 6 USD 3.6 billion ► FDI dropped from USD 9.5 billion in FY2015/16 to USD 6.9 billion in FY2016/17, as investors had adopted a wait-and-see approach following Myanmar’s major change of government. Total ► The large investment in transport & communications, manufacturing, USD 6.9 billion power and real estate signifies growing interest in Myanmar as a consumer market and production hub, as opposed to being only a source of commodities. ► Singapore has risen as the top investor by cumulative value since 2012, outranking China, though China remains the top investor in 2016. 7 Data Source: : Directorate of Investment and Company Administration, Myanmar, ADB Myanmar Trade Overview Myanmar’s trade deficit continued to persist, with the flood affecting agricultural exports and falling commodity prices affecting the value of it oil & gas exports. Imports also contracted somewhat in line with the slowing economy. Trade Flows and Balance, 2012-2016 Total Exports and Top Total Imports and Top Export Products, 2016 Import Products, 2016 Total exports in 2016 was Total exports in 2016 was USD 12 billion USD 21 billion 6% 0.9% compared to USD 12.9 billion in compared to USD 21.2 billion in 2015. 2015. Oil and Gas Electronics USD 3.4 billion USD 2.4 billion Apparel Machinery USD 1.6 billion USD 2.2 billion Top Trade Partners 1. China Agricultural Autos & Parts 2. Thailand USD 2.1 billion 3. India USD 1.1 billion 8 Data Source: : International Trade Center, World Bank, ADB Myanmar – Thailand Border Trade The majority of Myanmar’s trade with Thailand is unrecorded and occurs through the borders. There are 6 official trade points 45% of Myanmar’s border occurs through the Mae Sot border but the Mae Sai – Tachileik and Mae Sot – Myawaddy as the border is the closest entry point for Thai goods to reach are the most . Yangon, from where goods heading to other provinces are disseminated. Mae Sai – Tachileik: Mae Sot – Myawaddy: Gateway to Mandalay, Gateway to Yangon and key Northern Myanmar and economic cities, South Asia, Southern China Europe, and the East-West Economic Corridor Key Products 2016 Myanmar-Thailand Border Trade Volume, 2016 Myanmar’s Exports Myanmar’s Imports Exports: USD 2.3 billion 28% Imports: USD 3.2 billion 10% Fuels Fishery Beverages Sugar Exports dropped significantly due to a 37% drop in natural gas exports and other commodities, while imports grew on growing sugar, beverages and auto parts imports. Live Animal Meat Textiles Phones 9 Data Source: : Department of Foreign Trade, Thailand Myanmar – China Border Trade 1 Official border: Ruili – Muse Ruili- Muse is the border with the Future Developments: most traffic, accounting for 85% of 1. New Muse Central Economic Zone to total border trade. be completed in fiscal year 2017-2018. Strategic Importance: 2. China-Myanmar Border Economic Cooperation Zone to be established to • Gateway to Bay of Bengal. boost border trade • On route of Kyaukpyu Pipeline Shan State Key Products 2016 Nay Pyi Taw Myanmar’s Exports Myanmar’s Imports Fuels Ores Electronics Machinery China-Myanmar Border Trade Volume, 2016 Exports: USD 3.7 billion Woods Precious stones Vehicle Iron and Steel Imports: USD 1.6 billion 10 Data Source: : Ministry of Commerce, Myanmar, International Trade Center Infrastructure Overview Road transport dominates long-distance travel, supporting 90% of freight transport and 86% of passenger transport. Domestic Volume of Freight by Type of Road Aviation Transport (million tons), 2014 Road transport is the dominant mode of There are 3 international airports in passenger and freight transport but only Yangon, Mandalay and Nay Pyi Taw. The 53% of the truck road network is currently new Hanthawaddy Airport, near Yangon, is paved. However, this is due to improve as expected to be completed in the term of the government pushes for GMS network current government. development. Water Transport Telecommunication There are 5 major ports in Myanmar: The mobile industry saw major reforms Sittwe, Kyaukpyu, Yangon, Thilawa, and when the government issued licenses to Dawei. Yangon is the busiest port which Telenor, Ooredoo and most recently handles 85% of cargo, and Thilawa is an up- Viettel. and-coming deep-water cargo hub. Market Share Myanmar’s ports have the potential to become regional hubs due to the possibility MPT (State-owned) 45% to save shipping time by going over land in Telenor 38% Myanmar. Ooredoo 17% As of mid-2017, mobile penetration rate has grown to around 79%, while internet penetration rate is 87%. 11 Data Source: : ADB, Myanmar President Office Road Network GMS Network Roads Tamu – Mandalay - Muse Tamu – Nay Pyi Taw - Mawlamyine • Part of Northern Economic Corridor • Part of Western Economic Corridor • Strategic route from Myanmar-China border • The significant and the most traffic route for (Muse-Ruili) through Mandalay, Myanmar’s domestic freight. It runs through Myanmar’s northern economic center, and Myanmar-India key cities including Mawlamyine, Yangon, and border (Tamu-Moreh) Nay Pyi Taw Mongla – Tachileik (Mae Sai) Dawei – Bhunamron (THA) • Part of North-South Economic Corridor • Part of Southern Economic Corridor, it runs • Known as Myanmar’s R3B route, that links through Vietnam – Cambodia – Thailand – China (Kunming) – Myanmar – Mae Sai Myanmar (Dawei SEZ) • Used for transport of Thailand-China trade • Although Dawei is still under development, it has potential to become an alternative route, linking the South China Sea and the Indian Mawlamyine – Myawaddy (Mae Sot) Ocean • • Part of East-West Economic Corridor The route is uncompleted in some parts due to missing links in Myanmar. • One of the most used routes in the GMS region. It links Myanmar’s new Mawlamyine SEZ, Thailand’s Tak SEZ, Laos’ biggest industrial zone Savannakhet SEZ and Vietnam’s deep sea port and industrial zone at Da Nang. 12 Data Source: : ADB, Secondary Research Port Infrastructure With a 2,800 km coastline running along the eastern side of the Bay of Bengal, Myanmar has the potential to become an alternative international trade route to Asia and Indochina Yangon Port Sittwe Port • Myanmar’s gateway port which • India’s strategic commercial and handles 85% of water cargos. political port rivaling China. • International trade center and • Deep-water port that links Sittwe and central distribution point. India’s Mizoram. • India handed it back to Myanmar Sittwe Thilawa Port government in March, 2017. Kyaukpyu • Deep-water multi-purpose terminal for larger vessels next to upcoming Kyaukpyu Port Thilawa SEZ. Yangon • A new container terminal to be • Important link in China’s energy Thilawa completed in early 2018. security. • Part of transport network between Middle East and Africa. Dawei Port • Can supply 440,000 barrels of oil and Dawei [Phase I completion: 2023] 12 billion cubic meters of gas per • Hub linking the GMS network, South year.